Library

Yang Xin, courtesy name Jingyuan, was of unknown origin. He had lofty aspirations and loved Confucian scholarship; his character was honest and upright, and he was proficient in herbal prescriptions. He handled affairs with meticulous care and precision, and his diagnostic and therapeutic skills were exquisite. His miraculous efficacy in saving and relieving others led to multiple promotions, eventually reaching the ranks of Zhongsan Dafu (Attendant Gentleman) and Governor of Yixing.

Qin Chengzu, whose commandery of origin is unknown, possessed a straightforward and principled character with decisive judgment. Prominent figures of the time all submitted to him. He specialized in the arts of medicine and was skilled in herbal prescriptions, treating patients regardless of their social status. At that time, he was referred to as "Shangshou" (Master Hand) (Source: *Book of Song*).

Zhang Zixin was from Henei. He was tranquil and fond of literature, gaining fame for his medical skills at a young age. During the Taining era, he was conscripted to serve as Shangyao Dianyu (Director of Imperial Medicines) (Source: *Book of Qi*).

Gu Huan, courtesy name Xuanping, was from Wu Commandery. He lived in seclusion at Baishi Village, Yin County, Mount Kuaiji. Gu Huan adhered to faith and benevolence and was known for his Daoist demeanor. Some sought his help through exorcistic rituals, which often resulted in preservation and protection. When asked about patients suffering from pathogenic evils, Gu Huan said, "Do you have books at home?" The person replied, "Only the *Classic of Filial Piety*." Gu Huan instructed, "Take it and place it by the patient's pillow with reverence; the illness will heal itself." Following this advice, the patient indeed recovered. When asked for the reason, Gu Huan explained, "Goodness can ward off evil; righteous energy overcomes pathogenic factors" (Source: Wu Jun's *Qi Chunqiu*).

Li Yuanzhong, General of Agile Cavalry and concurrently Chancellor of the Secretariat, Earl of Jinyang County, was from Baren, Zhao Commandery. Initially, because his mother was old and frequently ill, he collected various medical formulas and techniques. His nature was benevolent and forgiving; he treated illnesses without distinction between noble and humble statuses (Source: *Book of Northern Qi*).

Li Mi, Minister of the Palace Interior, Governor of Jizhou, and Marquis of Rongcheng County, with an appanage of four hundred households, courtesy name Hi Yong, was from Pingji. Li Mi was upright and possessed high moral conduct. When his mother suffered from chronic illness for years without recovery, he studied classical prescriptions and mastered their subtleties, thereby saving and protecting many people, which brought him fame.

Cui Jishu, courtesy name Shuzheng, was from Anping, Boling. Orphaned at a young age, he was intelligent, quick-witted, and knowledgeable. He browsed extensively through classics and history, loved literature, and excelled in correspondence. He had talent for governing the world and was skilled in medicine, classical prescriptions, and materia medica. He reviewed these texts and treated patients for salvation regardless of their social status (Source: *Book of Northern Qi*).

Zu Geng, courtesy name Xiaozheng, was from You, Fan Commandery. He was erudite, skilled in writing, and particularly proficient in medical arts (Source: *Book of Northern Qi*).

Chu Cheng, Minister of the Southern Qi and Governor of Wu Commandery, courtesy name Yantong, was talented and possessed great bearing. He widely studied classical prescriptions and was skilled in medicine. In diagnosis and prescription, he investigated the root causes of diseases and exhausted the principles of treatment. He treated patients without regard to status, always first assessing their physical and emotional states (suffering or joy), social standing (prosperity or decline), local customs, climatic suitability, and the strength of their Qi and Blood before prescribing medication. For widows, monks, and nuns, his treatment methods necessarily differed from those used for wives' relatives.

Deng Xuanwen, of unknown origin, gained fame for his medical skills in his youth. His character was upright and direct, and he was appointed as Taiyi Shangyao Dianyu (Imperial Physician and Director of Medicines) (Source: *Book of Northern Qi*).