《内经·疏五过论》曰∶尝贵后贱,虽不中邪,病从内生,名曰脱营。启玄子云∶神屈故也。
以其贵之尊荣,贱之屈辱,心怀慕眷,志结忧惶,虽不中邪,病从内生,血脉虚减,名曰脱营。
凡病此者,心思郁结,忧虑不已,饮食少思,精神日减,气血渐衰,形容枯槁。粗工不察,妄投
药饵,速死有期。故经所论治有五过者是也。
病不可治有六失者,失于不审,失于不信,失于过时,失于不择医,失于不知病,失于不知
药。六失之中,有一于此,即为难治,非止医家之罪,亦病家之罪也。矧又医不慈仁,病者猜鄙,
二理交驰,于病何益?由是
言之,医者不可不慈仁,不慈仁则招祸;病者不可猜鄙,猜鄙亦招祸。贤者洞达物情,各就安乐,
亦治病之一说耳。《千金方》引《史记》云∶骄恣不论于理,一不治;轻身重财,二不治;衣食
不能适,三不治;阴阳并,脏气不定,四不治;形羸不能服药,五不治;信巫不信医,六不治。
有一于此,则重难治也。
病之始起,不能早治,以其浅薄,视之泛常。及致日月久淹,积小成大,乃求医药。法不及
用,而势已盈,岂为天命?
凡诊脉形证相应,因与服汤,食顷变大吐下腹痛,是为变怪。或有旧时服药,今乃发作,是
亦谓之灾怪耳。
丹溪云∶胃气者,纯清冲和之气,人之所赖以为生者也。若谋虑神劳,动作形苦,嗜欲无节,
思想无穷,饮食失宜,药饵违法,皆能致伤。既伤之后,须用调和。恬不知怪,或于病将小愈,
而乃恣意犯禁。旧病未除,而新证叠起。吾见医药将日不暇给,而戕贼之胃气无复完全之望,去
死近矣。愚见患者小愈,胃气才回,咸谓以为能食者不死,率意恣欲,妄投浓味,惟其不嗜胜人
为忧。噫!弗思甚也,殊不悟浓味助邪。古人摄养每以寡嗜欲薄滋味为先,况病患伤败之际,而
又重伤,其不危殆者寡矣。又见久病之人少愈,而目尚昏,腰尚重,谓病久郁抑,精闭不通,率
喻入房以疏郁结,往往一行而病遽起,反至不救者多矣。饮食不节,反轻为重,转安为危者,历
历有之。此天下之通弊,惟贤者知之。
According to the *Shu Wu Guo Lun* (Discourse on Five Negligences) in the *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon): "One who was once noble but later became humble, although not struck by external pathogens, develops disease from within, known as 'Tuo Ying' (Depletion of Ying/Nutritive Qi)." Qixuanzi (Wang Bing) explained: "This is due to the屈折 (constraint/deflection) of Shen (Spirit/Mind)."
Because one once enjoyed honor and dignity but later suffered humiliation, harboring lingering attachment to past glory, with will bound by worry and fear, although not struck by external pathogens, disease arises from within. This leads to deficiency and reduction of blood vessels, a condition named "Tuo Ying" (Depletion of Ying/Nutritive Qi).
Those suffering from this condition have minds constrained by depression and endless worry. Their appetite diminishes, spirit declines daily, Qi and Blood gradually weaken, and their appearance becomes withered and emaciated. Crude physicians fail to examine carefully and administer drugs recklessly, leading to rapid death. Thus, the "five errors" discussed in the classic refer to these situations.
There are six types of negligence that render a disease incurable: negligence due to lack of scrutiny, negligence due to lack of trust, negligence due to missing the right time, negligence due to failing to select a proper physician, negligence due to ignorance of the disease, and negligence due to ignorance of the medicine. If any one of these six errors occurs, the disease becomes difficult to treat. This is not solely the fault of the physician, but also the fault of the patient. Moreover, if the physician lacks compassion and benevolence, and the patient is suspicious and derogatory, these two negative factors clash, benefiting the disease how? Therefore, a physician must be compassionate and benevolent; lacking this invites disaster. A patient must not be suspicious and derogatory; doing so also invites disaster. The wise understand human nature and circumstances, seeking peace and well-being for themselves. This is another perspective on treating illness. The *Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) cites the *Records of the Grand Historian*: "Arrogant and unreasonable behavior, this is the first non-treatable condition; valuing wealth over health, this is the second non-treatable condition; inability to adapt diet and clothing, this is the third non-treatable condition; Yin and Yang are disordered, Zang-Fu Qi is unstable, this is the fourth non-treatable condition; the body is emaciated and unable to take medicine, this is the fifth non-treatable condition; believing in sorcery rather than medicine, this is the sixth non-treatable condition." If any one of these exists, the disease becomes extremely difficult to treat.
When a disease first begins, if it is not treated early because it is considered superficial and ordinary, and then allowed to linger for days or months, accumulating from small to large, only then do people seek medical treatment. By then, therapeutic methods are no longer effective, and the pathological momentum is already full. Is this due to Mandate of Heaven?
Generally, when pulse and symptoms correspond, decoctions are administered. If shortly after ingestion, severe vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal pain occurs, this is called "Bian Guai" (Abnormal Change/Monster). Or if previously taken medications suddenly manifest effects now, this is also called "Zai Guai" (Disaster Monster).
Zhu Danxi said: Wei Qi (Stomach Qi) is pure, clear, and harmonious Qi, upon which human life depends. If mental planning exhausts the Spirit, physical exertion苦s the form, desires are unregulated, thoughts are endless, diet is inappropriate, or medication violates regulations, all can cause injury. After injury, harmonization is required. Yet people remain unaware of danger. When the illness is slightly improving, they may indulge in forbidden activities. Old diseases remain, while new syndromes arise continuously. I have seen cases where medical resources were stretched thin, and the damaged Wei Qi had no hope of complete recovery, bringing death near. My view is that when a patient slightly improves and Wei Qi just returns, everyone assumes that being able to eat means survival. They act recklessly, indulging in desires and consuming rich, heavy flavors, worrying only that they cannot eat as much as others. Alas! This is very thoughtless. They fail to realize that rich flavors assist pathogenic factors. Ancients prioritized reducing desires and eating light flavors for preservation. How much more so for patients in a state of depletion and damage? If severely injured again, few would avoid peril. I have also seen long-term patients who slightly improved but still had blurry vision and heavy waists. Assuming this was due to long-standing stagnation blocking Jing (Essence), they were often advised to engage in sexual intercourse to relieve stagnation. Often, after a single instance, the disease surged back, leading to untreatable conditions frequently. Irregular diet turns mild illness into severe, and stability into danger, a phenomenon observed repeatedly. This is a common flaw in the world, known only to the wise.