主石淋。生九江池泽，取无时。
味甘，寒，无毒。主湿痹，面目浮肿，下大水，疗五痔，有疮者不可食，令人瘢白。一
名铜鱼。生九江池泽，取无时。
味辛，臭，温，无毒。主坠堕，腿蹶， 折瘀血，血痹在四肢不散者，女子崩中血不止，
勿令中咸。
味甘，无毒，主百病。
味甘，大温，无毒。主补中，益血，疗沈唇。五月五日取头骨烧之。止痢。
主诸疮，烧以酱汁和涂之，或取猪脂煎用。又主肠痈。头灰∶主小儿头疮，口疮，重舌，
目翳。一名鲋鱼。合 作羹，主胃弱，不下食；作脍。主久赤白痢。
味咸，平，无毒。主目瞑痒痛，疗淋，利水道，明目，夜视有精光。久服，令人喜乐，
媚好，无忧。一名蝙蝠。生太山川谷，及人家屋间，立夏后采，阴干。
味辛，寒，无毒。主面痈肿，皮肤洗洗时痛，腹中血气，破寒热积聚，除惊悸，去面黑
。一名鼠法，一名石肝。生合浦山谷，十月十二月取。
味苦，平，无毒。主五痔，阴蚀，下血赤白五色，血汁不止，阴肿痛引腰背。酒煮杀之。
又疗腹痛疝积，亦烧为灰，酒服之。生楚山川谷田野，取无时，勿使中湿。
味咸，寒，有小毒。主五癃邪结气，破石淋，下血，利小便，利水道。一名蜥蜴，一名
山龙子，一名守宫，一名石蜴。生平阳川谷及荆山山石间，五月取，着石上令干。
Indicated for leukorrhea in women, presenting with mixed white and red discharge.
Indicated for lithiasis (urinary calculi). Grows in the ponds and marshes of Jiujiang; there is no fixed time for collection.
Sweet in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for damp-bi syndrome (pain and numbness caused by dampness obstructing meridians), edema of the face and eyes, promotes urination to reduce edema, treats five types of hemorrhoids; those with existing sores should not consume it, as it may cause vitiligo-like white spots on the skin. Also known as Tongyu (Copper Fish). Grows in the ponds and marshes of Jiujiang; there is no fixed time for collection.
Pungent in taste, foul odor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for traumatic injuries, leg tendon spasms or fractures leading to blood stasis, blood bi (impaired blood circulation) in the four limbs that does not dissipate, metrorrhagia (profuse non-menstrual bleeding) in women with continuous bleeding; care should be taken to avoid contamination with salt.
Sweet in taste, non-toxic, indicated for various diseases.
Sweet in taste, greatly warm in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for tonifying the middle jiao, nourishing blood, treating severe lip conditions. Collected on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month; the skull is burned into charcoal. Stops dysentery.
Indicated for various sores; burn to ash, mix with sauce, and apply topically, or decoct with lard. Also indicated for intestinal abscess. Ash from the head: indicated for infantile scalp sores, oral ulcers, double tongue (swelling of the sublingual area resembling a second tongue), and corneal nebula. Also known as Fuyu (Minnow). Made into soup, indicated for weak stomach and poor appetite; made into sashimi, indicated for chronic bloody and purulent dysentery.
Salty in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for itching and pain when closing the eyes, treats strangury, promotes urination, brightens vision, and improves night vision clarity. Long-term consumption brings joy, enhances beauty, and eliminates worry. Also known as Bat. Grows in the mountains and valleys of Tai Mountain and under eaves of houses; collected after Start of Summer, dried in the shade.
Pungent in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for facial carbuncles and swelling, intermittent stinging pain in the skin, regulates qi and blood in the abdomen, breaks up cold-heat accumulations, alleviates palpitations, and removes facial hyperpigmentation. Also known as Shufa, also known as Shi Gan. Grows in the valleys of Hepu; collected in October and December.
Bitter in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Indicated for five types of hemorrhoids, genital erosion, passage of bloody and purulent discharge of five colors, continuous bleeding, genital swelling and pain radiating to the lower back. Killed by boiling in wine before use. Also treats abdominal pain and hernia masses; can also be burned to ash and taken with wine. Grows in the mountains, valleys, and fields of Chu region; there is no fixed time for collection; keep dry and avoid moisture.
Salty in taste, cold in nature, slightly toxic. Indicated for five types of retention of urine (difficulty in urination) and pathological qi accumulation, breaks up urinary calculi, guides downward stagnant blood, promotes urination, and unblocks water passages. Also known as Xi Yi, also known as Shanlongzi, also known as Shougong, also known as Shi Yi. Grows in the mountains, valleys, and among rocks of Pingyang and Mount Jing; collected in May, placed on stones to dry.