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The back is a Yang region and also the pathway of the Du Meridian (Governor Vessel). In the human body, Qi is Yang, while Blood is Yin. If Yang Qi declines and Yin becomes predominant, the meridians and collaterals become obstructed. Consequently, after every meal, the refined essence derived from food fails to undergo normal transformation and instead turns into Phlegm-Dampness. This lingers in the meridians and collaterals, flows into the back, causing diffuse swelling and dull pain, which is extremely difficult to dissipate. For those with strong constitutions, although suppuration may be delayed, recovery is still possible. For those with weak constitutions, only two or three out of ten may survive.

The end of the Large Intestine is the anus; the Lung and Large Intestine are exterior-interiorly related, and Qi is primarily governed by the Lung. Generally, overwork combined with fasting, carrying heavy loads over long distances, or excessive exertion too soon after illness all damage Yuan Qi (Primordial Qi). When Qi is damaged, Dampness gathers; when Dampness gathers, Heat arises. The nature of Heat is to flare upward, while Dampness tends to sink downward. Penetrating into the Large Intestine, this forms a fistula (a chronic tunnel-like tract), which periodically discharges pus and fluid. Fistulas resulting from prolonged coughing are difficult to treat. For those with solid constitutions, rather than undergoing knife surgery or seton therapy, it is preferable to internally administer Xiaolou Wan (Eliminate Fistula Pill) (see formula below), which will gradually take effect over time.

On the medial and lateral aspects of the tibia, due to Spleen deficiency and excessive Dampness transforming into Heat, pathogenic factors accumulate in the Blood level, forming sores (ulcers). Initially, red patches appear; upon rupture, foul-smelling fluid drains out, making the condition extremely persistent and hard to cure. Some cases involve Qi deficiency with sinking, leading to difficulty in wound closure. If robust women suffer from this, with continuous bleeding from the sore, it is often because Tian Gui (Menstrual Menses) is approaching, causing menstrual blood to flow irregularly and deviate from its normal course. Such cases are particularly resistant to treatment and require internal administration of Blood-cooling and Heat-clearing formulas. During Spring and Summer, when Yang Qi ascends and disperses, treatment requires considerable effort. After entering Autumn and Winter, when the body's skin and pores become tight and secure, treatment becomes easier. Externally, apply Huangling Dan (Yellow Spirit Elixir) and Shengshi Dan (Dampness-Overcoming Elixir). These formulas are recorded in *Qingnang Ji*.

The Kidney governs the bones, and the Lung governs Qi. The congenital foundation belongs to the Kidney. Kidney deficiency inevitably steals Lung Qi. If the Lung is damaged and cannot nourish downwards, the mother and child organs harm each other. Thus, improper regulation after illness, or prolonged coughing damaging Qi, can cause a high bone to suddenly appear on the chest, gradually protruding into Pigeon Chest (Pectus Excavatum/Carinatum). This may occur in both men and women, but it is most common in children with insufficient congenital constitution. At the onset, moxibustion should be applied to the external bony prominence (acupuncture needles must strictly be avoided). Internally, administer Bufe Yangyin Tang (Tonify Lung and Nourish Yin Decoction) (see formula below).