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29. Indications for purgation in Interior Syndromes: Constipation, aversion to cold (fear of cold) accompanied by tidal fever (fever at fixed times), profuse sweating, dry mouth and throat, delirium, abdominal distension, hardness, and pain. If the stool is loose, it indicates a Deficiency syndrome, and purgation must not be used.
[Note] The term "Interior Syndrome" refers to internal binding of heat pathogens, manifesting as constipation, aversion to cold with tidal fever, spontaneous profuse sweating, dry mouth and tongue, delirium, and abdominal distension, hardness, and pain. The Yangming Fu-organs (the functional system of the large intestine and other digestive organs) govern the Interior, hence it is called an Interior Syndrome. Among Interior Excess syndromes, there are Pi Yue (constipation due to insufficient Spleen Yin causing intestinal dryness), Wei Shi (gastric excess/heat accumulation leading to constipation), and Da Bian Nan (difficulty in defecation). These three conditions all fall under indications for purgation, though their severity differs. San Cheng Qi Tang (a collective name for Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Decoction, Xiao Cheng Qi Decoction, and Da Cheng Qi Decoction) and Pi Yue Wan should be selected according to the specific condition to avoid overtreatment. If the stool is loose, it indicates an Interior Deficiency syndrome; even if the aforementioned symptoms appear, purgation is contraindicated. The treatises mention several urgent purgation indications where purgation is administered without waiting for the stool to become completely solid; this is done to purge heat, not merely to remove stagnation. For detailed principles, see the chapters on Yangming and Shaoyin syndromes.

30. Manifestations of Yang Syndromes: The body feels light, breathing is rapid with high fever, eyes are clear and bright, face and lips are red, mental restlessness, dry mouth and tongue with thirst, red fingernails, and red urine.
[Note] The term "Yang Syndrome" refers to syndromes characterized by Yang-Heat. Regardless of whether they involve the Three Yin or Three Yang meridians, the presence of these symptoms indicates an excess of Yang-Heat. Yang governs movement, hence the body feels light. Abundant Yang Qi leads to rapid breathing and panting. Yang governs Heat, hence the breath from the mouth and nose is hot. Yang governs wakefulness, hence the eyes are clear and bright with difficulty sleeping. Cloudiness of vision can also occur when heat is extreme, causing a state of confusion resembling cloudiness, but this is necessarily accompanied by red eyes and excessive discharge, unlike the cloudiness of Yin syndromes which presents with shortness of spirit and lackluster gaze. Due to abundant Yang-Heat, the body is hot, and the face, lips, and nails are red. When Yang-Heat enters the interior, it causes mental restlessness, dry mouth, dry tongue, thirst, and red urine. In cases of Exterior Excess (excess pathogens at the exterior), San Huang Shi Gao Tang is used to disperse and resolve the exterior. In cases of Interior Excess (excess pathogens inside), San Cheng Qi Tang is used to purge and drain. In cases where neither the exterior nor interior is excess but heat is blazing, Bai Hu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) and Jie Du Tang (Detoxification Decoction) etc., are used to clear heat. For details, see the chapters on the Three Yang syndromes.