夫恶寒之候，亦有阴阳二证。发热而恶寒者，发于阳也；无热而恶寒者，发于阴也。发于阳
者，宜解表，脉必浮数；发于阴者，宜温里，脉必沉细。又有汗后、利后恶寒及背恶寒。以上
疾证，尤详着伤寒恶寒例中，可审治之。
一妇人，但恶寒别无他证，六脉平静，遂用败毒散而安。此药能去表中风邪故也。经云∶
恶寒家慎不可倍常覆衣被及近火气。寒热相抗脉道沉伏，愈令病患寒不可遏。但去被撤火，
兼以和表之药，自然不恶寒矣。妇人恶寒尤不可近火，寒气入腹，血室结聚，针药所以不能治
矣。
麻黄桂枝各半汤、败毒散并治恶寒甚效。（方俱见伤寒门。）
凡妇人室女乍寒乍热，有类疟疾，久则成痨。诊其左关，肝脉独弦。上出寸口，某者上
鱼际。究其病源，是皆思欲不遂，以致于阴阳交争，时寒时热。惟仓公深知此证，多是僧尼
寡妇、经通室女有之。许学士知之，其有夫妇人病此者，乃热入血室也。此又自是一治法，固非
寡妇室女之比也。
启脾汤 治寡妇室女思欲不遂，以致伤脾，饮食少思，寒热如疟，面上或红或黄，用此最效
白术 当归（各钱半） 人参 川芎 香附子 柴胡梢 玄胡索 郁金 甘草梢 青皮（各五分）
上咀，作一服水煎服。
（《良方》）黄芩参苏饮 治前证，即参苏饮加黄芩。
（学士）生地黄丸 治寡妇室女患恶风体倦，乍寒乍热，面赤心烦，肝脉弦长，宜服此抑
阴等药。
干生地黄（三两） 赤芍药（一两） 北柴胡 黄芩 秦艽（各半两。）
上为细末，炼蜜丸，小豆大，白汤送下三、四十丸。
The symptom of aversion to cold also presents in two patterns: yin and yang. When accompanied by fever, it originates from the yang; when without fever but with aversion to cold, it originates from the yin. For those originating from yang, exterior-releasing methods are appropriate, and the pulse is invariably floating and rapid; for those originating from yin, interior-warming methods are appropriate, and the pulse is invariably deep and fine. There are also cases of aversion to cold following sweating or purgation, as well as aversion to cold specifically in the back. These conditions are detailed in the chapters on *Shanghan* (Cold Damage) regarding aversion to cold, and should be treated after careful examination.
A woman presented with only aversion to cold and no other symptoms, with a calm pulse in all six positions. She was successfully treated with *Baidu San* (Detoxifying Powder). This medicine effectively expels wind-pathogens from the exterior. The Classics state: Patients with aversion to cold must not be allowed to double their usual bedding or approach fire sources. If external heat conflicts with internal cold, the pulse vessels become deep and hidden, exacerbating the patient's uncontrollable sensation of cold. By removing excess bedding, withdrawing fire sources, and administering medicines that harmonize the exterior, the aversion to cold will naturally resolve. Women with aversion to cold should especially avoid approaching fire; otherwise, cold pathogens may enter the abdomen, causing stagnation in the Blood Chamber (Zigong and Chong-Ren meridians), rendering acupuncture and herbal medicine ineffective.
*Mahuang Guizhi Ban Tang* (Half-Dose Decoction of Ephedra and Cinnamon Twig) and *Baidu San* are both highly effective in treating severe aversion to cold. (Formulas are listed under the Shanghan section.)
Whenever women or unmarried girls experience sudden chills and fever resembling malaria, prolonged illness may develop into consumptive disease (*Lao*). Palpation of the left Guan position reveals an isolated wiry Liver pulse. The pulse qi extends upward to the Cun position and even reaches beyond the Yuji area. Investigating the etiology, these cases stem from unfulfilled desires and thoughts, leading to contention between yin and yang, resulting in alternating chills and fever. Only the ancient physician Cang Gong deeply understood this syndrome, which is common among nuns, widows, and menstruating unmarried women. Scholar Xu also recognized this condition; if married women suffer from it, it is due to heat entering the Blood Chamber. This constitutes a different treatment approach and cannot be equated with the cases of widows or unmarried girls.
*Qipi Tang* (Spleen-Initiating Decoction) treats widows or unmarried girls whose spleen is damaged by unfulfilled desires, leading to poor appetite, alternating chills and fever like malaria, and facial discoloration (red or yellow). This formula is most effective.
Ingredients: *Baizhu* (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) and *Danggui* (Angelica Sinensis Radix), each 1.5 qian; *Renshen* (Ginseng Radix), *Chuanxiong* (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), *Xiangfuzi* (Cyperi Rhizoma), *Chaishu Shao* (Bupleuri Radix tip), *Xuanhusuo* (Corydalis Rhizoma), *Yujin* (Curcumae Radix), *Gancao Shao* (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma tip), and *Qingpi* (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), each 0.5 qian.
Crush the herbs, take one dose, decoct in water, and drink.
(*Liangfang*) *Huangqin Shen Su Yin* (Scutellaria, Ginseng and Perilla Leaf Decoction) treats the aforementioned syndrome; it is *Shensu Yin* (Ginseng and Perilla Leaf Decoction) plus *Huangqin* (Scutellariae Radix).
(Scholar Xu's Formula) *Shengdi Huang Wan* (Rehmannia Root Pill) treats widows or unmarried girls suffering from aversion to wind, fatigue, alternating chills and fever, red face, irritability, and a long wiry Liver pulse. It is suitable to take this formula to suppress yin-pathogenic factors.
Ingredients: Dried *Shengdi Huang* (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata) 3 liang; *Chishaoyao* (Paeoniae Radix Rubra) 1 liang; *Bei Chaichu* (Bupleuri Radix), *Huangqin* (Scutellariae Radix), and *Qinjiao* (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix), each 0.5 liang.
Grind into fine powder, mix with refined honey to make pills the size of adzuki beans. Take 30–40 pills with warm rice water.