茵陈蒿末十分 五苓散五分(方见痰饮中)
右二味和,先食饮服方寸匕,日三服。
【集解】
尤怡曰:此正治湿热成疸者之法,茵陈散热郁,五苓利湿瘀也。
@@@
黄疸病,小便色不变,欲自利,腹满而喘,不可除热,热除必哕,哕者小半夏汤主之
。
【注】
黄疸病小盒饭赤,今不赤而白,且欲自利,虽腹满而喘,是湿盛无热,阴黄证也。切
不可除热,若除热以凉药下之,则胃必寒而作哕。哕者主之以小半夏汤,以止哕也。
【集注】
李□曰:小便色不变欲自利,里无实可知,腹满而喘,脾气虚而肺气不利耳!用苦寒
药攻里除热,则胃寒而虚气上逆,故哕,宜小半夏汤散逆止哕。
高世栻曰:小便色不变,非赤也,欲自利,非下利也。若腹满而喘,虽似里实,不可
投寒剂以除热,如大黄硝石汤,不可用也。若投寒剂而除热,则必哕,哕,呃逆也。
半夏生姜辛温散寒,故哕者,当以小半夏汤主之也。
(见痰饮中)
@@@
黄疸之病,当以十八日为期,治之十日以上差,反剧为难治。
【注】
疸病属脾,脾主土,土无定位,寄旺于四季之末,各十八日。期之十八日者,土旺之
日也,政治十日以上当差,而不逾十八日之外也。若逾十八日不差而反剧者,则土衰
矣。故曰:难治。
【集注】
高世栻曰:十八日,乃脾土寄旺于四季之期,十日土之成数也,黄疸之病在于脾土,
故当以十八日为期。然治之宜先,故治之十日以上即当差。至十日以上不差,而疸病
反剧者,是谓难治,谓土气虚败不可治也。
@@@
谷疸之为病,寒热不食,食即头眩,心胸不安,久久发黄为谷疸,茵陈蒿汤主之。
【注】
此详申谷疸之为病也。未成谷疸之时,其人多病寒热,寒热作时,则不能食,寒热止
时,则或能食,虽能食,然食后即头晕目眩,心烦不安,此为湿瘀热郁而内蒸,将作
谷疸之征也。久久身面必发黄,为谷疸矣。宜茵陈蒿汤利下,使从大、小二便而出之
。
Coptidis Rhizoma powder (Yinchen Hao Mo) 10 parts, Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) 5 parts (formula see in Phlegm-Fluids section).
Mix the above two ingredients. Take one fangcun bi (a square-inch measure) with warm water before meals, three times a day.
[Collected Explanations]
You Yi stated: This is the correct treatment method for jaundice caused by damp-heat. Yinchen disperses heat stagnation, and Wuling San promotes the drainage of dampness stasis.
@@@
In jaundice disease, if the urine color remains unchanged, there is a desire for spontaneous diarrhea, abdominal fullness, and wheezing, heat-clearing methods must not be used. If heat is cleared forcibly, hiccups (yue) will inevitably occur; hiccups are primarily treated with Xiaobanxia Tang (Minor Ginger and Pinellia Decoction).
[Annotation]
In jaundice disease, urine should be reddish; now it is not red but white, and there is a desire for spontaneous diarrhea. Although there is abdominal fullness and wheezing, this indicates abundant dampness without heat, constituting a syndrome of Yin Jaundice. Heat-clearing methods must absolutely not be used. If cool medicines are used to purge and clear heat, the stomach will become cold and cause hiccups. For hiccups, Xiaobanxia Tang is the primary formula to stop them.
[Collected Notes]
Li [Name obscured] said: Unchanged urine color and desire for spontaneous diarrhea indicate no excess pathogen in the interior. Abdominal fullness and wheezing result from Spleen Qi deficiency and impaired Lung Qi movement. Using bitter-cold medicines to attack the interior and clear heat will cause Stomach cold and upward reversal of deficient Qi, leading to hiccups. It is appropriate to use Xiaobanxia Tang to descend rebellious Qi and stop hiccups.
Gao Shishi said: Unchanged urine color means it is not red; desire for spontaneous diarrhea does not mean actual diarrhea. If there is abdominal fullness and wheezing, although it resembles an interior excess syndrome, cold agents to clear heat, such as Dahuang Xiaoshi Tang (Rhubarb and Nitrostone Decoction), must not be administered. If cold agents are used to clear heat, hiccups will inevitably occur; hiccups refer to hiccupping. Pinellia and Fresh Ginger are acrid-warm and disperse cold; therefore, for hiccups, Xiaobanxia Tang should be primarily used.
(See Phlegm-Fluids section)
@@@
For jaundice disease, the duration should be set at eighteen days. If treated for more than ten days and the condition improves, but then worsens, it is difficult to treat.
[Annotation]
Jaundice disease belongs to the Spleen. The Spleen governs Earth. Earth has no fixed position but thrives at the end of each season, specifically the last eighteen days of each season. Setting the limit at eighteen days corresponds to the days when Earth Qi is prosperous. Treatment should lead to recovery within ten or more days, and certainly not beyond eighteen days. If the condition does not improve after eighteen days and instead worsens, it indicates that Earth Qi is declining. Therefore, it is said to be difficult to treat.
[Collected Notes]
Gao Shishi said: Eighteen days is the period when Spleen Earth thrives at the end of the four seasons. Ten is the completed number of Earth. Since jaundice disease resides in Spleen Earth, the duration should be set at eighteen days. However, treatment should be initiated early, so recovery should occur within ten or more days. If, after ten or more days, the condition does not improve and jaundice worsens, it is termed difficult to treat, meaning the Earth Qi is deficient and exhausted, making it incurable.
@@@
The disease of Grain Jaundice (Gu Dan) manifests as aversion to cold and fever, inability to eat, dizziness upon eating, and mental uneasiness in the chest and heart. After a long time, yellowing of the body occurs, which is diagnosed as Grain Jaundice, primarily treated with Yinchenhao Tang (Artemisiae Scopariae Decoction).
[Annotation]
This elaborates on the pathology of Grain Jaundice. Before the formation of Grain Jaundice, patients often suffer from alternating chills and fever. When these symptoms occur, they cannot eat; when they subside, they may be able to eat. Even if they can eat, dizziness and vertigo occur immediately after eating, accompanied by vexation and restlessness. This is a sign that dampness is stagnant and heat is郁 (stagnant), steaming internally, indicating the impending onset of Grain Jaundice. Eventually, the body and face will turn yellow, confirming the diagnosis of Grain Jaundice. Yinchenhao Tang should be used to promote urination and purgation, allowing pathogens to exit through both large and small bowels.