〔仲〕干呕，吐逆，吐涎沫，半夏干姜散主之。
半夏 干姜（各等分）
上二味，杵为散。取方寸匕，浆水一升半，煎取七合，顿服之。
干呕吐涎沫，头痛者，吴茱萸汤主之。（方见伤寒。）
妇人吐涎沫，医反下之，心下即痞，当先治其吐涎沫，小青龙汤主之。涎沫止，乃治痞，泻心汤主之。
刺灸 呕沫，独取手太阴。经云∶手太阴厥逆，虚满而咳，善呕沫，治主病者是也。
脾脉微急，为膈中食饮，入而还出，后沃沫。（全文见虚实法。经云∶急者多寒。）
〔仲〕呕家有痈脓，不可治呕，脓尽自愈。
〔丹〕吐虫。黑锡炒成灰，槟榔末，米饮调下。
〔仲〕蛔厥者当吐蛔，今病者静而复时烦，此为脏寒，蛔上入膈故烦，须臾复止，得食而呕。又烦者，蛔
闻食臭出，其人当自吐蛔。蛔厥者，乌梅丸主之，又主痢。（方见伤寒厥阴论。）
刺灸 呕虫独取胃。经云∶胃咳之状，咳而呕，呕甚则长虫出，取胃三里是也。
〔《脉》〕关上脉微浮，积热在胃中，呕吐蛔虫，心健忘。
〔仲〕病患有寒，复发汗，胃中冷，必吐蛔。
成无己云∶若止呕吐而利，《经》云谓之吐利是也。上吐下利，躁扰烦乱，乃谓之霍乱，其与但称吐利者有
异也。盖暴于旦夕者为霍乱，可数日久者为吐利。今以暴为霍乱者，寓于伤寒吐利门，徐而日久者入此门。
〔海〕上吐下泻不止当渴，而反不渴，脉微细而弱者，理中汤主之。（方见伤寒。）
〔丹〕泄泻或呕吐。六一散，生姜汁汤调。
丈夫因辛苦发热，腰脚痛，吐泻交作。
白术 滑石 陈皮（各二钱） 木通 柴胡（钱半） 人参（一钱） 甘草（五分）
〔《脉》〕心乘肝，必吐利。
运气 吐利有二∶
一曰风木。经云∶厥阴所至，为呕泄。又云∶木太过曰发生，发生之纪，上征则气逆，其病吐利是也。
二曰寒水。经云；水太过曰流衍，流衍之纪，其动漂泄沃涌是也。（漂泄谓泄利，沃涌谓吐沫也。）
咳呕腹痛且发泄，其脉绝，是逆也。（全文见诊生死。）
〔仲〕干呕而利者，黄芩加半夏生姜汤主之。
黄芩（三两） 甘草（炙，二两） 芍药（三两） 半夏（半斤） 生姜（四两） 大枣（二十个）
上六味，以水一斗，煮取三升，去滓，温服一升。日再、夜一服。
黄芩汤 治干呕下利。
黄芩（二两） 人参 干姜（各三两） 桂枝（一两） 大枣（十二个） 半夏（半两）
上六味，以水七升，煮取三升，温分三服。
〔洁〕水煮金花丸 治有痰而泄痢不止，甚则呕而欲吐，利下而不能食，由风痰羁绊脾胃之间。
半夏（一两，汤洗） 天南星（一两，洗） 天麻（半两） 寒水石（烧存性，一两） 雄黄（一钱半）
白面（四两）
上为末，滴水为丸，桐子大。每服百丸，先煎浆水沸，下药煮令浮为度，漉出，生姜汤下，食前。
[Zhang Zhongjing] Dry retching, vomiting with reverse qi, and spitting out saliva and foam are treated with Banxia Ganjiang San (Pinellia and Dried Ginger Powder).
Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) and Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) in equal parts.
The above two ingredients are crushed into a powder. Take one Fangcunbi (a traditional Chinese measuring spoon) of the powder, add 1.5 sheng of Jiangshui (fermented grain water), decoct to obtain 7 he, and take it all at once.
Dry retching accompanied by spitting out saliva and foam, along with headache, is treated with Wuzhuyu Tang (Evodia Decoction). (Formula see Shanghan Lun.)
In women, spitting out saliva and foam; if the physician mistakenly uses purgatives, epigastric fullness (pi syndrome) will result. One must first treat the spitting of saliva and foam with Xiao Qinglong Tang (Minor Blue Dragon Decoction). Once the saliva and foam cease, then treat the epigastric fullness with Xiexin Tang (Drain the Epigastrium Decoction).
[Acupuncture and Moxibustion] For vomiting and spitting foam, exclusively select the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. The classic states: When Qi rebellion occurs in the Hand-Taiyin meridian, there is deficiency-type fullness and cough, with frequent vomiting of foam; treatment should focus on the affected meridian.
A slightly rapid pulse in the Spleen indicates food and drink stagnating in the diaphragm, leading to regurgitation after ingestion, followed by profuse salivation. (Full text see Xu Shi Fa chapter. The classic states: Rapid pulses often indicate cold.)
[Zhang Zhongjing] In cases of vomiting due to carbuncle pus, do not treat the vomiting directly; the condition will resolve spontaneously once the pus is exhausted.
[Zhu Danxi] Vomiting worms. Roast Heixi (Nigrum Plumbum) until ash-like, mix with Binglang powder (Arecae Semen), and administer with rice water.
[Zhang Zhongjing] In Huijue (Ascaris Syncope), the patient vomits roundworms. If the patient is quiet but experiences intermittent restlessness, this is due to internal cold causing the ascarids to ascend into the diaphragm, resulting in restlessness, which ceases after a moment. Eating triggers vomiting. If restlessness recurs, it is because the ascarids detect the odor of food and emerge; the patient will likely vomit them naturally. Huijue is treated with Wumei Wan (Mume Pill), which also treats dysentery. (Formula see Shanghan Lun, Jueyin Chapter.)
[Acupuncture and Moxibustion] For vomiting worms, exclusively select the Stomach Meridian. The classic states: The manifestation of Stomach Cough is coughing with vomiting; severe vomiting may expel long worms. Select Zusanli (ST-36) of the Stomach Meridian for this purpose.
[Mai Jing] A slightly floating pulse at the Guan position indicates accumulated heat in the Stomach, leading to vomiting of roundworms and forgetfulness.
[Zhang Zhongjing] If a patient with existing cold symptoms undergoes sweating therapy, causing cold in the Stomach, they will inevitably vomit roundworms.
Cheng Wuji stated: If there is only vomiting without diarrhea, the Classic calls this "Tou Li" (Vomiting and Diarrhea). Upper vomiting and lower diarrhea accompanied by restlessness and confusion are called "Huoluan" (Cholera-like disorder), which differs from simple Tou Li. Acute onset within a day or night is Huoluan, while prolonged duration over several days is Tou Li. Currently, acute cases classified as Huoluan are placed in the Shanghan Tou Li section, while gradual, prolonged cases are included in this section.
[Li Dongyuan] For continuous upper vomiting and lower diarrhea where thirst is absent despite the expectation of thirst, and the pulse is fine, weak, and minute, Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) is indicated. (Formula see Shanghan Lun.)
[Zhu Danxi] For diarrhea or vomiting. Use Liuyi San (Six-to-One Powder), mixed with ginger juice and water.
For a man suffering from fever due to overwork, with pain in the waist and legs, and alternating vomiting and diarrhea:
Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Huashi (Talcum), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (each 2 qian); Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) (1.5 qian); Renshen (Ginseng Radix) (1 qian); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (0.5 qian).
[Mai Jing] If Heart Qi invades Liver Qi, vomiting and diarrhea will occur.
[Five Movements and Six Qi Theory] There are two types of Tou Li:
First, Wind-Wood. The classic states: Wherever Jueyin prevails, vomiting and diarrhea occur. It also states: Excessive Wood energy is called Fa Sheng. In the era of Fa Sheng, upward aggression leads to Qi rebellion, manifesting as vomiting and diarrhea.
Second, Cold-Water. The classic states: Excessive Water energy is called Liu Yan. In the era of Liu Yan, the movement is characterized by flooding, draining, and surging. (Flooding and draining refer to diarrhea; surging refers to vomiting foam.)
Cough, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea, combined with an absent pulse, indicate a counter-flow (adverse) condition. (Full text see Zhen Sheng Si chapter.)
[Zhang Zhongjing] Dry retching accompanied by diarrhea is treated with Huangqin Jia Banxia Shengjiang Tang (Scutellaria Decoction plus Pinellia and Fresh Ginger).
Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (3 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried) (2 liang), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) (3 liang), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) (0.5 jin), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) (4 liang), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus) (20 pieces).
The above six ingredients are decocted in 10 dou of water to obtain 3 sheng. Strain and take 1 sheng warm. Administer twice daily and once at night.
Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) treats dry retching and diarrhea.
Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (2 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) (each 3 liang), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (1 liang), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus) (12 pieces), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) (0.5 liang).
The above six ingredients are decocted in 7 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng. Take warm, divided into three doses.
[Li Gao] Shuizhu Jinhua Wan (Water-Boiled Golden Flower Pill) treats persistent dysentery caused by phlegm, severe enough to cause vomiting and inability to eat due to wind-phlegm binding the Spleen and Stomach.
Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed in boiling water) (1 liang), Tiannanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma, washed) (1 liang), Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) (0.5 liang), Hanshuishi (Calcitrum, calcined retaining its nature) (1 liang), Xionghuang (Realgar) (1.5 qian), Baifan (Alumen) (4 liang).
Grind into powder, form pills with dripping water, size of tung tree seeds. Take 100 pills per dose. First boil Jiangshui (fermented grain water), add the pills, cook until they float, strain, and swallow with ginger-infused water before meals.