伤寒病六经分治之外，又有不分经之病，附载于伤寒分经之
后者，又宜择其紧要者，详为诠解，而后学治伤寒者，自能应变
无穷也。
《伤寒论》原文∶大病瘥后，喜唾，久不了了者，胸上有寒，当以丸药温之，宜理中丸。
【理中丸方】人参、甘草、白术、干姜各三两。
上四味，捣筛为末，蜜丸如鸡子黄大，以沸汤数合，和一丸，研碎，温服之，日三服，夜二服，腹
中未热，益至三、四丸，然不及汤。汤法以四物根据两数切，用水八升，煮取三升，去滓，温服一升，日三服。
附加减法∶若脐上筑者，肾气动也，去术，加桂四两，吐多者，去术，加生姜三两；下多者，还用术；悸
者，加茯苓二两；渴欲饮水者，加术，足前成四两半；腹中疼者，加人参，足前成四两半；寒者，加干姜，
足前成四两半；腹满者，去术，加附子一枚。服汤后如食顷，饮热粥一升许，微自温，勿发揭衣被。
此病时服凉药太过，伤其胃中之阳，致胃阳虚损不能运化脾脏之湿，是以痰饮上溢而喜唾，久不了了
也。故方中用人参以回胃中之阳，其补益之力，且能助胃之 动加数，自能运化脾中之湿使之下行。而又
辅以白术，能健脾又能渗湿。干姜以能暖胃又能助相火以生土。且又加甘草以调和诸药，使药力之猛者，得甘
草之缓而猛力悉化，使药性之热者，得甘草之甘而热力愈长也。至于方后诸多加减，又皆各具精义，随诸证
之变化，而遵其加减诸法，用之自能奏效无误也。
《伤寒论》原文∶伤寒解后，虚羸少气，气逆欲吐者，竹叶石膏汤主之。
【竹叶石膏汤方】竹叶二把，石膏一斤，半夏半升洗，麦门冬一升，人参三两，甘草二两炙，粳米半升。
上七味，以水一斗，煮取六升，去滓，纳粳米，煮米熟汤成去米，温服一升，日三服。
前节是病时过用凉药，伤其阳分；此节是病时不能急用凉药以清外感之热，致耗阴分。且其大热虽退，
仍有余热未清，是以虚羸少气，气逆欲吐，此乃阴虚不能恋阳之象，又兼有外感之余热为之助虐也。故方
中用竹叶、石膏以清外感之热，又加人参、麦冬协同石膏以滋阴分之亏，盖石膏与人参并用，原有化合
之妙，能于余热未清之际立复真阴也。用半夏者，降逆气以止吐也。用甘草、粳米者，调和胃气以缓石药下
侵也。自常情观之，伤寒解后之余热，何必重用石膏，以生地、玄参、天冬、麦冬诸药，亦
可胜任，然而甘寒留邪，可默酿痨瘵之基础，此又不可不知也。
Beyond the treatment of Shaoyang diseases according to the Six Meridians, there are also pathologies not divided by meridians. These are appended after the discussions on meridian-specific treatments. It is necessary to select the critical cases among them and explain them in detail, so that students learning to treat Shaoyang diseases can naturally respond with infinite flexibility.
Original text from *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases): After a major illness has convalesced, if the patient frequently spits saliva and this condition persists for a long time without resolving, it indicates cold in the chest. One should use pill medicine to warm it; Lizhong Wan (Regulate the Middle Pill) is suitable.
[Formula for Lizhong Wan (Regulate the Middle Pill)] Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice Root), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), and Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) each three liang.
The above four ingredients are crushed, sifted into powder, and formed into pills using honey, sized like a chicken egg yolk. Take one pill, mix with several he of boiling water, crush it, and take it warm. Take three times daily and twice at night. If there is no feeling of warmth in the abdomen, increase to three or four pills. However, this is inferior to the decoction method. For the decoction, cut the four ingredients according to the original dosage, add eight sheng of water, boil to obtain three sheng, remove the dregs, and take one sheng warm, three times daily.
Additional modifications: If there is throbbing above the navel, indicating kidney qi movement, remove Baizhu and add Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) four liang. If vomiting is frequent, remove Baizhu and add Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) three liang. If diarrhea is frequent, continue using Baizhu. If palpitations occur, add Fuling (Poria) two liang. If thirsty and desiring to drink water, increase Baizhu so the total becomes four and a half liang. If there is abdominal pain, increase Renshen so the total becomes four and a half liang. If there is internal cold, increase Ganjiang so the total becomes four and a half liang. If there is abdominal fullness, remove Baizhu and add one Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateralis Radix). About the time of a meal after taking the decoction, drink about one sheng of hot porridge to induce slight warmth; do not uncover clothes or blankets.
This pathology arises because excessive use of cooling medicines during the illness damaged the yang qi in the stomach, leading to deficiency of stomach yang which cannot transform dampness in the spleen. Consequently, phlegm-fluid overflows upward causing frequent spitting and persistent symptoms. Therefore, Renshen is used in the formula to restore stomach yang. Its tonifying power also aids in accelerating stomach qi movement, naturally transforming spleen dampness and directing it downward. Baizhu is added as an assistant to strengthen the spleen and leach out dampness. Ganjiang warms the stomach and assists ministerial fire to generate earth (spleen/stomach). Gancao is added to harmonize the various herbs, such that the potent force of strong herbs is mitigated by Gancao’s moderating nature, and the heat of hot-natured herbs is prolonged by Gancao’s sweetness. The numerous modifications listed after the formula each possess profound meaning; following these modification methods according to changes in syndromes will ensure efficacy without error.
Original text from *Shanghan Lun*: After Shaoyang disease has resolved, if the patient is emaciated and weak, has shortness of breath, and experiences rebellious qi with a desire to vomit, Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) governs.
[Formula for Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction)] Zhuye (Bamboo Leaves) two handfuls, Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) one jin, Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) half sheng (washed), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix) one sheng, Renshen three liang, Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root) two liang, Jingmi (Rice) half sheng.
The above seven ingredients are boiled in ten dou of water to obtain six sheng. Remove the dregs, add Jingmi, and boil until the rice is cooked and the decoction is ready. Remove the rice grains. Take one sheng warm, three times daily.
The previous section discussed how excessive use of cooling medicines during illness damaged yang qi; this section discusses how failure to promptly use cooling medicines to clear external heat led to consumption of yin fluids. Although the major fever has subsided, residual heat remains unclarified. Hence, the symptoms of emaciation, weakness, shortness of breath, and rebellious qi with nausea arise. This is a sign of yin deficiency failing to anchor yang, compounded by residual external heat exacerbating the condition. Therefore, Zhuye and Shigao are used to clear residual external heat. Renshen and Maidong are added to synergize with Shigao in nourishing yin fluid deficiency. The combination of Shigao and Renshen possesses a subtle chemical interaction, capable of immediately restoring true yin amidst residual heat. Banxia is used to descend rebellious qi and stop vomiting. Gancao and Jingmi are used to harmonize stomach qi and mitigate the downward invasion of mineral drugs (Shigao). From common perspective, why use heavy doses of Shigao for residual heat after Shaoyang resolution? Medicines such as Shengdi Huang (Rehmanniae Radix), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Tiandong (Asparagi Radix), and Maidong could suffice. However, sweet-cold herbs may retain pathogens, potentially silently brewing the foundation for Laozai (consumption/tuberculosis); this must be known.