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Tidal fever (Chao Re) is like the tide of water; its onset is punctual. If it occurs once a day, specifically during the *Ri Bu* period (Shen and You hours, 3 PM to 7 PM), this is tidal fever. If it occurs three to five times a day, it is merely fever (Fa Re), not tidal fever.

Tidal fever arises when exterior pathogens transmit to the Yangming Stomach Fu organ, causing gastric excess and resulting in tidal fever. Since the Yangming channel is most vigorous during the Wei and Shen hours (1 PM to 5 PM), the fever manifests at *Ri Bu*. Therefore, tidal fever occurring at *Ri Bu* belongs to Yangming disease. Because it is Yangming, tidal fever is an indication for purgation (Xia Fa). The Classics state: "Where there is tidal fever, there is gastric excess." It also states: "Where there is tidal fever, the exterior is about to resolve, and the interior can be attacked." Furthermore: "If there is no tidal fever, Cangqi Tang should not be administered." Although tidal fever indeed belongs to interior excess and is an indication for purgation, if the pulse is floating and tight, with tidal fever accompanied by diarrhea, or if urination is difficult and stool is loose, or if tidal fever occurs during Yin and Mao hours (3 AM to 7 AM), it belongs to Shaoyang; if tidal fever occurs during Si and Wu hours (9 AM to 1 PM), it belongs to Taiyang. In all these cases, exterior pathogens have not fully entered the interior, so one must first release the exterior. Only after urination becomes smooth, stool becomes hard, and dryness-thirst appears, can one proceed to attack the interior.

Spontaneous sweating (Zi Han) refers to sweating naturally without the use of diaphoretic agents. Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) is Yang; it protects the skin, fills the interstices (Cou Li), and secures body fluids to prevent their reckless discharge. If pathogens interfere with Wei Qi, preventing it from guarding the exterior, the skin becomes lax, and the interstices become open. Consequently, clear fluids leak recklessly, dripping continuously and moistening the skin, which is called spontaneous sweating. Thus, wind, summerheat, and dampness pathogens invading the body all cause spontaneous sweating. However, patients with Cold Damage (Shang Han) typically do not sweat because the cold injures Ying (Nutritive) Qi but not Wei Qi, due to the storing nature of cold. If cold gradually enters the interior and transforms into heat, it also causes sweating, because heat promotes the circulation of Ying and Wei Qi, opens the interstices, and leads to sweat discharge. Nevertheless, spontaneous sweating has distinctions between exterior/interior and deficiency/excess. If sweating is accompanied by aversion to wind or slight aversion to cold, it indicates that the exterior pathogen has not resolved, and healing requires diaphoresis. If sweating continues unceasingly with aversion to wind, or if aversion to cold persists after sweating therapy, these are signs of exterior deficiency, requiring warming of the meridians to heal. Generally speaking, Wind Strike causes aversion to wind and spontaneous sweating; Dampness injury causes heavy body and spontaneous sweating; Summerheat stroke causes deficient pulse and spontaneous sweating; Heatstroke causes irritability, thirst, and spontaneous sweating; Damp-Warmth causes delirium and excessive sweating; Wind-Warmth causes snoring sleep and spontaneous sweating; Cholera causes vomiting, diarrhea, and spontaneous sweating; Soft Spasm (Rou Jing) causes spasms and spontaneous sweating; Yangming disease causes tidal fever and spontaneous sweating; Yin deficiency causes fatigue and spontaneous sweating; Yang collapse causes unceasing leakage of sweat. Each condition is detailed in its respective section, so they are not elaborated here. If sweat drips like beads strung together, accompanied by incessant panting, this is a sign of severed Wei Qi and is incurable.