《内经》曰∶粗大者，阴不足，阳有余，为热中也。诸浮不躁者，在阳则为热，其有躁
者，在手。岐伯曰∶脉至而从，按之不鼓，诸阳皆然。（王注云∶病热而脉数，按之不鼓，
乃寒盛格阳而致之，非热也。形证是寒，按之而脉气鼓击于指下盛者，是为热盛拒阴而生
病，非寒也。）
平人气象篇曰∶病热而脉静，泄而脉大，脱血而脉实，病在中。脉虚，病在外。脉
涩坚者，皆难治。大奇论曰∶脉至而搏，血衄，身热者，死。推而内之，外而不内，身有热也。
《脉经》曰∶大热，病气热，脉满，是谓重实；尺寸脉俱虚，是谓重虚。《脉经》阴数
多热，数为热极，数脉为虚为热，数洪，热烦。脉来如悬钩浮为热，滑数，心下结，热盛。紧
而数，寒热俱作。沉细滑疾者热。
脉数盛滑紧者，病在外热；脉沉而紧，上焦有热，下寒。
寸口脉浮大而病者，名曰阳中之阳病，苦烦满，身热，头痛，腹中热。寸口脉实，热
在脾肺。数为吐，为热在胃口。关脉滑数，胃中有客热，缓而滑，为热中。《难经》曰∶病热
之脉，阴阳俱浮，浮之滑，沉之散涩，发热恶寒。脉浮数者，瘟病也。身热，头痛，自汗，
多眠，阳脉浮滑，阴脉濡弱者，风温也。《活人书》云∶中脘有痰，令人憎寒壮热，恶风，
自汗。寸口脉浮，胸痞满，有类伤寒，但头不痛，项不强，为异。热病已得汗，而脉尚躁盛，
此阴脉之极也，死。热病不得汗，而脉躁盛者，此阳脉之极也，死。脉浮而涩，涩而身有
热者，死。
The *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: A coarse and large pulse indicates deficiency of Yin and excess of Yang, constituting "Re Zhong" (Heat in the Middle). For all floating pulses that are not restless, if they manifest in the Yang aspect, it indicates Heat; if accompanied by restlessness, the disease is located in the Hand meridians. Qibo stated: When the pulse conforms to the disease but does not beat vigorously upon deep pressure, this applies to all Yang pulses. (Wang Bing's commentary notes: In heat diseases where the pulse is rapid but does not beat vigorously upon deep pressure, this is caused by extreme Cold repelling Yang, not true Heat. Conversely, if the clinical signs indicate Cold, but the pulse qi beats vigorously and strongly under the fingers upon deep pressure, this is caused by extreme Heat repelling Yin, not Cold.)
The *Ping Ren Qi Xiang Pian* (Chapter on Normal People and Pulse-Qi Manifestations) states: In heat diseases with a quiet pulse, in diarrhea with a large pulse, and in blood loss with a solid pulse, these indicate disease in the interior. If the pulse is deficient, the disease is in the exterior. Pulses that are choppy and hard are difficult to treat. The *Da Qi Lun* (Chapter on Extraordinary Paradoxes) states: A pulsating pulse accompanied by epistaxis and body heat indicates death. Pushing the pulse inward, if it remains external and does not enter, it indicates body heat.
The *Mai Jing* (Pulse Classic) states: High fever with hot pathogenic qi and a full pulse is called "Chong Shi" (Double Excess); deficiency in both the Cun (Inch) and Chi (Cubit) positions is called "Chong Xu" (Double Deficiency). The *Mai Jing* states: Numerous pulses in the Yin position often indicate Heat; a Rapid pulse indicates extreme Heat; a Rapid pulse can indicate both Deficiency and Heat; a Rapid and Surging pulse indicates Heat and vexation. A pulse coming like a suspended hook and floating indicates Heat; a Slippery and Rapid pulse indicates stagnation in the epigastrium and excessive Heat. A Tight and Rapid pulse indicates alternating Chills and Fever. A Deep, Fine, Slippery, and Quick pulse indicates Heat.
A Numerous, Vigorous, Slippery, and Tight pulse indicates Heat in the exterior; a Deep and Tight pulse indicates Heat in the Upper Jiao and Cold in the Lower Jiao.
A Floating and Large pulse at the Cun Kou (Radial Artery) in a patient is named "Yang within Yang Disease," characterized by distress from vexation and fullness, body heat, headache, and heat in the abdomen. A Solid pulse at the Cun Kou indicates Heat in the Spleen and Lung. A Rapid pulse indicates vomiting and Heat at the stomach opening. A Slippery and Rapid pulse at the Guan (Bar) position indicates Guest Heat in the Stomach; a Slow and Slippery pulse indicates Re Zhong (Heat in the Middle). The *Nan Jing* (Classic of Difficult Issues) states: The pulse in heat diseases shows both Yin and Yang positions as Floating; smooth upon light pressure and scattered/choppy upon deep pressure, accompanied by fever and aversion to cold. A Floating and Rapid pulse indicates Plague Disease. Body heat, headache, spontaneous sweating, and somnolence, with a Floating and Slippery Yang pulse and a Weak and Deficient Yin pulse, indicate Wind-Warmth Disease. The *Huoren Shu* (Book for Saving Lives) states: Phlegm in the Zhong Wan area causes aversion to cold with high fever, aversion to wind, and spontaneous sweating. A Floating pulse at the Cun Kou with chest stuffiness resembles Taiyang Shang Han (Cold Damage), but differs because there is no headache or neck stiffness. If heat disease has sweated but the pulse remains restless and vigorous, this represents the extreme depletion of Yin pulses and indicates death. If heat disease has not sweated but the pulse is restless and vigorous, this represents the extreme depletion of Yang pulses and indicates death. A Floating and Choppy pulse, where the body still has heat, indicates death.