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1. Headache may be caused by phlegm, heat, wind, dampness, or qi stagnation, or it may be accompanied by deficiency of qi and blood. Right-sided headache mostly belongs to qi stagnation and phlegm-heat, while left-sided headache mostly belongs to blood deficiency with wind pathogen. Dizziness and headache due to wind are called "head wind" (Toufeng); dizziness due to heat is accompanied by irritability and thirst (due to fire attacking upwards); dizziness due to qi depression is accompanied by vomiting of phlegm-saliva; dizziness due to dampness presents as heavy and painful head; dizziness due to deficiency worsens upon movement.

[Note] Headache belongs to phlegm, heat, wind, dampness, or qi stagnation, or is accompanied by qi deficiency and blood deficiency. Pain caused by wind is called "head wind" (Toufeng) and must be accompanied by dizziness. Pain and dizziness caused by heat are accompanied by irritability and thirst. Pain and dizziness caused by qi depression are accompanied by a depressed spirit and lack of vitality. Pain and dizziness caused by phlegm are accompanied by vomiting of phlegm-saliva. Pain and dizziness caused by dampness present as a heavy head that is difficult to lift. Pain and dizziness caused by deficiency worsen in pain and dizziness upon movement.

2. True headache (Zhen Toutong), where pain extends into the brain, leads to death if onset is in the morning and persists until evening; cold limbs turning blue up to the elbow and knee joints indicate a critical condition. Excessive diarrhea leading to dizziness and frequent fainting, or sudden severe headache with blurred vision, are ominous signs.

[Note] True headache (Zhen Toutong) involves pain extending into the brain, with cold and blue limbs reaching the elbows and knees, leading to death from morning onset to evening. Any case of headache and dizziness with frequent confusion and fainting, sudden severe pain in the head and eyes with loss of vision, or symptoms appearing after excessive diarrhea, are all ominous syndromes.
Bibi San (Bi Ba Powder) | Xiong Zhi Shi Gao Tang (Ligusticum, Angelica Dahurica, and Gypsum Decoction)

3. For head wind with nasal heat, use Bibi San; for excess dampness, use Citrulli Fructus Seed (Gua Di) added to tea; for wind excess persisting for a long time, use San Sheng San (Three Holy Powders); internally, Xiong Zhi Shi Gao Tang is effective. Xiong Zhi Shi Gao Tang consists of Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuan Xiong), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Bai Zhi), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shi Gao), Chrysanthemi Flos (Ju Hua), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qiang Huo), and Ligustici Rhizoma (Cao Ben). If pain is severe, add Asari Radix (Xi Xin); if wind is excessive with blurred vision, add Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fang Feng) and Schizonepetae Spica (Jing Jie Sui); if heat is excessive, add Gardeniae Fructus (Zhi Zi), Forsythiae Fructum (Lian Qiao), Scutellariae Radix (Huang Qin), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bo He), and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gan Cao); if constipation and red urine occur, use Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (Da Huang) and Mirabilite (Mang Xiao) to purge and restore health.

[Note] For all cases of head wind with heat, use Bibi San insufflated into the nose. This is single-ingredient Biba powder mixed with pig bile juice and insufflated, causing sneezing and immediate cure. For all cases of head wind with dampness, use Citrulli Fructus Seed (Gua Di) and Poria Cocos (Song Luo Cha) powdered and insufflated, draining yellow fluid for immediate cure. When head wind flares due to wind excess and persists for a long time, it often causes blurred vision; use San Sheng San insufflated into the nose (formula found in the Stroke section). Use Xiong Zhi Shi Gao Tang, which consists of Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuan Xiong), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Bai Zhi), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shi Gao), Chrysanthemi Flos (Ju Hua), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qiang Huo), and Ligustici Rhizoma (Cao Ben). Add Asari Radix (Xi Xin) for severe pain. Add Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fang Feng) and Schizonepetae Spica (Jing Jie Sui) for wind excess and blurred vision. Add Gardeniae Fructus (Zhi Zi), Forsythiae Fructum (Lian Qiao), Scutellariae Radix (Huang Qin), and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gan Cao) for heat excess. Add Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (Da Huang) and Mirabilite (Mang Xiao) for constipation and red urine to purge and achieve self-healing.
Cha Tiao San (Tea-Powdering Powder) | Qing Zhen Tang (Clear Shock Decoction) | Gun Tan Wan (Rolling Phlegm Pill) | Renshen Xiong Fu Tang (Ginseng, Ligusticum, and Aconite Decoction)

4. For wind-heat with normal bowel movements, use Cha Tiao San; for Lei Tou Feng (Thunder-head Wind, characterized by lumps on head/face and hearing thunder-like sounds), use Qing Zhen Tang composed of Nelumbinis Folium (He Ye), Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cang Zhu), and Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Sheng Ma); for phlegm-heat, use Gun Tan Wan with Chuanxiong Rhizome as a guide; for deficiency-cold true headache, use Renshen Xiong Fu Tang composed of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen), Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuan Xiong), and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Chuan Fu).

[Note] Lei Tou Feng (Thunder-head Wind) involves pain with lumps on the head and face, and auditory sensations like thunder; Qing Zhen Tang is indicated, composed of Nelumbinis Folium (He Ye), Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cang Zhu), and Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Sheng Ma). Renshen Xiong Fu Tang is composed of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen), Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuan Xiong), and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Chuan Fu).
Xiong Xi Wan (Ligusticum and Rhinoceros Horn Pill)

5. For lateral and central head wind, use Xiong Xi Wan; for blood deficiency, use Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) plus Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bo He), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qiang Huo), and Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tian Ma); for qi deficiency, use Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) plus Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuan Xiong) and Asari Radix (Xi Xin); for rebellious qi, use Hei Xi Dan (Black Tin Pill) to descend qi.

[Note] Blood deficiency presents with pale complexion or follows prolonged blood loss. Tian refers to Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tian Ma). Jiang Qi refers to Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang (Perilla Fruit Descending Qi Decoction).
Xiong Ma Tang (Ligusticum and Gastrodia Decoction) | Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang (Pinellia, Atractylodes Macrocephala, and Gastrodia Decoction)

6. For nausea, heavy dizziness, and headache due to wind-phlegm, administer Qingzhou Bai Wan Wan (Qingzhou White Pill) with Xiong Ma Tang to calm symptoms. For deficiency patterns, use Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) plus Astragali Radix (Huang Qi), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Gan Jiang), Phellodendri Cortex (Huang Bo), Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tian Ma), Saccharomyces (Shen Qu), and Hordeum Vulgare Germinatum (Mai Ya), along with Alismatis Rhizoma (Ze Xie) and Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cang Zhu).

[Note] Ma refers to Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tian Ma). Bai Wan refers to Qingzhou Bai Wan Wan (Qingzhou White Pill). Deficiency pattern refers to wind-phlegm accompanied by qi deficiency; Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang is indicated, which is Liu Jun Zi Tang plus Astragali Radix (Huang Qi), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Gan Jiang), Phellodendri Cortex (Huang Bo), Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tian Ma), Saccharomyces (Shen Qu), Hordeum Vulgare Germinatum (Mai Ya), Alismatis Rhizoma (Ze Xie), and Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cang Zhu).
Jing Sui Si Wu Tang (Schizonepeta Four Substances Decoction)

7. Dizziness and headache share the same treatment principle: for blood deficiency, use Jing Sui Si Wu Tang; for qi deficiency, use Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang; for dual qi and blood deficiency, use Shi Quan Da Bu Tang (Ten Great Tonifying Decoction); for upper excess and lower deficiency, Hei Xi Dan (Black Tin Pill) is effective.

[Note] The various deficiency-excess, cold-heat syndromes of dizziness are treated similarly to headache. For those due to blood deficiency, Jing Sui Si Wu Tang is indicated, composed of Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Dang Gui), Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuan Xiong), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Bai Shao), Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata (Shu Di Huang), and Schizonepetae Spica (Jing Jie Sui). For qi deficiency, Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang is indicated. For dual qi and blood deficiency, Shi Quan Da Bu Tang is indicated. For upper excess and lower deficiency, Hei Xi Dan is indicated.