茯苓(去皮) 泽泻(各一两) 滑石(四两) 白术(炒) 猪苓(去皮) 桂心(炒,
各五钱)
石膏 寒水石(各二两)
夏月引饮过多,小便不利,湿热为患者,此方主之。
三石所以清六腑之热,五苓所以利三焦之湿。河间此方,诚治湿热之简捷者。张子和加
人参、甘草,因其脉虚;干葛之加,解其暑渴;木香之加,化其湿气。
砂仁 草果仁 乌梅肉 炙甘草(各四两) 扁豆(炒) 干葛(各二两)
夏月伏热,为酒食所伤者,此方主之。
砂仁、草果,所以消肉食;乌梅、干葛,却暑而除烦;扁豆、甘草,助脾而益胃。
砂仁 半夏 杏仁 人参 白术 甘草 藿香 木瓜 浓朴 扁豆 赤茯苓
夏月病患霍乱转筋,呕吐泄泻,寒热交作,倦怠嗜卧;伏暑烦闷,小便赤涩,或利或渴
;中酒,胎产,皆可服之。
六和者,和六腑也;脾胃者,六腑之总司,故凡六腑不和之病,先于脾胃而调之。此知
务之医也。香能开胃窍,故用藿、砂;辛能散逆气,故用半、杏;淡能利湿热,故用茯、瓜;
甘
则呕吐除,利湿调脾,则二便治;补虚去弱,则胃气复而诸疾平。盖脾胃一治,则水精四布
,五经并行,虽百骸九窍,皆太平矣,况于六腑乎?
叙曰∶湿有内外,有阴阳,有上下,今考七方,言其常耳,未及其变也。东南卑下之区
,十病九湿,恶能尽其变耶?此在临证而加察焉可也。
Poria (with skin removed) [Fuling] (1 liang), Alisma Rhizome [Zexie] (1 liang), Talcum [Huashi] (4 liang), Atractylodis Rhizoma [Baizhu] (stir-fried), Polyporus [Zhuling] (with skin removed), Cinnamon Twig [Guixin] (stir-fried, 5 qian each for Poria and Alisma; note: text implies specific dosages per herb or grouped, here interpreted as listed).
Gypsum Fibrosum [Shigao], Arsenolite [Han Shui Shi] (2 liang each).
In summer, excessive drinking of water leads to dysuria (difficult urination) and pathogenic damp-heat; this formula is indicated.
The "Three Stones" (Talcum, Gypsum Fibrosum, Arsenolite) clear heat from the Six Fu-organs; Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) promotes diuresis to drain dampness from the Triple Burner. Liu Wan-su's (Hejian) formulation is indeed a simple and effective method for treating damp-heat. Zhang Zihe added Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma [Renshen] and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma [Gancao] because the pulse was deficient; he added Kudzu Root [Gegen] to relieve summerheat thirst; he added Aucklandiae Radix [Muxiang] to transform dampness.
Amomi Fructus [Sharen], Tsaoko Fructus [Caoguo Ren], Prunus Mume [Wumei Rou], Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma [Gancao] (prepared with honey, 4 liang each), Dolichos Lablab Seed [Bian Dou] (stir-fried), Kudzu Root [Gegen] (2 liang each).
In summer, latent heat in the body, or injury caused by alcohol and improper diet; this formula is indicated.
Amomi Fructus and Tsaoko Fructus eliminate meat stagnation; Prunus Mume and Kudzu Root dispel summerheat and remove vexation; Dolichos Lablab Seed and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma assist the Spleen and benefit the Stomach.
Amomi Fructus [Sharen], Pinellia Rhizome [Banxia], Apricot Seed [Xing Ren], Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma [Renshen], Atractylodis Rhizoma [Baizhu], Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma [Gancao], Agastegher Herba [Huoxiang], Papaya [Mugua], Magnolia Bark [Houpo], Dolichos Lablab Seed [Bian Dou], Red Poria [Chifuling].
In summer, patients suffering from cholera-like syndrome with muscle spasms (twisting tendons), vomiting and diarrhea, alternating chills and fever, fatigue and desire to lie down; or summerheat retention causing vexation, red and scanty urine, or diarrhea or thirst; also applicable for drunkenness, pregnancy, and postpartum conditions.
"Liu He" (Six Harmonies) means harmonizing the Six Fu-organs; the Spleen and Stomach are the masters of the Six Fu-organs' functions. Therefore, for any disease of disharmony in the Six Fu-organs, treatment should first focus on regulating the Spleen and Stomach. This reflects the medical philosophy of Zhiwu. Aromatic herbs open the stomach orifices, hence Huoxiang and Sharen are used; pungent herbs disperse rebellious Qi, hence Banxia and Xing Ren are used; bland herbs promote diuresis and drain damp-heat, hence Fuling and Mugua are used; sweet herbs stop vomiting; draining dampness and regulating the Spleen regulates bowel movements and urination; tonifying deficiency and removing weakness restores Stomach Qi, thereby calming various diseases. Once the Spleen and Stomach are regulated, fluids and essence distribute to all parts, and the Five Meridians circulate smoothly. Although the hundred bones and nine orifices will be at peace, how much more so the Six Fu-organs?
Preface: Dampness has internal and external origins, yin and yang characteristics, and upper and lower locations. The current examination of the Seven Formulas discusses only the general principles, not the variations. In the low-lying regions of the Southeast, nine out of ten illnesses are due to dampness; how can one exhaustively describe all variations? This requires careful observation during clinical practice.