桔梗 味辛、苦，气微温。味浓气轻，阳中阴，有小毒。（畏白芨、龙眼、龙胆。凡使
去头及两畔附枝，米泔浸一宿焙干用。）主胸胁痛如刀刺，腹满肠鸣幽幽，惊恐悸气。治鼻寒、
喉痹，利嗌咽胸膈之气，治肺热气奔促嗽逆，消痰涎，肺痈，排脓养血补内漏。治下利，破
血积气，中恶。下蛊毒及小儿惊痫客忤。能载诸药不下沉，故名舟楫。如大黄苦泄峻下之药，
欲引至胸中至高之分，成功必用此。又能开提气血，气血药中宜用之。又得牡蛎、远志疗恚
怒，硝石、石膏疗伤寒。
紫苏 味辛、甘，气温。主下气、除寒中，解肌发表。治心腹胀满。开胃下食。
止香港脚，通大小肠。煮汁饮之，治蟹毒。子尤良，主肺气喘嗽、咳逆、润心肺、消痰气，腰
脚中湿风结气，调中下气，止霍乱呕吐反胃，利大小便，破 结，消五膈。
菰根 味甘，气大寒，无毒。（南人呼为茭。）主肠胃痼热，消渴，止小便利。
芦根 味甘，气寒。主小儿赤丹，治诸痈疽发背乳房，捣敷之，亦 毒箭蛇虫咬。
妊娠胎动不安，漏胎下血，产妇前后心烦闷，天行热疾，大渴大狂，服金石药人心热，俱煎
服之。渍芦汁疗消渴。芦麻，产妇枕之，止血晕，安脐上止产后腹痛。蚕咬人毒，取汁饮之。
今以芦近蚕种则蚕不生。
甘蕉根 味甘，气大寒。无毒。主痈肿，结热，发背诸毒，小儿赤游，捣敷之，干则
易。产后血胀闷，天行狂热烦闷及消渴，金石发动躁热，绞汁服。蕉油治暗风痫病流涎作晕
闷欲倒者，得吐便瘥，有奇效。又妇人涂发令黑及不落。用竹筒插皮中取之，如取漆法。
芦根 味甘，气寒。主消渴客热，止小便利。治寒热时疾烦闷，妊孕人心热。治呕哕
不下食，胃中热。水煮顿服之良，解食鱼蟹中毒。其花名蓬茸，主卒霍乱危急者，取一把煮
浓汁，顿服二升立瘥。
兰草 味辛、甘，气平、寒。无毒。（《衍义》云∶即春秋开花之兰香，入药煎用。）
主利水道，杀虫毒，辟不祥，胸中痰癖，久服益气，轻身不老，通神。消诸痹，散久积陈郁之
气甚效。其气清香，生津止渴，消渴证非此小除，诸痹必用。
杜若 味辛，气微温。无毒。（得辛荑、细辛良。恶柴胡、前胡。采根日干。主胸胁下
逆气，温中，风入脑户，头痛肿，多涕泪，虚眩目视KT KT 。除口臭气，久服益精明目，
轻身，令人不忘。
独活（一名羌活。）味苦、甘、辛，气平，微温。气味俱轻，阳也，升也。（后人分用，
以紫色而节密者为羌活，黄色而作块者名独活。羌活气雄，独活气细。）主风寒所击，金疮
止疮，奔豚，痫 ，女子疝瘕。疗诸贼风百节痛风，无拘久新者。久服轻身耐老。（《本经》不分。）
羌活手足太阳经风药，又足厥阴、少阴经药，主贼风失音不语，多痒血癞，手足不遂，口
面斜。治肢节疼痛，一身尽痛，非此不除。又去温湿风加川芎，治足太阳、少阴痛。独活
足少阴行经之药，治风痛足少阴伏风而不治太阳，故两足寒湿痹不能动止，非此不除。又主
风毒齿痛，加细辛治少阴经头痛。
升麻 味甘、苦，气平，微寒。味薄气浓，阳中之阴也。无毒。阳明经本经药，亦
走手阳明经、太阴经。（形轻而黑，坚实者第一。细削皮，青绿色者亦佳，谓之鸡骨升麻。去黑皮
并腐烂。）主解百毒，杀百精殃鬼，辟瘟疫瘴气，邪气蛊毒，煎浓汁服之，入口皆吐出。治
中恶腹痛，时气毒疠，头痛寒热，小儿风痫，时气热风，肿痈喉痛口疮。肺痿肺痈，咳唾脓血，
疮家之圣药。主脾胃，解肌肉间热，手足阳明经治风之的药，及发散本经风邪。若元气不足，阳
气陷下，用此升提阳气上行。又脾痹非梢子不除。天行时病发斑疮，头面及身须臾周匝，如火
烧，不治数日死。（用五两水煮，绵沾汁洗之。）小儿斑疮及豌豆疮，心燥不安，治方同上。
细辛 味大辛，气温。气浓阳也。无毒。手少阴经引经之药。（恶野狼毒、山茱萸、黄 。
畏消石、滑石。反藜芦。出华阴者良。阴干。忌生菜。单用末不可过钱匕，气塞不通死。）主咳
逆头痛、脑痛，百节拘孪，风湿痹痛。消死肌，温中下气，破痰开胸中滞。除齿痛，口臭，喉痹，
鼻痈，风眼泪下，风痫颠疾，下乳结，汗不出，血闭不行。安脏益肝胆，通精气。久服明目，
利九窍，轻身长年。治少阴头痛如神，当少用之。独活为使。诸风通用之药。温阴经，去内寒。
治邪在里之表，头面风痛不可缺。得当归、芍药、白芷、芎 、牡丹、 本、甘草共疗妇人。
得决明、鲤鱼胆、青羊肝共疗目痛、口臭及 竖齿肿痛。（煮取浓汁，热含冷吐，瘥。）
防风 味甘、辛，气温。纯阳。无毒。脾胃二经行经药。太阳经本经药。乃卒伍卑贱之
职随所引而至者也。（恶干姜、藜芦、白蔹、羌花。杀附子毒。实而脂润，头节坚者良。去芦并叉
头叉尾者不用。）主大风，头眩痛、恶风，风邪目盲无所见，风行周身，骨节疼痹。烦满，头
面去来，四肢挛急，金疮内痉，治风通用。泻肺实，散头目中滞气，除上焦风邪之仙药。误服
泻人上焦元气。又能去湿，诸风药皆然，风能胜湿故也，又药中润剂也。身去身半以上风，
梢去身半以下风，得泽泻、 本疗风。得当归、芍药、起石、禹余粮疗妇人子脏风。
干姜 味辛，气温，大热。气薄味浓，阳中之阴。无毒。（秦椒为之使。恶黄芩、黄连。）主
胸满咳逆上气，温中止血，出汗逐风湿痹，肠 下痢。生用辛，能发散寒邪，去风寒湿痹。入
肺利肺气，肺寒咳嗽。与五味子同用以胜寒。炮之则微苦，故止而不移，能温中理脾，治里寒泄
痢，霍乱胀满，腹中冷痛，中下焦寒湿。又沉寒痼冷，肾中无阳，脉气欲绝，黑附子为引用。又
炮之与补阴药同用，能引血药入气分生血，治血虚发热，故产后大热必用之。炒黑能止唾血、痢
血，水泻无度，（炙为末，粥饮调一钱，立效。）血痢。（烧黑不令成灰，为末，每服一钱，米
饮调下。）伤寒后阴阳易病。（取四两为末，汤调顿服，覆衣被出汗。）
生姜 味辛、甘，气微温。气味俱轻，阳也。无毒。去皮即热，留皮则冷。杀半夏毒。）生
者尤良。主伤寒头痛，鼻塞咳上气。入肺，开胃口，益脾胃。散风寒，治痰嗽。止呕吐，为呕
家之圣药。久服去臭气，通神明。无病患夜不宜食之，夜气宜静，屡动气故也。佐大枣能浓肠。
生和半夏主心下急痛。捣汁和蜜服，主中热不能食。又汁和杏仁泥煎成膏，水调服，下一切结气，
贯心胸壅膈冷热气神效。治痢，（切如麻粒大，和好茶煎一两碗，任意呷之大妙。）霍乱注痢转
筋欲死。（取三两捣破，以酒一升，煮三四沸，顿服之愈。）狐臭，（用汁涂腋下，绝根本。）
暴赤眼无疮者。（以古铜钱刮净。姜上取汁于钱唇点目。热泪出，今日点，来日愈。）
麻黄 味苦、甘，气温。气味俱薄，阳也，升也。无毒。手太阳及足太阴经、手少阴、
阳明经荣卫药也。（浓朴为之使。恶辛荑、石苇。立秋采茎，阴干，令青。陈久者良。凡使用，折
去根节，用水煮一二沸去沫，不则令人烦闷。）主中风伤寒头痛，温疟，发表出汗，去邪热气，
止咳逆上气，除寒热，破症坚积聚。发太阳、少阴经汗，出表上寒邪，泄卫实，去荣中寒。消
赤黑斑毒。治身上毒风，麻痹不仁。不可多服，令人虚。根节能止汗。小儿疮 倒 黑者。（去节
半两，以蜜一匙同炒良久，水半斤煎沸去沫。再煎去二分之一，乘热尽服之。避风，其疮复出。
一法用无灰酒煎，效更速。）
白芷 味辛，气温。气味俱轻，阳也。无毒。阳明经引经药，手阳明经本经药。（当归为
之使。恶旋复花。）主女人
漏下赤白，血闭阴肿，寒热风侵头目泪出。长肌肤润泽，可作面脂去面瘢。手阳明头痛、中
风寒热，解利药也。治风通用，去肺经风热，（宜作寒。）治心腹血刺痛。能蚀脓，乳痈发背瘰 ，
肠风痔 ，一切疮疥，排脓止痛，内托生肌。又与辛荑、细辛同用，治鼻塞病。
本 味辛、苦，气温。气浓味薄，阳也，升也。无毒。太阳经本经药。（恶 茹。畏
青葙子。采根曝干，三十日成。）主妇人疝瘕，阴中寒肿痛，腹中急。除风头痛，长肌肤，
悦颜色。太阳经风药。治寒邪结郁及本经头痛，顶颠痛，大寒犯脑，脑齿痛。引诸药上至颠顶，
清明前立秋后，凡中雾露之气皆湿邪中于上焦，白木汤中加木香同治之，此既治风又治湿也。
天麻 味辛、甘，气平。无毒。（五月采根，曝干。其苗名定风草。）主头风诸风，湿痹，四
肢拘挛。小儿风痫惊气，利腰膝强筋力，通血脉、关窍。久服益气轻身长年。又主诸毒恶气，
鬼疰蛊毒，支满寒疝，热毒痈肿。《衍义》云∶凡用须别药相佐使，然后见功，仍须多用之。
赤箭（一云即天麻苗也。）味辛、气温。无毒。主杀鬼精物，蛊毒恶气，消痈肿，下支
满，疝气下血。久服益气力，强阴肥健，轻身增年。赤箭则言苗用之，有自表入里之功。天麻
则言根用之，有自内达外之理。
耳实（一名苍耳。）味苦、甘、气温。（子熟时采，日干用。忌食猪肉。入药炒用。古今
方多单用。）主风头寒痛，风湿周痹，四肢拘挛。恶肉死肌，瘰 疥癣瘙痒。久服益气，耳目
聪明，强志轻身，填髓暖腰脚。叶味苦、辛，微寒。治疗同。
秦艽 味苦、辛，气平。微温。阴中微阳。手阳明经药。（菖蒲为之使，罗纹者佳。）主寒
热邪气，寒湿风痹，肢节痛。下水利小便。疗风无问久新，通身挛急。治五种黄病，酒黄黄
疸大效。主传尸骨蒸及时气治下，（牙痛口疮。）黄胆，皮肉眼如金色，小便赤，心烦口干。
（用五两，牛乳三升，煮取一升，分温再服瘥。又方加芒硝一两。）
狗脊 味苦、甘。气平，微温。无毒。（萆 为之使。恶败酱。细锉酒拌蒸，从巳至申。）
主腰背强，关机缓急，周痹寒湿膝痛。颇利老人。疗失溺不节。男子脚弱腰痛。续筋骨，坚利
俯仰，女子伤中。
白藓 味苦、咸。气寒。无毒。（恶螵蛸、桔梗、茯苓、萆 。四月、五月采根，阴干。
根皮良。）主头风黄疽，咳逆淋沥。女子
阴中肿痛，湿痹死肌，不可屈伸，起止行步。治一切热毒风，风疮疥癣赤烂，眉发脱脆。
水萍 味辛、酸，气寒。无毒。（水中大萍，叶圆阔寸许，背紫色。三月采，曝干。）
主暴热身痒，下水气。胜酒，长须发。主消渴。久服轻身。治时行热病，发汗甚有功。五月取
阴干，烧烟灰去蚊。《采萍歌》云∶不在山兮不在岸，采时须在七月半。管甚瘫风与缓风，
些少微风都不算。豆淋酒内下三钱，铁扑头上也出汗。水肿小便不利。（捣汁饮之。又末服方寸匕，
日二服良。）恶疾遍身疮。（浓煮汁，渍浴半月效，此方甚奇古。）
木贼 味甘、微苦。无毒。（四月采，去节锉，以水润湿，火上熏用。）主目疾，退翳膜，
益肝胆，明目，又消积块。疗肠风止痢，及妇人月水不断。又发汗至易。得牛角角 、麝香治休
息痢历久不瘥。得禹余粮，当归、芎 ，疗崩中赤白，得槐鹅、桑耳，疗肠风下血。又与槐子、
枳壳相宜，主痔疾血出。
羊踯躅 味辛、气温。有大毒。（恶诸石及面。不入汤服。二、四月采花，阴干，取花
黄色。羊误食其药踯躅而死。）主贼风在皮肤中淫淫痛，温疟恶毒诸痹，鬼疰蛊毒。
味苦，气寒。有小毒。（四、五、六月采叶，曝干。）主热 ，烦满不能食。生
捣汁服二四合，多则令人唾。五月五日采叶及枝头，洒酒与蜜水九蒸九曝，仍熬捣为末，蜜丸
如梧桐子大。空心温酒或米饮下二、三十丸。多服久服治中风偏麻痹，骨间疼，腰膝无力。
附子 味辛、甘，气温。大热。有大毒。（恶蜈蚣。畏防风、黑豆、甘草、黄 、人参、
乌韭。冬月采为附子，春月采为乌头。凡使水浸，文武火炮令裂，表里皆黄，折去皮脐用。俗
方每用须人参、甘草、生姜相配者，制其毒也。）主风寒咳逆，邪气，温中。金疮。破 坚积
聚血瘕，寒湿 ，拘挛膝痛，不能行步。腰脊风寒，阴毒。伤寒烦躁，迷闷不省，四肢厥逆，
心腹冷痛，霍乱转筋，下痢赤白。除肾中寒甚，白术为佐。除湿之圣药。又堕胎，为百药之长。
通行诸经引用之药，入手少阳三焦、命门，性走而不守，浮中沉无所不至，阳中之阳，故行而
不止，非若干姜止而不行。丹溪云∶童便煮而浸之，以杀其毒，且可助下行之力，入盐尤捷。
此佐使之药，世俗相袭用为治风及补药，杀人多矣。治疔肿甚者。
生末，醋调涂之，干即再涂。）口噤卒不开，（用末纳管中，吹入喉中瘥。）久患口疮，
（生末醋面调，男左女右，贴脚心，日再掺。）香港脚连脚肿满，久不瘥。（生末，生姜汁调如膏，
涂敷肿上，干再涂之。）
乌头 味辛、甘，气温，大热。有大毒。（远志为之使，反半夏、栝蒌、贝母、白蔹、
Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) Tastes pungent and bitter, with a slightly warm qi. Its taste is strong while its qi is light, belonging to yang within yin, and possesses slight toxicity. (It fears Baiji [Bletillae Rhizoma], Longyan [Longan Fruit], and Longdan [Gentianae Radix]. When used, remove the head and lateral branches, soak in rice washing water overnight, then dry by baking.) It primarily treats stabbing pain in the chest and hypochondrium, abdominal fullness with low-pitched borborygmi, fright, palpitations, and qi disturbance. It treats nasal coldness and throat obstruction (Houbi), benefits the qi of the pharynx, chest, and diaphragm, treats lung heat causing急促 breathing and coughing with reversed qi, eliminates phlegm and saliva, treats lung abscess (Fei Yong), promotes pus discharge, nourishes blood, and supplements internal leakage. It treats diarrhea, breaks up blood stasis and qi stagnation, and treats sudden evil invasion (Zhong E). It expels gu poison and pediatric convulsions or adverse influences from external pathogens. It can carry other herbs downward without sinking, hence the name "Keel" (Zhouji). For harsh purgatives like Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) that drain downwards, this herb is essential to guide their efficacy to the highest part of the chest. It can also lift and raise qi and blood, making it suitable for use in formulas regulating qi and blood. Combined with Muli [Ostreae Concha] and Yuanzhi [Polygalae Radix], it treats anger and resentment; combined with Xiaoshi [Natrii Nitras] and Shigao [Gypsum Fibrosum], it treats Shanghan (Cold Damage).
Zisu (Perillae Folium) Tastes pungent and sweet, with a warm temperature. It primarily descends qi, dispels cold in the middle jiao, releases the muscle layer, and vents the exterior. It treats heart and abdominal fullness. It opens the stomach and promotes appetite. It treats Hongjiaojiao (Beriberi), unblocks the large and small intestines. Boiled as juice and drunk, it treats crab poisoning. The seeds are even better, treating lung asthma and wheezing, coughing with reversed qi, moistening the lungs and heart, eliminating phlegm and qi, treating damp-wind qi stagnation in the waist and legs, harmonizing the middle and descending qi, treating Huoluan (Cholera-like syndrome) vomiting and regurgitation, benefiting urination and defecation, breaking up masses, and eliminating five diaphragms (stagnation in the chest/abdomen).
Gu Gen (Zizania Latiflora Rhizome) Tastes sweet, with a great cold qi, and is non-toxic. (Southern people call it Jiao.) It primarily treats chronic heat in the intestines and stomach, xiaoke (wasting-thirst), and stops frequent urination.
Lugen (Phragmitis Rhizoma) Tastes sweet, with a cold qi. It primarily treats Chi Dan (red carbuncle) in children, treats various sores, carbuncles, back infections, and breast swelling, applied externally after crushing. It also treats poison arrows and snake/insect bites. It treats restless fetus during pregnancy, threatened miscarriage with bleeding, maternal pre- and post-partum vexation and oppression, epidemic febrile diseases, extreme thirst and mania, and heart heat caused by taking mineral drugs; all are treated by decocting and drinking. Soaking Lugen juice treats xiaoke. Lu Ma (Reed catkins) used as a pillow by postpartum women stops hemorrhagic dizziness and stops postpartum abdominal pain at the umbilicus. For scorpion bites, drink the juice. Currently, if reeds are near silkworm eggs, silkworms will not hatch.
Ganjiao Gen (Musa Basjoo Root) Tastes sweet, with a great cold qi, and is non-toxic. It primarily treats carbuncles, heat accumulation, back infections and various toxins, pediatric erysipelas (Chi You); apply externally after crushing, changing when dry. It treats postpartum blood distension and oppression, epidemic fever with severe vexation and xiaoke, and heat agitation from mineral drugs; take expressed juice. Jiao You (Banana oil) treats dark wind epilepsy with salivation, dizziness, and fainting; inducing vomiting brings recovery, with miraculous effects. It is also used by women to blacken hair and prevent falling off. Extract it by inserting a bamboo tube into the bark, similar to tapping lacquer.
Lugen (Phragmitis Rhizoma) Tastes sweet, with a cold qi. It treats xiaoke and pathogenic heat, stops frequent urination. Treats febrile diseases with alternating chills and fever, vexation, and maternal heart heat. Treats vomiting, hiccups, inability to eat, and stomach heat. Decocting and taking immediately is effective; it resolves food and fish/crab poisoning. Its flower is called Peng Rong, which treats sudden critical Huoluan; take one handful, boil to a thick decoction, and drink two sheng at once for immediate cure.
Lan Cao (Eupatorii Herba) Tastes pungent and sweet, with neutral to cold qi, and is non-toxic. (Yanyi states: it is the orchid fragrant plant blooming in spring and autumn, used in decoctions.) It primarily benefits water passages, kills insect toxins, wards off misfortune, treats phlegm retention in the chest, and long-term use benefits qi, lightens the body, prevents aging, and connects with spirit. It eliminates various bi syndromes and dissipates long-standing stagnant qi very effectively. Its fragrance generates fluids and stops thirst; xiaoke conditions cannot be relieved without it, and it is essential for various bi syndromes.
Duo Ruo (Polliae Rhizoma) Tastes pungent, with a slightly warm qi, and is non-toxic. (Works well with Xin Yi and Xixin. Fears Chaihu and Qianhu. Harvest roots and dry in sun. Treats rebellious qi under chest and hypochondrium, warms the middle, wind entering Naohu (GV17), headache and swelling, excessive tears and mucus, dizziness and blurred vision. Removes bad breath; long-term use benefits essence and eyes, lightens the body, and improves memory.)
Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) (Also known as Qianghuo.) Tastes bitter, sweet, and pungent, with neutral qi and slightly warm temperature. Both taste and qi are light, belonging to yang and ascending. (Later generations distinguish them: purple with dense nodes is Qianghuo; yellow and blocky is Duhuo. Qianghuo has vigorous qi, Duhuo has subtle qi.) Treats injuries from wind-cold, golden wounds stopping bleeding, Ben Tun (gas attacking upward), epilepsy, and female Shan Jia (masses). Treats various thief winds and joint gout, regardless of duration. Long-term use lightens the body and delays aging. (Ben Jing did not distinguish them.)
Qianghuo is a wind herb for the Hand and Foot Taiyang meridians, and also for the Foot Jueyin and Shaoyin meridians. It treats thief wind causing aphasia, itching, blood leprosy, hemiplegia, and facial paralysis. It treats joint pain and whole-body pain, which cannot be removed without it. Adding Chuanxiong to treat warm-damp wind addresses Taiyang and Shaoyin pain. Duhuo is a herb for the Foot Shaoyin meridian, treating wind pain and latent wind in Shaoyin but not Taiyang; thus, cold-damp bi in both legs preventing movement requires it. It also treats wind-toothache; adding Xixin treats Shaoyin headache.
Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) Tastes sweet and bitter, with neutral qi and slightly cold temperature. Taste is thin, qi is strong, belonging to yin within yang. Non-toxic. It is the primary herb for the Yangming meridian, also entering the Hand Yangming and Taiyin meridians. (Light and black, firm quality is best. Peeled greenish ones are also good, called Chicken Bone Shengma. Remove black skin and rot.) Treats hundred poisons, kills spirits and ghosts, wards off plague and miasma, evil qi and gu poison. Decoct thick juice and drink; anything ingested is vomited out. Treats Zhong E abdominal pain, epidemic toxic pestilence, headache with chills and fever, pediatric wind epilepsy, epidemic wind-heat, swelling, carbuncles, sore throat, and mouth ulcers. It is the holy medicine for wound practitioners, treating Lung萎 (Flaccidity) and Lung Abscess, coughing up pus and blood. It governs Spleen and Stomach, clears heat between muscles, is a key wind-treating herb for Hand and Foot Yangming meridians, and disperses wind evil of its own meridian. If yuan qi is insufficient and yang qi sinks, use this to lift yang qi upward. Pi Bi (Spleen Bi) requires the tip to resolve. Epidemic rashes spreading rapidly over head and body like fireburn, fatal in days if untreated: decoct five liang, dip cotton in juice and wash. Pediatric smallpox and chickenpox with restlessness: same formula.
Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) Tastes greatly pungent, with warm temperature. Qi is strong and yang. Non-toxic. It is the guiding herb for the Hand Shaoyin meridian. (Fears Yelangdu, Shanzhuyu, Huangqin. Fears Xiaoshi and Huashi. Incompatible with Lilu. Best from Huayin. Dry in shade. Avoid raw vegetables. Powder alone should not exceed a coin-sized scoop, as blocked qi causes death.) Treats coughing with reversed qi, headache, brain pain, joint spasms, wind-damp bi pain. Eliminates dead flesh, warms middle and descends qi, breaks phlegm and opens chest stagnation. Relieves toothache, bad breath, throat obstruction, nasal abscess, wind-tearing, wind epilepsy, milk stasis, anhidrosis, and blood stasis. Calms organs, benefits liver and gallbladder, unites essence and qi. Long-term use brightens eyes, benefits nine orifices, lightens body, and prolongs life. Treats Shaoyin headache miraculously; use sparingly. Use Duhuo as assistant. A general herb for wind. Warms yin meridians and removes internal cold. Indispensable for exterior symptoms with interior pathogen, head and face wind pain. Combined with Danggui, Shaoyao, Baizhi, Xiongnu, Mudan, Gaoben, and Gancao, it treats women's diseases. Combined with Jueming, Carp bile, and Blue Sheep liver, it treats eye pain, bad breath, and swollen teeth. (Decoct thick juice, hold hot and spit cold; cured.)
Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) Tastes sweet and pungent, with warm temperature. Pure yang. Non-toxic. It travels through Spleen and Stomach meridians. Primary herb for Taiyang meridian. It serves wherever guided. (Favors Ganjiang, Lilu, Bailian, Qianghua. Kills Fuzi toxicity. Solid, oily, firm nodes are good. Remove rhizome and forked ends.) Treats severe wind, vertigo, headache, aversion to wind, wind evil causing blindness, wind circulating whole body, joint bi pain. Vexation and fullness, wandering head and face, limb spasms, internal spasms from golden wounds, general wind treatment. Drains lung excess, disperses stagnant qi in head and eyes, immortal herb for removing upper jiao wind evil. Misuse drains upper jiao yuan qi. Also removes dampness; all wind herbs do this as wind overcomes dampness; it is also a moistening agent among herbs. Body treats wind above half the body, tips treat wind below half. Combined with Zexie and Gaoben treats wind. Combined with Danggui, Shaoyao, Qishi, and Yuyuliang treats uterine wind in women.
Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) Tastes pungent, with warm temperature and great heat. Qi is thin, taste is strong, yin within yang. Non-toxic. (Qinjiao is its assistant. Favors Huangqin and Huanglian.) Treats chest fullness, coughing with reversed qi, warms middle and stops bleeding, induces sweating to drive out wind-damp bi, intestinal rumbling and diarrhea. Raw is pungent, disperses cold evil, removes wind-cold-damp bi. Enters Lung to benefit Lung qi, treats Lung cold cough. Combined with Wuweizi to overcome cold. Processed becomes slightly bitter, stays in place, warms middle and regulates Spleen, treats interior cold diarrhea, Huoluan distension, abdominal cold pain, middle/lower jiao cold-damp. For deep cold and stubborn cold, kidney yang deficiency, impending pulse collapse, use Hei Fuzi as guide. Processed with yin-nourishing herbs guides blood herbs into qi level to generate blood, treats blood deficiency fever, essential for postpartum high fever. Charred stops spitting blood and bloody diarrhea, unlimited watery diarrhea (charred powder mixed with porridge drink, one qian, immediate effect). Bloody dysentery (charred to ash, powder, one qian with rice drink). Yin-Yang exchange disease after Shanghan (four liang powder, soup mix, drink at once, cover with blankets to sweat).
Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) Tastes pungent and sweet, slightly warm. Light taste and qi, yang. Non-toxic. Peeling makes it hot; keeping peel makes it cold. Kills Banxia toxicity. Fresh is best. Treats Shanghan headache, nasal congestion, coughing with reversed qi. Enters Lung, opens stomach, benefits Spleen and Stomach. Disperses wind-cold, treats phlegm cough. Stops vomiting, holy medicine for vomit-prone individuals. Long-term use removes bad odor, connects spirit. Healthy people should not eat at night as night qi prefers stillness. With Dazao, it thickens intestines. Raw with Banxia treats acute epigastric pain. Juice with honey treats internal heat and inability to eat. Juice with almond paste boiled into paste, mixed with water, resolves all qi knots, chest/diaphragm cold/heat obstruction miraculously. Treats dysentery (cut like hemp seeds, brew with good tea, sip freely). Huoluan with diarrhea and cramps nearing death (three liang crushed, one sheng wine, boil three-four times, drink at once). Body odor (apply juice to armpits, cures root). Sudden red eyes without sores (scrape ancient copper coin, apply ginger juice to eye corner; tears flow, cured next day).
Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) Tastes bitter and sweet, warm temperature. Thin taste and qi, yang, ascending. Non-toxic. Ying-Wei herb for Hand Taiyang, Foot Taiyin, Hand Shaoyin, and Yangming meridians. (Mudou is assistant. Favors Xin Yi and Shiwei. Harvest stems at Start of Autumn, dry in shade until green. Aged is good. When using, break off root joints, boil water one-two boils to remove foam, otherwise causes vexation.) Treats wind-stroke and Shanghan headache, warm malaria, releases exterior and induces sweating, removes pathogenic heat, stops coughing with reversed qi, removes chills and fever, breaks hard masses and accumulations. Induces sweating in Taiyang and Shaoyin meridians, expels exterior cold, drains Wei excess, removes Ying cold. Eliminates red/black spot toxins. Treats toxic wind on body, numbness. Do not overdose as it causes deficiency. Root joints stop sweating. For pediatric sores turning black (remove joints, half liang, stir-fry with one spoon honey, half jin water, boil remove foam, boil again reduce by half, drink hot avoiding wind, sores recur. Alternative: use clear wine, faster effect).
Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) Tastes pungent, warm temperature. Light taste and qi, yang. Non-toxic. Guiding herb for Yangming meridian, primary herb for Hand Yangming. (Danggui is assistant. Favors Xuanfuhua.) Treats women's leukorrhea (red/white), blood closure, vulvar swelling, wind-cold-heat invading head/eyes causing tearing. Promotes skin growth and luster, can be made into facial cream to remove scars. Treats Hand Yangming headache, wind-cold-heat, resolving herb. General wind herb, removes Lung wind-heat (treat as cold), treats heart/abdominal stabbing blood pain. Erodes pus, treats mastitis, back carbuncles, scrofula, intestinal wind hemorrhoids, all sores/scratches, promotes pus discharge, stops pain, internally supports tissue regeneration. Combined with Xin Yi and Xixin treats nasal congestion.
Gaoben (Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix) Tastes pungent and bitter, warm temperature. Strong qi, thin taste, yang, ascending. Non-toxic. Primary herb for Taiyang meridian. (Favors Tingli. Fears Qingxiangzi. Harvest roots, sun dry 30 days.) Treats female Shan Jia, cold painful swelling in vagina, abdominal urgency. Removes wind headache, promotes skin growth, beautifies complexion. Taiyang wind herb. Treats cold evil stagnation and Taiyang headache, vertex pain, severe cold invading brain, brain/tooth pain. Guides other herbs to vertex. Before Qingming and after Start of Autumn, fog/mist dampness attacks upper jiao; add Muxiang to Bai Mu Tang to treat wind and damp simultaneously.
Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) Tastes pungent and sweet, neutral temperature. Non-toxic. (Harvest roots in May, sun dry. Seedling is named Ding Feng Cao.) Treats head wind and various winds, damp bi, limb spasms. Pediatric wind epilepsy and fright, benefits waist/knees, strengthens sinews/bones, unites blood vessels and orifices. Long-term use benefits qi, lightens body, prolongs life. Treats various toxins and evil qi, ghost transmission, gu poison, fullness, cold hernia, heat-toxin carbuncles. Yanyi states: must be combined with other herbs to show efficacy, use large doses.
Chijian (One claim: Tianma seedling) Tastes pungent, warm temperature. Non-toxic. Kills spirits, gu poison, evil qi, reduces carbuncles, lowers fullness, stops hernia bleeding. Long-term use benefits strength, strengthens yin, fattens and builds, lightens body, increases years. Chijian refers to seedling use, working from exterior to interior. Tianma refers to root use, working from interior to exterior.
Canger Shi (Xanthii Fructus) (Also Cang Er.) Tastes bitter, sweet, warm. (Harvest ripe seeds, sun dry. Avoid pork. Stir-fry for medicine. Often used alone in ancient/modern formulas.) Treats head wind cold pain, wind-damp generalized bi, limb spasms. Eliminates foul flesh and dead muscle, scrofula, tinea pruritus. Long-term use benefits qi, brightens ears/eyes, strengthens will, lightens body, fills marrow, warms waist/legs. Leaves taste bitter/pungent, slightly cold. Same treatment.
Qin Jiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix) Tastes bitter and pungent, neutral temperature, slightly warm. Yin with slight yang. Hand Yangming herb. (Changpu is assistant, striped texture is best.) Treats chills/fever evil, cold-damp wind bi, joint pain. Benefits water passages and urination. Treats wind regardless of duration, whole-body spasms. Treats five types of jaundice, especially alcohol jaundice. Treats corpse transmission bone steaming and epidemic treatments, (toothache/mouth ulcers). Jaundice with golden skin, red urine, vexation, dry mouth. (Five liang, three sheng cow milk, boil to one sheng, divide into two warm doses. Alternative: add one liang Mangxiao.)
Gouji (Cibotii Rhizoma) Tastes bitter and sweet, neutral temperature, slightly warm. Non-toxic. (Bixie is assistant. Favors Baijiang. Finely cut, mix with wine, steam from Si to Shen hours.) Treats stiff back/waist, joint laxity/tightness, generalized cold-damp knee pain. Beneficial for elderly. Treats urinary incontinence. Men's weak legs/lower back pain. Continues sinews/bones, strengthens bending/stretching, treats women's internal injury.
Baixianpi (Dictamni Cortex) Tastes bitter and salty, cold temperature. Non-toxic. (Favors Piaoxiao, Jiegeng, Fuling, Bixie. Harvest roots Apr/May, dry in shade. Root bark is best.) Treats head wind jaundice, coughing with dribbling urine. Women's vulvar painful swelling, damp bi dead muscle, inability to bend/extend or walk. Treats all heat-toxin wind, wind sores/tinea/red erosion, brittle eyebrows/hair.
Shui Ping (Azollae Herba) Tastes pungent and sour, cold temperature. Non-toxic. (Large aquatic fern, round leaves inch wide, purple back. Harvest Mar, sun dry.) Treats sudden fever and itching, moves lower jiao qi. Overcomes alcohol, grows beard/hair. Treats xiaoke. Long-term use lightens body. Treats epidemic febrile diseases, powerful sweating agent. Harvest May, dry in shade, burn smoke to repel mosquitoes. Cai Ping Ge says: Not in mountains nor banks, harvest July 15th. Paralysis wind or mild wind doesn't matter. Three qian in bean-leavened wine induces sweating even on iron helmet. Edema with poor urination (crush juice drink, or powder one cun bi twice daily). Evil diseases with body sores (boil thick juice, soak bath half month, effective, ancient method).
Mu Zei (Equiseti Herba) Tastes sweet, slightly bitter. Non-toxic. (Harvest Apr, remove joints, cut, moisten, smoke over fire.) Treats eye diseases, removes nebula, benefits liver/gallbladder, brightens eyes, reduces masses. Treats intestinal wind dysentery, women's continuous menstruation. Induces sweating easily. Combined with Niu Jiao and She Xiang treats chronic dysentery. Combined with Yuyuliang, Danggui, Chuanxiong treats metrorrhagia with red/white discharge. Combined with Huai E and Sang Er treats intestinal wind bleeding. Compatible with Huai Zi and Zhi Ke, treats hemorrhoid bleeding.
Yang Zhi Zhu (Rhododendri Mollis Flos) Tastes pungent, warm temperature. Great toxicity. (Favors stones and flour. Not for decoction. Harvest flowers Feb/Apr, dry in shade, select yellow flowers. Goats die stumbling after eating.) Treats thief wind itching pain in skin, warm malaria toxic bi, ghost transmission gu poison.
Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix) Tastes bitter, cold temperature. Slight toxicity. (Harvest leaves Apr/Jun/Jul, sun dry.) Treats hot sores, vexation, inability to eat. Crush fresh juice, drink two-four he, too much causes spitting. Harvest leaves/tips May 5th, sprinkle wine/honey, steam/sun dry nine times, grind powder, honey pills wu tong size. Empty stomach with warm wine/rice drink, 20-30 pills. Long-term use treats stroke hemiplegia, bone pain, weak waist/knees.
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) Tastes pungent and sweet, warm temperature. Great heat. Great toxicity. (Favors Wugong. Favors Fangfeng, Heidou, Gancao, Huangqin, Renshen, Wujiu. Winter harvest is Fuzi, Spring is Wutou. Soak water, fire roast until cracked, yellow inside/outside, remove skin/navel. Common formulas combine with Renshen, Gancao, Shengjiang to control toxicity.) Treats wind-cold cough/reversed qi, evil qi, warms middle. Golden wounds. Breaks hard masses, blood stasis, cold-damp bi, knee spasms, inability to walk. Waist/spine wind-cold, yin toxicity. Shanghan vexation, confusion, unconsciousness, cold limbs, heart/abdominal cold pain, Huoluan cramps, bloody/non-bloody dysentery. Removes severe kidney cold, assisted by Baizhu. Holy medicine for dampness. Causes abortion, chief of hundred herbs. Guides herbs through all meridians, enters Shaoyang Sanjiao and Mingmen, moves without staying, reaches floating/middle/deep levels, yang within yang, moves continuously unlike Ganjiang. Danxi says: Cook/soak in child urine to kill toxicity and assist downward movement, salt is fastest. This assistant herb is commonly misused for wind/nourishment, killing many. Treats severe ding sores (raw powder mixed with vinegar, apply, repeat when dry). Sudden jaw lock (powder in tube, blow into throat). Chronic mouth ulcers (raw powder vinegar/flour, men left/women right foot sole, twice daily). Beriberi with leg swelling (raw powder ginger juice paste, apply to swelling, repeat when dry).
Wutou (Aconiti Radix) Tastes pungent and sweet, warm temperature, great heat. Great toxicity. (Yuanzhi is assistant. Incompatible with Banxia, Gualou, Beimu, Bailian,)