丹溪云∶凡积在中，是为痰饮，在左为死血，在右为食积痰气。其不能作块，或聚或散者，
气也。块者，乃有形之物，痰与会积死血而成。治块当降火消仓积死血，块去须大补。
治积病不可峻用下药，正气虚者愈损真气，积又不去，必先服补药数次，然后攻之，
或用磨积药渐而消除融化可也。积块在皮里膜外，须用补气，香附开之，兼二陈，加补气药，
先须断浓味。凡积病下之不退，当用消积药融化开则消。
临 女子薄吾病甚危，众医皆为寒热当死。臣意诊其脉曰蛲瘕，为病腹大，上肤黄粗，循
之戚戚然。臣意
饮以芫花一撮，即出蛲可数升，病已，三十日如故。蛲得之于寒湿，寒湿气郁笃不发，化为虫。
臣意所以知薄吾病者，切其脉，循其尺，其尺索刺粗，而毛美奉发，是虫气也。其色泽者，中
脏无邪气及重病。（《史记》）
隋有患者尝饥而吞食，则下至胞便即吐出。医作噎疾、膈气、翻胃三候治之，无验。有老
医任度视之曰∶非此三疾，盖因食蛇肉不消而致斯疾，但揣心腹上有蛇形也。病者曰∶素有
大风，尝求蛇肉食，风稍愈，复患此疾矣。遂以芒硝、大黄合而治之，微泄利则愈。医皆
请其验，而知蛇瘕也。
徐文伯字德秀，笃好医术。宋明帝官人患腰痛牵心，发则气绝。诸医以为肉瘕。文伯视
之曰∶此发瘕也。以油灌之，即吐物如发稍长，引之长三尺，头以成蛇，又能摇动。悬柱上，
水沥尽，惟余一发而已，遂愈。（出《藏经》）
Zhu Danxi stated: Whenever accumulation is present in the interior, if it is Phlegm-Fluid (Tan Yin), located on the left side it represents Fixed Blood (Si Xue, i.e., blood stasis); if located on the right side, it represents Food Retention and Phlegm-Qi. That which cannot form a lump, or gathers and scatters intermittently, is Qi. A "lump" refers to a tangible entity, formed by the combination of Phlegm, Food Retention, and Fixed Blood. When treating lumps, one should descend Fire, resolve Food Retention, and eliminate Fixed Blood; after the lump is removed, substantial tonification is required.
In treating accumulation diseases, harsh purgatives must not be used aggressively. For those with deficient Zheng Qi (Upright Qi), harsh purgatives will further damage Zheng Qi, while the accumulation remains unresolved. One must first administer tonic medicines several times before attacking the accumulation, or use medicines that grind down accumulations to gradually eliminate and dissolve them. If the accumulation lies between the skin and fascia, Qi-tonifying methods are necessary, combined with Xiang Fu (Cyperus Rhizome) to open stagnation, along with Er Chen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) and added Qi-tonifying herbs. Prior to this, rich and greasy foods must be strictly avoided. For accumulation diseases where purgation fails to resolve the condition, medicines that dissipate accumulations should be used to melt and disperse them.
Bo Wu, a woman from Linzi, was critically ill. Many physicians believed she suffered from alternating chills and fever and predicted her death. Chunyu Yi (the physician) palpated her pulse and diagnosed her with Tuo Jia (Ascaris Mass). The symptoms included abdominal distension, yellowish and rough skin, and a sensation of discomfort upon palpation. Chunyu Yi administered a pinch of Yuan Hua (Genkwa Flos), after which several sheng (a unit of volume) of ascarides were expelled. The disease was cured, and thirty days later, her body had returned to normal. Tuo arises from Cold-Dampness; when Cold-Dampness stagnates deeply without manifesting externally, it transforms into parasites. Chunyu Yi knew Bo Wu’s condition by palpating her pulse and examining the Chi region of the forearm; he found the Chi pulse string-like, prickly, and coarse, and noted that although her hair was beautiful, the roots were dry, indicating the presence of parasite Qi. Her complexion retained luster, indicating that the internal organs were free from pathogenic factors and severe disease. (From *Records of the Grand Historian*)
A patient in the Sui Dynasty once swallowed food while hungry, but the food would travel down to the bladder area and then be vomited out. Physicians treated this as Yie Ji (Dysphagia), Ge Qi (Diaphragmatic Qi Stagnation), or Fan Wei (Eversion of the Stomach), but these treatments were ineffective. An old physician named Ren Du examined the patient and said: This is not one of these three diseases. It is likely caused by undigested snake meat. One can confirm this by palpating the upper abdomen and heart region for a snake-shaped mass. The patient replied: He had previously suffered from Da Feng (Leprosy/Great Wind Disease) and had eaten snake meat, which alleviated his symptoms slightly, but subsequently developed this illness. He was treated with a combination of Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas) and Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma). After experiencing mild diarrhea, he recovered. Physicians asked about the efficacy, thereby learning that this was She Jia (Snake Mass).
Xu Wenbo, courtesy name Dexiu, was deeply devoted to medical arts. A palace maid of Emperor Ming of Song suffered from lower back pain radiating to the heart, accompanied by cessation of breath during attacks. Various physicians diagnosed this as Rou Jia (Flesh Mass). Xu Wenbo diagnosed it as Fa Jia (Hair Mass). He administered oil orally, causing the patient to vomit an object resembling a strand of hair. When pulled out, it measured three chi (a unit of length) in length, with the head forming a snake shape, capable of wriggling. Hung on a pillar until all fluid drained, only a single hair remained, and the patient was cured. (From *Zang Jing*)