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The *Mai Jing* (Pulse Classic) states: In children, if the pulse is deep and rapid, it indicates heat in the bones. If the pulse is floating, large, and rapid, it indicates wind-heat. If a child's pulse beats eight or nine times per respiration, it signifies fever. The *Nan Jing* (Classic of Difficult Issues) states: Regarding the pulses of heat diseases, the yin and yang pulses at all three positions are floating, or they are floating and rapid.

For heart heat, symptoms include grinding teeth with upward deviation of the head, redness of the face, and shaking of the head; treat primarily with Xiexin Tang (Heart-Draining Decoction). For liver heat, symptoms include hands seeking clothing and randomly twisting objects; treat primarily with Xieqing Wan (Liver-Draining Pill). For spleen heat, the heat resides in the muscles, worsening upon exposure to heat, accompanied by lethargy and drowsiness, body fever with thirst, and flaccidity of the four limbs; treat primarily with Xiehuang San (Spleen-Heat-Draining Powder). For lung heat, symptoms include fingers picking at the eyebrows, worsening in the evening, wheezing and coughing with aversion to cold and fever, high fever with thirst; for mild cases, use Xiebai San (Lung-Heat-Draining Powder), and for severe cases, use Liangge San (Cooling the Diaphragm Powder). For kidney heat, the two feet dislike wearing shoes and socks; however, this condition relates to the area below the navel, which is governed by the kidney, as heart qi descends to the kidney region; treat primarily with Dongyuan's Zishen Dihuang Wan (Kidney-Nourishing Rehmannia Pill).

Chao Re (Tidal Fever) arises from contracting pathogenic factors during Shanghan (Cold Damage) or time-specific epidemics. When yin qi is insufficient and yang qi is excessive, sudden injury by yang pathogens causes blood and qi to stagnate and fail to circulate freely. This congestion and rebellion transmit to the Foot Yangming Meridian, resulting in tidal fever occurring twice daily or once daily, akin to the tide arriving on schedule. The *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage) states: Tidal fever is excess heat; one should promote bowel movements. For excess patterns, use Daxiehu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) to purge; for deficiency patterns, use Baijie San (Hundred-Release Powder) to induce sweating.

Jing Re (Fright Heat) presents with body tremors and fever, cyanosis of the face, spontaneous sweating, palpitations and restlessness, rapid pulse with irritability, shouting and mental confusion; treat primarily with Qian Shi's Liangjing Wan (Cooling Fright Pill) and Anshen Wan (Spirit-Calming Pill). Ye Re (Night Fever) is characterized by fever occurring at night, indicating yang pathogens within the yin aspect; treat primarily with Siwu Tang (Four Substance Decoction) and Erlian Tang (Two-Linked Decoction) from *Yuan Rong*.

Shi Re (Excess Heat) manifests as heat in the palms, initial heat in the abdomen and back, belching and regurgitation of milk, and sour-smelling stools; treat primarily with Xiaji Wan (Stagnation-Purging Pill). Gan Re (Gangrene/Emaciation Heat) involves emaciation with excessive thirst, poor weight gain despite eating, bone-steaming night sweats, irregular diarrhea, abdominal distension, and weak legs; treat with Longdan Wan (Gentian Pill), Huhuanglian Wan (Coptis Pill), or Lushui Wan (Aloe Pill). Zhuang Re (Violent/High Fever) persists continuously due to congestion and fullness of blood and qi, generating heat in the five zang organs that steams internally, causing restless sleep and mental confusion, while radiating externally to cause simultaneous interior-exterior heat, irritability, coarse breathing, and potentially convulsions; treat primarily with Huofu Dan (Fire Mansion Pellet). Fan Re (Vexing Heat) involves mental restlessness, vexation and heat in the five centers, warm and hot extremities, and dark, scanty urination; treat primarily with Yili Jindan (Single Grain Golden Pellet).

Ji Re (Accumulated Heat) presents with red cheeks and mouth ulcers. If accumulation is lower, it causes swelling of the waist and legs; if interior-exterior excess, it causes body fever and difficult urination; if deficiency, fever persists after sweating or purging. Etiologies include internal consumption of fried/spicy foods, harsh tonification with hot herbs, or external exposure to warmth and stoves. This represents accumulated heat from interior and exterior sources, distinct from food stagnation heat; treat primarily with Sanhuang Wan (Three-Yellow Pill) or Sishun Yin (Four-Obeying Drink).

Feng Re (Wind Heat) presents with fever after sweating, yawning, red face, triggered by undressing and exposure to wind pathogens invading the skin and hair, causing aversion to wind, fever, dry eyes, and somnolence. Excess yang leads to fever without sweat; excess yin leads to coldness with sweat; excess of both leads to coldness without sweat. The classics state: Fever after sweating is wind heat; treat primarily with Xiaofeng San (Wind-Dispersing Powder) or Luxia Wan (Green Mist Pill).

Xu Re (Deficiency Heat) occurs after excessive depletion following treatment for cold or various fevers via sweating or purging, where qi and blood are unregulated, compounded by dietary or labor injuries. Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, cyanotic-pale complexion, diarrhea, polyuria, spontaneous sweating, mental dullness, sighing, and weakness. It also includes sequelae of chronic cough, diarrhea, dysentery, malaria, or bleeding. Prolonged illness depletes qi and blood; qi deficiency leads to syncope, blood deficiency leads to fever, and combined deficiency leads to cold extremities with body fever; treat primarily with Xingxing San (Awakening Powder), Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction), or Qian Shi's Baizhu San (Atractylodes Powder).

Ke Re (Guest Heat) results from yang pathogens interfering with the heart. If the heart is affected, heat appears on the forehead, starting at the head and face before spreading to the body, accompanied by mental confusion, fright, and startle at sounds. This stems from deficiency of true qi and dominance of pathogenic qi. As pathogens dominate, true qi struggles against them, causing intermittent thirst and unpredictable progression, like a guest coming and going; hence "Guest Heat." Treat primarily with Daochi San (Guide Out Redness Powder) or Huanglian Xiexin Tang (Coptis Heart-Draining Decoction).

Pi Re (Mass Heat) involves salivation, coughing, and thirst due to incomplete digestion of milk and food, leading to latent accumulation in the middle jiao forming masses. First nourish fluids with Baizhu San, then resolve phlegm-saliva with Zhenzhu Wan (Pearl Pill) or dissolve with Miaowan (Wonderful Pill).

Han Re (Cold and Heat Alternation) resembles malaria, reflecting mutual conquest of yin and yang. Chills preceding fever indicate yang insufficiency; fever preceding chills indicate yin insufficiency. More chills than fever indicates yin conquering yang; more fever than chills indicates yang conquering yin; equal amounts indicate yin-yang conflict; alternating every other day indicates temporary separation of yin and yang. Yang excess causes fever; yin excess causes chills. Accompanying symptoms may include headache with sweating, vomiting with anorexia, aversion to cold with thirst, high fever with desire for warm drinks, bone-joint pain, diarrhea or constipation, interior cold with exterior heat, or interior heat with exterior cold. Abdominal pain with cold and borborygmus with heat suggest food stagnation. For food stagnation, purge with Baibing Zi (White Cake Pills), followed by tonification with Qian Shi's Baizhu San. For more chills than fever, use Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) plus Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig). For more fever than chills, use Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction). For equal chills and fever, use Xiaochaihu Tang.

Xue Re (Blood Heat) presents as fever between 9 AM and 3 PM (Si and Wu hours), cooling at night; treat primarily with Liuhe Tang (Six-Harmony Decoction). Douzhen Re (Smallpox/Rubella Heat) is characterized by cold ears and nose tips; treat with Renshen Baidu San (Ginseng Detoxifying Powder), Shengma Gegen Tang (Kudzu and Cimicifuga Decoction), or Shen Su Yin (Ginseng and Perilla Drink).