1=标题= 十四经发挥卷下 奇经八脉篇脉有奇常，十二经者，常脉也。奇经八脉，则不拘於常，故谓之奇经。盖以人之气血，常行於十二经脉，其诸经满溢，则流入奇经焉。奇经有八脉：督脉督於後，任脉於前，冲脉为诸脉之海，阳维则维络诸阳，阴维则维络诸阴，阴阳自相维持，则诸经常调；维脉之外有带脉者，束之犹带也；至於两足 脉，有阴有阳，阳 行诸太阳之别，阴 本诸少阴之别；譬犹圣人，图设沟渠，以备水潦，斯无滥溢之患，人有奇经，亦若是也。今总集奇经八脉所发者，气穴处所。共成一篇，附之发挥之後，以备通考云。
2=标题= 督脉督脉者：起於小腹以下骨中央，女子以系廷孔之端。其络循阴器，合篡间，绕篡後，别绕臀，至少阴，与巨阳中络者合少阴，上腹内後廉，贯脊属肾，与太阳起目内眦，上额交巅上，入络脑，还出别下项，循肩 内，挟脊抵腰中，入循膂络肾，其男子循茎下至篡，与女子等。其少腹直上者，贯脐中央，上贯心，入喉，上颐环唇，上系两目之中。此生病，从少腹上冲心而痛，不得前後为冲疝，其女子不孕，癃痔，遗溺，嗌乾，治在督脉。ｏ督脉之别，名曰长强，侠膂，上项而散，上头，下当肩胛左右，别走太阳，入贯膂。实则脊强，虚则头重，取之所别；故难经曰：督脉者，起於下极之腧。并於脊 ，上至风府，入属於脑，上巅，循额至鼻柱，属阳脉之海也。此为病，令人脊强反折。ｏ督脉，从头循脊骨入侱，长四尺五寸，凡二十七穴。
按内经督脉所发者二十八穴，据法，十椎下一穴名中枢，阴尾骨两傍二穴名长强，共有二十九穴，今多龈交一穴，少中枢一穴，会阳二穴，则系督脉别络，与少阳会，故止载二十七穴。穴已见前
2=标题= 任脉任脉者，与冲脉皆起於胞中，循脊 ，为经络之海，其浮而外者，循腹上行，会於咽喉，别而络唇口。血气盛，则肌肉热。血独盛，则渗灌皮肤生毫毛。妇人有馀於气，不足於血，以其月事数下，任冲并伤故也。任冲之交脉，不营其口唇，故髭须不生，是以任脉为病，男子内结七疝，女子带下瘕聚；故难经曰，任脉起於中极之下，以上毛际。循腹 ，上关元，至咽喉，上颐，循面入目，属阴脉之海。ｏ凡此任脉之行，从胞中上注目，长四尺五寸，总二十四穴。穴见前按内经云，任脉所发者二十八穴，经阙一穴，实有二十七穴，内龈交一穴，属督脉，承注二穴属足阳明 脉，故止载二十四穴。穴己见前
2=标题= 阳 脉阳 脉者：起於跟中，循外踝上行，入风池。其为病也：令人阴缓而阳急。两足 脉，本太阳之别，合於太阳，其气上行，气并相还，则为濡目，气不营则目不合；男子数其阳，女子数其阴，当数者为经，不当数者为络也。 脉长八尺。所发之穴：生於申脉（外踝下关足太阴经），以辅阳为俕（外踝上），本於仆叁（跟骨下），与足少阴会於居侫（章门下），又与手阳明会於肩侳及巨骨（并在肩端），又与手足太阳阳维会于 俞（在肩侫後胛骨上廉），与手足阳明会于地仓（口吻两旁），又与手足阳明会于巨侫（鼻两旁），又与任脉足阳明会于承泣（目下七分），以上为阳 脉之所发，凡二十穴，阳 脉病者宜刺之。
2=标题= 阴 脉阴 脉者：亦起於跟中，循内踝上行，至咽喉，交贯冲脉。此为病者：令人阳缓而阴急。故曰 脉者，少阴之别，别於然谷之後，上内踝之上，直上循阴股入阴，上循胸 ，入缺盆，上出人迎之前，入鼻，属目内眦，合於太阳。女子以之为经，男子以为络。两足 脉，长八尺，而阴 之俕在交信内踝上二寸，阴 脉病者取此。
2=标题= 冲脉冲脉者：与任脉皆起於胞中，上循脊 ，为经络之海，其浮於外者，循腹上行，会於咽喉，别而络唇口。故曰，冲脉者，起於气冲，并足少阴之经，挟脐上行，至胸中而散。此为病：令人逆气 急。难经则曰，并足阳明之经，以穴考之，足阳明挟脐左右各二寸而上行，足少阴挟脐左右各五分而上行，针经所载，冲脉与督脉，同起於会阴，其在腹也，行乎幽门，通谷，阴都，石关，商曲，肓俞，中注，四满，气穴，大赫，横骨，凡二十二穴，皆足少阴之分也。然则冲脉，并足少阴之经明矣。
2=标题= 阳维脉阳维，维於阳，其脉起於诸阳之会，与阴维皆维络于身。若阳不能维于阳，则溶溶不能自收持。其脉气所发：别于金门（在足外踝下太阳之俕），以阳交为俕（在外踝上七寸），与手足太阳及 脉会于 俞（肩後胛上廉），与手足少阳会于天侸（在缺盆上），又会于肩井（肩上），其在头也，与足少阳会于阳白（在肩上），上于本神及临泣，上至正营，循于脑空，下至风池，其与督脉会，则在风府及係门。难经云，阳维为病，苦寒热。ｏ此阳维脉气所发，凡二十四穴。
2=标题= 阴维脉阴维，维於阴，其脉起於诸阴之交，阴若不能维于阴，则怅然失志。其脉气所发者，阴维之，名曰筑宾见足少阴，与足太阴会於腹哀，大横，又与足太阴厥阴会于府舍，期门，与任脉会于天突，廉泉，难经云，阴维为病，苦心痛。ｏ此阴维脉气所发，凡十二穴。
2=标题= 带脉带脉者，起於季侸，回身一周。其为病也：腰腹纵容，如囊水之状。其脉气所发，在季侸下一寸八分，正名带脉，以其回身一周如带也，又与足少阳会于维道，此带脉所发，凡四穴。
以上杂取素问，难经，甲乙经，圣济总录中，叁合为篇。
Volume II of Shi Jing Fa Hui (Elucidation of the Fourteen Meridians): Chapter on the Eight Extraordinary Vessels
There are regular and extraordinary pulses. The Twelve Regular Meridians belong to the regular pulses. The Eight Extraordinary Vessels are not bound by regular constraints, hence they are called "Extraordinary Vessels." Generally, human Qi and Blood normally circulate within the Twelve Regular Meridians; when the Qi and Blood in these meridians become full and overflow, they flow into the Extraordinary Vessels. There are eight Extraordinary Vessels: The Du Mai (Governing Vessel) is located posteriorly, the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel) is located anteriorly, the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel) is the Sea of all Vessels, the Yang Wei Mai (Yang Linking Vessel) links and maintains all Yang meridians, and the Yin Wei Mai (Yin Linking Vessel) links and maintains all Yin meridians. When Yin and Yang maintain each other, the regular meridians remain harmonious. Outside the Linking Vessels lies the Dai Mai (Girdle Vessel), which binds the body like a belt. Regarding the Qiao Mai (Shock Vessels) of the two feet, there are Yin Qiao and Yang Qiao; the Yang Qiao Mai travels along the branch collaterals of the Taiyang (Greater Yang) meridian, while the Yin Qiao Mai originates from the branch collaterals of the Shaoyin (Lesser Yin) meridian. This is akin to sages planning and digging ditches to prevent waterlogging, thereby avoiding floods; similarly, humans have Extraordinary Vessels for this same purpose. Now, summarizing the acupoints where the Qi of the Eight Extraordinary Vessels emerges, we form one chapter, appended after the Elucidations, for comprehensive examination.
Du Mai (Governing Vessel)
The Du Mai originates below the lower abdomen at the central bone. In women, it connects to the end of the Ting Kong (opening of the urethra). Its collateral circulation passes through the genitalia, converges at the Cuan Jian (perianal region), circles around the anus posteriorly, branches to circle the buttocks, reaches the Shaoyin (Kidney) meridian, and combines with the middle collateral of the Juyang (Bladder) meridian. It enters the abdominal interior along the posterior margin, penetrates the spine, and attaches to the Kidneys. Together with the Taiyang meridian, it starts at the inner canthus of the eye, ascends to the forehead, intersects at the vertex, enters to network the brain, re-emerges, descends separately to the nape, follows the medial aspect of the shoulder blades, flanks the spine to reach the loins, enters deeply to follow the paraspinal muscles, and networks the Kidneys. In men, it follows the penis downward to the perineum, identical to the path in women. The straight ascending branch pierces the center of the umbilicus, ascends through the Heart, enters the throat, ascends to the chin, circles the lips, and ascends to connect the midpoint between the eyes. Pathologies of this vessel include Qi rushing upward from the lower abdomen to the heart causing pain, inability to pass urine or stool, known as "Chong Hernia"; in women, it manifests as infertility, strangury, hemorrhoids, urinary incontinence, and dryness of the pharynx. Treatment should focus on the Du Mai. ○ The collateral of the Du Mai is named Chang Qiang. It flanks the back muscles, ascends to the neck and disperses, goes up to the head, and descends below the left and right scapulae, departing to join the Taiyang meridian and penetrating the back muscles. Excess conditions manifest as spinal rigidity, deficiency conditions as heavy head; treatment involves selecting the point of departure of the collateral. Thus, the Nan Jing states: The Du Mai originates at the Shu point of the lower extreme [Chang Qiang]. It runs parallel to the spine, ascends to Feng Fu, enters and attaches to the brain, goes up to the vertex, follows the forehead to the nasal bridge, and belongs to the Sea of Yang Vessels. Disease of this vessel causes spinal rigidity and opisthotonos. ○ The Du Mai runs from the head down the spinal column, measuring four chi five cun, with twenty-seven acupoints in total.
According to the Nei Jing, the Du Mai has twenty-eight emerging points. By calculation, one point below the tenth thoracic vertebra is named Zhong Shu, and two points beside the coccyx are named Chang Qiang, totaling twenty-nine points. Currently, there is one extra point, Yin Jiao, and one missing point, Zhong Shu, plus the two Hui Yang points, which belong to the collateral of the Du Mai and intersect with the Shaoyang meridian; therefore, only twenty-seven points are recorded. Acupoints are listed previously.
Ren Mai (Conception Vessel)
The Ren Mai, together with the Chong Mai, originates in the Bao Zhong (uterus/pelvic cavity), travels within the spine, and serves as the Sea of the Meridians. Its superficial branch ascends along the abdomen, converges at the throat, and branches to network the lips and mouth. Abundant Qi and Blood cause heat in the muscles. If Blood alone is abundant, it seeps into the skin, generating fine hair. Women have excess Qi but deficient Blood due to frequent menstruation, injuring both the Ren and Chong vessels. The intersecting vessels of Ren and Chong do not nourish the lips and mouth, hence facial hair does not grow. Therefore, pathology of the Ren Mai presents as seven types of internal hernias in men, and leukorrhea and mass accumulation in women. Thus, the Nan Jing states: The Ren Mai originates below the Zhong Ji point, ascends to the pubic hairline, follows the abdominal midline, passes Guan Yuan, reaches the throat, ascends to the chin, follows the face into the eyes, and belongs to the Sea of Yin Vessels. ○ The course of the Ren Mai described above, from the Bao Zhong ascending to the eyes, measures four chi five cun, with a total of twenty-four acupoints. Acupoints are listed previously.
According to the Nei Jing, the Ren Mai has twenty-eight emerging points. One point is missing in the text, leaving twenty-seven actual points. Among them, Yin Jiao belongs to the Du Mai, and Cheng Qi (two points) belong to the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian; thus, only twenty-four points are recorded. Acupoints are listed previously.
Yang Qiao Mai (Yang Shock Vessel)
The Yang Qiao Mai originates in the middle of the heel, ascends along the lateral malleolus, and enters Feng Chi. Its pathology causes relaxation of the Yin side and tension of the Yang side. The Qiao Mai vessels of both feet originate from the branch collaterals of the Taiyang Bladder Meridian and merge with the Taiyang. Their Qi ascends; when Qi merges and returns, it nourishes the eyes. If Qi fails to nourish, the eyes cannot close. Men count their Yang Qiao, women count their Yin Qiao; the ones counted are the Jing (Regular) vessels, and those not counted are the Luo (Collateral) vessels. The Yang Qiao Mai is eight chi long. Emerging acupoints: Shen Mai (below the lateral malleolus, associated with the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian), Yang Jiao as Xi-Cleft point (seven cun above the lateral malleolus), Pu Can (below the calcaneus), merging with Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian at Ju Liao (below Zhang Men), merging with Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian at Jian Yu and Ju Gu (both at the shoulder tip), merging with Hand-Foot Taiyang and Yang Wei Mai at Tian Zong (upper border of scapula posterior to Jian Yu), merging with Hand-Foot Yangming at Di Cang (sides of the mouth corner), merging with Hand-Foot Yangming at Ju Liao (sides of the nose), and merging with Ren Mai and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian at Cheng Qi (seven fen below the eye). These are the emerging points of the Yang Qiao Mai, totaling twenty acupoints. Points should be needled for Yang Qiao Mai pathologies.
Yin Qiao Mai (Yin Shock Vessel)
The Yin Qiao Mai also originates in the middle of the heel, ascends along the medial malleolus, reaches the throat, and intersects with the Chong Mai. Its pathology causes relaxation of the Yang side and tension of the Yin side. Thus, the Qiao Mai is described as a branch collateral of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, branching off behind Ran Gu, ascending above the medial malleolus, going straight up along the medial thigh into the genitalia, ascending along the chest and hypochondrium, entering the Supraclavacular Fossa, ascending before Ying Man, entering the nose, attaching to the inner canthus, and combining with the Taiyang Bladder Meridian. For women, this vessel acts as a Jing vessel; for men, as a Luo vessel. The Yin Qiao Mai vessels of both feet are eight chi long. The Xi-Cleft point of the Yin Qiao Mai is Jiao Xin (two cun above the medial malleolus); for Yin Qiao Mai pathology, select this point.
Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel)
The Chong Mai, together with the Ren Mai, originates in the Bao Zhong, ascends within the spine, and serves as the Sea of the Meridians. Its superficial branch ascends along the abdomen, converges at the throat, and branches to network the lips and mouth. Thus, it is said that the Chong Mai originates at Qi Chong, runs alongside the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, flanks the umbilicus upward, and disperses in the chest. Its pathology causes rebellious Qi and rapid breathing. The Nan Jing states it runs alongside the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. Examining the acupoints, the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian runs two cun lateral to the umbilicus on both sides, while the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian runs five fen lateral to the umbilicus on both sides. The Zhen Jing records that the Chong Mai and Du Mai both originate at Hui Yin. In the abdomen, it travels through You Men, Tong Gu, Yin Du, Shi Guan, Shang Qu, Huang Shu, Zhong Zhu, Si Man, Qi Xue, Da He, and Heng Gu, totaling twenty-two acupoints, all belonging to the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian domain. Therefore, it is clear that the Chong Mai runs alongside the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian.
Yang Wei Mai (Yang Linking Vessel)
The Yang Wei Mai links the Yang meridians. It originates at the intersections of all Yang meridians and, together with the Yin Wei Mai, links and maintains the whole body. If Yang cannot link the Yang, the body becomes flaccid and unable to support itself. Emerging acupoints: Departing from Jin Men (below the lateral malleolus, Xi-Cleft point of Taiyang), with Yang Jiao as the Xi-Cleft point (seven cun above the lateral malleolus), meeting the Hand-Foot Taiyang and Yang Qiao Mai at Tian Zong (upper border of scapula posterior), meeting the Hand-Foot Shaoyang at Tian Liao (above the supraclavicular fossa), and meeting at Jian Jing (on the shoulder). In the head, it meets the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian at Yang Bai (above the shoulder, note: text error likely, Yang Bai is on forehead), ascending to Ben Shen and Lin Qi, reaching Zheng Ying, following Nao Kong, descending to Feng Chi. It meets the Du Mai at Feng Fu and Xi Men. The Nan Jing states: Yang Wei Mai pathology suffers from alternating chills and fever. ○ The emerging points of the Yang Wei Mai Qi total twenty-four.
Yin Wei Mai (Yin Linking Vessel)
The Yin Wei Mai links the Yin meridians. It originates at the intersections of all Yin meridians. If Yin cannot link the Yin, one feels despondent and loses will. Emerging acupoints: The Xi-Cleft point of the Yin Wei Mai is named Zhu Bin, seen in the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian. It meets the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian at Fu Ai and Da Heng. It meets the Foot-Taiyin and Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridians at Fu She and Qi Men. It meets the Ren Mai at Tian Tu and Lian Quan. The Nan Jing states: Yin Wei Mai pathology suffers from heart pain. ○ The emerging points of the Yin Wei Mai Qi total twelve.
Dai Mai (Girdle Vessel)
The Dai Mai originates at the Flank (Ji Shu), circling the body once. Its pathology causes laxity of the waist and abdomen, resembling a bag holding water. Its emerging acupoint is located one cun eight fen below the flank, named Dai Mai, because it circles the body like a belt. It meets the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian at Wei Dao. The emerging points of the Dai Mai total four.
The above content synthesizes excerpts from Su Wen, Nan Jing, Jia Yi Jing, and Sheng Ji Zong Lu into one chapter.