喻嘉言治顾季掖室人。仲夏时。孕已五月。偶尔下血。医以人参、阿胶。勉固其胎。又
经一月。身肿气胀。血逆上奔。结聚于会厌胸膈间。食饮才入。触之痛楚。转下甚艰。稍急
即连粒呕出。全如噎证。更医数手。咸以为胎气上逆。脾虚作肿而成膈噎也。用人参之补
五味之收为治。延至白露节。计孕期已八月。而病势危极。呼吸将绝。始邀喻诊。其脉尺
部微涩艰推。独肺部洪大无伦。其喘声如曳锯。其手臂青紫肿亮如殴伤色。喻骇曰。似此凶
证。何不相商。幸余尚有善药。可以通其下闭上壅。季掖必求病名。喻曰。上壅者。以肺脉
之洪大。合于会厌之结塞。知其肺当生痈也。下闭者。以尺脉之微涩。合于肉色之青肿。知
其胎已久坏也。善药者。泻白散加芩、桔之苦以开之。不用硝、黄等疠药也。服二大剂。腹
即弩痛。下白污如脓者数斗。裹朽胎而出。胸膈即开。连连进粥。但寒热咳嗽未除。旬余白
污既尽。忽大肿大喘可畏。一以清肺为主。竟获全痊。
震按此案从吕沧洲得来。沧洲治经历哈散侍人。病喘不得卧。众作肺受风邪治。吕诊气
口独盛。厥阴弦动而疾。两尺俱短而离经。乃曰。此得之毒药动血。以致胎死不下。奔逆而
上冲。非风寒作喘也。用催生汤加芎、归。煮大剂服之。夜半果下一死胎。喘即止。哈散因
告外家诚有孕。以室人见嫉。故药去之。众所不知也。
Yu Jiayan treated the wife of Gu Yiye. It was midsummer, and she had been pregnant for five months. She occasionally experienced vaginal bleeding. Physicians used Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix) and E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) to tentatively secure the fetus. A month later, her body became swollen and distended with Qi, blood rushed upward in rebellion, and stagnation gathered between the epiglottis and the chest-diaphragm region. As soon as food or drink entered, it caused pain upon contact; defecation became extremely difficult, and any slight effort resulted in vomiting out every grain of food, resembling a complete case of dysphagia (Yi Zheng). Several other physicians were consulted, all believing this was fetal Qi rebelling upward, spleen deficiency causing edema, which evolved into Ge Ye (diaphragmatic obstruction). They treated it using the tonifying properties of Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix) and the astringent properties of Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus). By the time of the White Dew solar term, the pregnancy had reached eight months, yet the condition became critically dangerous, with breathing nearly ceasing. Only then was Yu Jiayan invited to diagnose. Her pulse at the Chi position was faint, choppy, and difficult to palpate, while the Lung pulse alone was excessively flooding and boundless. Her wheezing sound resembled sawing wood; her arms were cyanotic, swollen, shiny, and discolored like bruises. Yu Jiayan exclaimed in shock, "Such a ominous syndrome—why did you not consult earlier? Fortunately, I still have effective medicines that can unblock the lower closure and upper congestion." Jiye insisted on knowing the disease name. Yu said, "The 'upper congestion' is indicated by the flooding Lung pulse combined with the blockage at the epiglottis, suggesting the lungs are developing an abscess. The 'lower closure' is indicated by the faint and choppy Chi pulse combined with the cyanotic and swollen skin color, indicating the fetus has been dead for a long time. The 'effective medicine' refers to Xie Bai San (White-Draining Powder) added with Ku (bitter) herbs like Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix) and Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix) to open the blockage, without using harsh purgatives like Xiao Shi (Natrii Sulfas) or Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma)." After taking two large doses, abdominal pain immediately intensified, and several dou of white, pus-like discharge were passed, expelling the putrefied fetus. The chest-diaphragm region immediately opened up, allowing continuous consumption of congee. However, chills, fever, and cough persisted. More than ten days later, after the white discharge ceased, sudden severe generalized edema and terrifying wheezing occurred. Treatment focused primarily on clearing the Lungs, resulting in complete recovery.
Zhen's commentary: This case originated from Lv Cangzhou. Lv Cangzhou treated a concubine of Jingli Hasan, who suffered from asthma so severe she could not lie flat. The majority treated it as Wind-Evil invading the Lungs. Lv diagnosed that the Qi Kou pulse was exclusively strong, the Jue Yin pulse was wiry, rapid, and quick, while both Chi pulses were short and deviated from the normal meridian pattern (Li Jing Mai). He stated, "This results from toxic drugs disturbing the blood, causing fetal death and retention, with Qi and Blood rushing upward in rebellion. It is not asthma caused by Wind-Cold." He used Cui Sheng Tang (Labor-Delivery Decoction) added with Xiong Duan (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) and Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), prepared as a large dose. At midnight, a dead fetus was indeed expelled, and the asthma stopped immediately. Hasan subsequently informed his mother-in-law that there had indeed been a pregnancy; jealous of the main wife, the concubine had been administered drugs to terminate it. This fact was unknown to the public.