味苦。主阴痿。一名乌葵。如兰香，赤茎。生山阳，五月十五日采，阴干。
味酸，无毒。主痹寒寒热，止咳。一名无心。生田中下地，浓华肥茎。
味酸，平，无毒。主除留血，惊气蛇痫。生大水之阳，四月采花，八月采根
味咸，温，无毒。主轻身，益阴气，疗痹寒湿。生河水旁，如龙刍，冬夏生。
味咸，平，无毒。主益气力，多子，轻身长年。生常山，七月八月采实。
可使独守，叱咄人，寇盗不敢入门。生常山北，八月采。
味甘，平，无毒。主轻身，益气长年。生故稻田中，日夜有光，草中有膏。
味甘，温，无毒。主益气，阴痿。生山泽中，状如兰实，如大豆赤色。
味苦，无毒。主轻身，益气。洗浴烂疮，疗风水。一名白气。春生，秋花白，
主疗痈肿盛热，煮洗之。生木间，三月生，大叶如蛇床，四四相值，但折枝种之便生，
五月花白，实核赤，三月三日采。
味甘，温，无毒。主出汗，止泻，疗闷。一名乌粟，一名雀粟。生人家庭中，叶如枣，
一岁九熟，七月采。
味酸，平，无毒。主轻身，益气长年。生蔓木上，叶黄有毛，冬生。
(1) Bitter in taste. Indicated for impotence (Yin Wei). Also known as Wu Kui. Resembles Lan Xiang, with red stems. Grows on the sunny side of mountains; harvested on the 15th day of the fifth lunar month and dried in the shade.
(2) Sour in taste, non-toxic. Indicated for Bi syndrome (obstruction syndrome), alternating cold and heat, and cough. Also known as Wu Xin. Grows in low-lying areas of fields, with dense flowers and thick stems.
(3) Sour in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for eliminating retained blood and treating Jing Qi She Xian (a type of epilepsy triggered by fright). Grows on the northern bank of large bodies of water; flowers are harvested in the fourth lunar month, roots in the eighth lunar month.
(4) Salty in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for promoting lightness of the body, benefiting Yin Qi, and treating Bi syndrome with cold-dampness. Grows beside river waters, resembling Long Chu (a type of grass), evergreen in winter and summer.
(5) Salty in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for augmenting Qi and strength, increasing fertility, promoting lightness of the body, and prolonging life. Grows at Chang Shan; fruits are harvested in the seventh and eighth lunar months.
(6) Can be kept alone to guard against intruders; if shouted at or driven away, thieves dare not enter. Grows on the north side of Chang Shan; harvested in the eighth lunar month.
(7) Non-toxic. Indicated for Bi syndrome, augmenting Qi, and stimulating appetite. Grows in Long Xi.
(8) Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for promoting lightness of the body, augmenting Qi, and prolonging life. Grows in old rice paddies, emitting light day and night, with a resinous substance within the herb.
(9) Sweet in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for augmenting Qi and treating impotence. Grows in mountain marshes, resembling the fruit of Lan Hua, reddish like soybeans.
(10) Bitter in taste, non-toxic. Indicated for promoting lightness of the body and augmenting Qi. Used for washing ulcerated sores and treating Feng Shui (wind-water edema). Also known as Bai Qi. Sprouts in spring, blooms white in autumn.
Indicated for treating severe heat in carbuncles and swellings; decocted for external washing. Grows among trees, sprouting in March, with large leaves resembling She Chuang (Cnidium fruit); four leaves oppose each other, propagating easily from cuttings. Blooms white in May, seeds have red kernels; harvested on the third day of the third lunar month.
(11) Pungent in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for cough with reverse flow of Qi and lung injury. Grows on the shady side of mountains. Roots resemble Xi Xin (Asarum).
(12) Sweet in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for inducing sweating, arresting diarrhea, and relieving chest oppression. Also known as Wu Su, also known as Que Su. Grows in human dwellings, leaves resemble jujube, ripens nine times a year; harvested in July.
(13) Sour in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for promoting lightness of the body, augmenting Qi, and prolonging life. Grows on climbing woody plants, yellow hairy leaves, evergreen in winter.
(14) Indicated for promoting lightness of the body and prolonging life. Grows near sweet springs on famous mountains, in shaded locations. Stems have five leaves, green and lustrous. Roots are reddish-yellow. Can dissolve jade; also known as
(15) Sweet in taste, non-toxic. Indicated for Wei Bi (flaccidity and obstruction), alternating cold and heat, and removing black spots. Grows on fences or trees, leaves resemble Kai Cai (Chinese cabbage), stems have angles, juice is white.