牡蛎（熬） 泽泻 栝蒌根 蜀漆（暖水洗去腥） 商陆根（熬） 海藻（洗去咸）
苦葶苈（熬）各等分
右七分，异捣下筛为散，更入臼中治之，白饮和服方寸匕，日三服，小便利，止后服
。
【方解】
水停于内，外泛作肿，腰以上者，当汗之，小青龙、越婢是也。腰以下者，当利小便
，此方是也。以牡蛎破水之坚，泽泻利水之蓄，海藻散水之泛，栝蒌根消水之肿，又
以蜀漆、苦葶苈、商陆根，辛苦有毒之品，直捣其巢，峻逐水气，使从大、小二便而
出。然此方施之于形气实者，其肿可随愈也，若病后土虚，不能制水，肾虚不能行水
，则又当别论，慎不可服也。
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大病差后，喜唾，久不了了，胸上有寒，当以丸药温之，宜理中丸。
【注】
大病差后，喜唾，久不了了者，胃中虚寒，不能运化津液，聚而成唾，故唾日久无已
时也，宜理中丸以温补其胃，自可已也。
【集注】
程知曰：病后阳气不足，胃中虚寒，不内津液，故喜唾不了了。前牡蛎泽泻用散者，
欲其恋肺而下水也；此理中用丸者，欲其温胃而收唾也。
喻昌曰：身中津液，因胃寒凝结而成浊唾，久而不清，其人必消瘦索泽，故不用汤药
荡涤，而用圆药缓图也。
张璐曰：伤寒差后体虚，每有遗热，故禁温补，即间有素禀虚寒者，祗宜理中圆调理
，未尝轻用桂、附也。
@@@
伤寒解后，虚羸少气，气逆欲吐，竹叶石膏汤主之。
【注】
伤寒解后虚羸，寒伤形也；少气，热伤气也；气逆欲吐，余邪挟饮犯胃也。故宜竹叶
石膏汤，益虚清热，以降逆气也。
【集注】
方有执曰：病后虚羸少气，脾胃未强，饮食难化，则痰饮易生，饮停气逆，故欲吐也
。
程知曰：伤寒解后，津液不足，则虚羸；余热不尽，则伤气，与竹叶石膏汤，以调胃
而去虚热。盖前条是治病后虚寒，此条是治病后虚热也。
Oyster Shell (Calcined) Alisma Rhizoma Trichosanthes Root Cladobotryum Mycelium (Washed with warm water to remove fishy odor) Phytolaccae Radix (Calcined) Sargassum Thallus (Washed to remove saltiness)
Perilla Seed (Calcined) Equal parts
The above seven herbs are individually crushed and sieved into a powder, then further ground in a mortar. Mix with rice water and administer one *cunbi* (a measure approx. 27g) per dose, three times daily. Discontinue use once urination becomes normal.
[Formula Analysis]
When fluid retention is internal and manifests externally as edema, if the swelling is above the waist, diaphoresis (sweating method) should be employed, such as Xiao Qing Long Tang (Minor Blue Dragon Decoction) or Yue Bi Tang (Crossing the House Decoction). If the swelling is below the waist, promoting urination should be employed; this formula (Mu Li Ze Xie San) belongs to this category. Oyster Shell breaks up the firmness of fluid retention; Alisma Rhizoma promotes the drainage of accumulated fluid; Sargassum Thallus dissipates overflowing fluid; Trichosanthes Root reduces fluid-induced swelling. Additionally, Cladobotryum Mycelium, Perilla Seed, and Phytolaccae Radix—herbs that are pungent, bitter, and toxic—are used to strike directly at the root of the disease, vigorously expelling fluid qi so that it exits through the large and small intestines. However, this formula is applicable only to patients with strong constitution and robust vital energy; their edema will resolve accordingly. If the condition arises after a major illness due to Spleen Qi deficiency failing to control water, or Kidney Qi deficiency failing to transform and move water, it constitutes a different pattern, and this formula must not be taken; caution is essential.
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After recovery from a major illness, the patient frequently spits saliva, which persists for a long time without resolution. This is due to Cold in the chest region. Treatment should involve pill medicine to warm the interior, specifically Li Zhong Wan (Regulate the Middle Pill).
[Annotation]
After recovery from a major illness, frequent spitting of saliva that persists indefinitely is caused by Deficiency-Cold in the Stomach, which fails to transport and transform body fluids. The fluids condense to form saliva, resulting in chronic salivation. Li Zhong Wan (Regulate the Middle Pill) should be used to warm and tonify the Stomach, leading to recovery.
[Collected Annotations]
Cheng Zhi stated: After illness, Yang Qi is insufficient, and there is Deficiency-Cold in the Stomach, preventing the retention of body fluids, hence the frequent spitting and lack of resolution. The previous section used Mu Li Ze Xie San (Oyster Shell and Alisma Powder) because its dispersing nature targets the Lung to drain water downward; here, Li Zhong Wan is used as a pill because its warming nature targets the Stomach to consolidate saliva.
Yu Chang stated: Body fluids, due to Stomach Cold congealing, become turbid saliva. If left unresolved for a long time, the patient will inevitably become emaciated and withered. Therefore, decoctions for drastic purging are not used; instead, pills are used for slow, gradual treatment.
Zhang Lu stated: After recovery from Shang Han (Cold Damage), the body is often deficient with residual heat remaining, thus warming and tonifying methods are contraindicated. Even in cases of inherent Deficiency-Cold, only Li Zhong Wan (Regulate the Middle Pill) is suitable for regulation; Gui Zhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) and Fu Zi (Aconite Lateral Root) are rarely used lightly.
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After the resolution of Shang Han (Cold Damage), the patient presents with emaciation, shortness of breath, and rebellious Qi causing nausea/vomiting. Zhu Ye Shi Gao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) is the primary treatment.
[Annotation]
After the resolution of Shang Han (Cold Damage), emaciation indicates damage to the physical form by Cold; shortness of breath indicates damage to Qi by Heat; rebellious Qi and nausea indicate residual pathogenic factors carrying Fluid Retention invading the Stomach. Therefore, Zhu Ye Shi Gao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) is appropriate to tonify deficiency, clear heat, and descend rebellious Qi.
[Collected Annotations]
Fang Youzhi stated: After illness, emaciation and shortness of breath indicate that the Spleen and Stomach have not yet regained strength. Difficulty in digesting food leads to easy generation of Phlegm-Fluid. When Fluid Retention stagnates, it causes Qi rebellion, leading to nausea.
Cheng Zhi stated: After the resolution of Shang Han (Cold Damage), insufficiency of body fluids leads to emaciation; lingering residual heat damages Qi. Zhu Ye Shi Gao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) is given to harmonize the Stomach and eliminate deficient heat. The previous clause treated post-illness Deficiency-Cold, while this clause treats post-illness Deficiency-Heat.