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Zhao Yangkui, in *Wuxing Lun* (Treatise on the Five Elements), stated: "The world says that Metal generates Water, but I alone say that Water generates Metal. The Lung exhales Qi, and the Kidney receives Qi. Whenever Qi rebels and rushes upward from below the navel, this is due to Kidney deficiency failing to receive and return Qi to its origin. One should not merely focus on treating the Lung; rather, one should strengthen the master of Water (nourish Kidney Yin) and benefit the source of Fire (warm Kidney Yang), so that Metal will be generated within Water." Tang Dalei added: "Water generating Metal is the opposite perspective of Metal generating Water. The world knows only one side of this relationship and ignores the other. Such matters depend entirely on one's ability to comprehend deeply."

*Suzhen* (Plain Questions) · *Tongping Xushi Lun* (Treatise on Excess and Deficiency in General Evaluation) states: "The Yellow Emperor asked: What about hematochezia? Qibo replied: If the body is hot, death ensues; if the body is cold, life is preserved." Wu Hegao commented: "Body heat indicates blood corruption and the solitary existence of Yang, hence death." Tang Dalei added: "In cases of intestinal dysentery with hematochezia accompanied by body heat, there are three scenarios: First, when exterior pathogens sink into the Yangming channel, adding Ge Gen (Puerariae Radix) allows Stomach Qi to ascend, leading to recovery. Second, when Yin excess repels Yang, although it is a critical condition, survival is possible using warming herbs. Third, body heat resulting from the exhaustion of Yin Qi is incurable according to medical principles. Wu Hegao only noted the solitary existence of Yang; thus, Yang sinking and Yin repelling Yang do not fall under this specific category. If one rigidly adheres to Wu's commentary, one might mistakenly believe that such cases involve only solitary Yang, or even that all body heat leads to death. Therefore, it is said that reading requires grasping the core essence."

Li Nian'e, in *Zhanghong Lun* (Treatise on Distension and Swelling), cited four types of excess distension, two types of deficiency distension, three types of cold distension, and one type of heat distension from *Neijing*, as well as various swellings caused by the Six Qi and Five Movements. However, there are summarizing statements such as: 'All dampness, swelling, and fullness belong to the Spleen'; 'The root is in the Kidney, the branch is in the Lung, all are accumulations of water'; and 'The Kidney is the gate of the Stomach; if the gate is not functional, water accumulates and spreads according to its kind.' This shows that swellings can occur in all meridians, none of which do not stem from the Spleen, Lung, and Kidney. Tang Dalei added: "Current physicians often have biases because they fail to cross-reference differences while reading, becoming confined to a single theory and forming preconceptions. Zhang Luyu, in the Preface to *Yitong*, stated: 'Ancient authors formulated their theories focusing on only one aspect.' This is indeed true. Thus, this is cited as a method for comprehensive reference in reading."