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Ren Mai (Conception Vessel), along with Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel), both originate from Bao Zhong (Uterus/Womb), ascend along the interior of the spine, and serve as the Sea of Meridians. Its branches that float outwardly follow the abdomen upward, converge at the throat, and branch off to connect with the lips and mouth. When Blood and Qi are abundant, muscles become hot; when Blood alone is abundant, it seeps into and irrigates the skin, generating fine hair. Women have an excess of Qi but a deficiency of Blood because menstruation occurs frequently, thereby injuring both Ren Mai and Chong Mai. The intersecting meridians of Ren and Chong fail to nourish the lips and mouth, resulting in the absence of facial hair. Therefore, when disease affects Ren Mai, men may present with seven types of internal Hernia (Ji Ju) accumulation, while women may present with Leukorrhea (Dai Xia) and Zha Ju (abdominal masses). Thus, *Nei Jing* states: Ren Mai originates below Zhong Ji point, ascends to the pubic hairline, follows the interior of the abdomen, passes through Guan Yuan point, reaches the throat, ascends to the chin, follows the face, and enters the eyes. In total, the course of Ren Mai ascends from Bao Zhong to the eyes, measuring four chi five cun in length, containing twenty-four acupoints (According to *Nei Jing*, there are twenty-eight points on Ren Mai, but one is missing in the text, leaving twenty-seven actual points. Among them, Yin Jiao belongs to Du Mai (Governing Vessel), and Cheng Qi belongs to Foot-Yangming Qiao Mai, so only twenty-four points are recorded here). From Hui Yin to Shen Que (navel), belonging to the lower abdomen, there are eight points.

Hui Yin (One point) (Located between the anus before and urethra after, also named Ping Yi)
Qu Gu (One point) (Also named Hui Gu, located above Heng Gu bone, in the center of the pubic hairline where the artery is palpable; intersection of Ren Mai and Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian)
Zhong Ji (One point) (Four cun below the umbilicus, also named Qi Yuan or Yu Quan; intersection of Foot-Taiyin, Foot-Shaoyin, Foot-Jueyin, and Ren Mai)
Guan Yuan (One point) (Three cun below the umbilicus; Mu-Point of Small Intestine, also named Xia Ji; intersection of Three Yin Meridians and Ren Mai)
Shi Men (One point) (Two cun below the umbilicus, also named Dan Tian; Mu-Point of San Jiao; moxibustion is prohibited for women)
Qi Hai (One point) (Also named Bo Yang or Xia Huang, one and a half cun below the umbilicus)
Yin Jiao (One point) (One cun below the umbilicus)
Shen Que (One point) (At the center of the umbilicus; acupuncture is prohibited. Puncture may cause evil blood to flow from the navel.)

Measurement of the upper lower abdomen requires body cun. If the Bladder is broad, the lower abdomen is long; if the Bladder is narrow, the lower abdomen is short. From the umbilicus to Heng Gu is five cun, to be estimated by mind.

From Qi Men to Jiu Wei, belonging to the middle abdomen, there are seven points.
Shui Fen (One point) (One cun below Xia Wan, i.e., one cun above the umbilicus)
Xia Wan (One point) (Also named You Men, one cun below Jian Li; intersection of Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian and Ren Mai)
Jian Li (One point) (One cun below Zhong Wan)
Zhong Wan (One point) (Four cun above the umbilicus; Mu-Point of Stomach; intersection of Three Yang Meridians and Ren Mai, also named Shang Ji)
Shang Wan (One point) (One and a half cun below Ju Que, three cun away from the xiphoid process; intersection of Ren Mai, Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian, and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian)
Ju Que (One point) (One cun below Jiu Wei; Mu-Point of Heart)
Jiu Wei (One point) (At the end of the xiphoid process, named for its shape resembling a magpie's tail. Five fen below the xiphoid process. If no distinct xiphoid process exists, take one cun down from the bifurcation bone.)

The seven points in the upper middle abdomen span eight cun from Jiu Wei to the umbilicus. However, since stomach sizes vary, one should not rigidly adhere to body cun. Measure from the xiphoid process to the umbilicus as eight cun, and select points according to their respective regions.

From Jiu Wei up to the depression below the laryngeal prominence, belonging to the Ying Shu region, there are seven points.
Zhong Ting (One point) (One cun six fen below Dan Zhong)
Dan Zhong (One point) (Also named Yuan Er, one cun six fen below Yu Tang, directly between the two breasts)
Yu Tang (One point) (Also named Yu Ying, one cun six fen below Zi Gong)
Zi Gong (One point) (One cun six fen below Hua Gai)
Hua Gai (One point) (One cun below Xuan Ji)
Xuan Ji (One point) (One cun below Tian Tu, in the depression)
Tian Tu (One point) (Four cun below the laryngeal prominence, in the hollow, also named Yu Hu)
Two points in the chin/jaw region:
Lian Quan (One point) (Below the chin, above the laryngeal prominence, below the root of the tongue; intersection of Yin Wei Mai and Ren Mai; take with head tilted back)
Cheng Jiang (One point) (Also named Tian Chi, in the depression below the lower lip; intersection of Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian)

Hui Yin (One point), also named Ping Yi, is located between the two yins. It is a collateral branch of Ren Mai and intersects with Du Mai and Qiao Mai. It treats difficult urination, heat pain in the orifices, anal itching, and fatal cases of chronic fistula between hemorrhoids. It treats various diseases of the vagina, mutual pulling pain between front and rear, inability to pass urine and stool, amenorrhea in women, coldness at the tip of the penis in men, and violent rushing pain to the heart. Moxibustion of three Zhu is applicable.

Qu Gu (One point) is located above Heng Gu, in the depression of the pubic hairline, where the pulse is palpable. It is the intersection of Ren Mai and Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. It treats distension and fullness of the lower abdomen, dysuria, hernia with lower abdominal pain, red and white leukorrhea, and lochia retention in women. Moxibustion of seven Zhu up to forty-nine Zhu is applicable. Acupuncture depth is two cun.

Zhong Ji (One point), also named Yu Quan or Qi Yuan, is one cun below Guan Yuan. It is the Mu-Point of the Bladder and the intersection of Foot-Taiyin, Foot-Shaoyin, Foot-Jueyin, and Ren Mai. It treats five types of Lin syndrome, dark and scanty urination, seminal emission, subumbilical mass like an inverted cup, deficiency and exhaustion of Yang Qi, hernia and edema, Ben Tun (rushing gas) attacking the heart, severe dyspnea, trance or corpse-like coma, and infertility in women. Multiple needle treatments can induce pregnancy. For postpartum lochia retention, irregular menstruation, and blood stasis forming masses, acupuncture depth is eight fen. Retain needle for ten breaths, discharge upon obtaining De Qi. Moxibustion of one hundred Zhu up to three hundred Zhu is applicable.

Guan Yuan (One point) is three cun below the umbilicus. It is the Mu-Point of the Small Intestine and the intersection of Foot-Taiyin, Foot-Shaoyin, Foot-Jueyin, and Ren Mai. Xia Ji refers to Guan Yuan. It treats subumbilical pain, dark and scanty urination, involuntary dribbling, pain at the urethral meatus resembling scattered fire, hematuria, acute hernia pain, subumbilical blood stasis like an inverted cup, urinary retention due to bladder displacement, leukorrhea and abdominal masses in women, postpartum lochia retention, menstrual cessation, and coldness of the lower jing meridians. Acupuncture depth is eight fen. Retain needle for three breaths, discharge using five exhalations and five inhalations. Moxibustion is also effective. One hundred Zhu up to three hundred Zhu is applicable.

Shi Men (One point), also named Li Ji or Jing Lu, is two cun below the umbilicus. It is the Mu-Point of San Jiao and the site where Ren Mai Qi emerges. It treats abdominal distension and hardness, edema with flank fullness, postpartum lochia retention leading to mass formation, and sudden depletion of menstrual blood. Moxibustion is effective. Fourteen Zhu up to one hundred Zhu is applicable. Acupuncture is prohibited for women, as it causes lifelong sterility.

Qi Hai (One point), also named Bo Yang or Xia Huang, is one and a half cun below the umbilicus. It is the site where Ren Mai Qi emerges. It treats cold Qi rushing up from the lower abdomen, mass formation under the heart like an inverted cup, dark and scanty urination, irregular menstruation, leukorrhea, sudden menstrual depletion, postpartum lochia retention, and periumbilical pain. Acupuncture depth is eight fen. Discharge upon obtaining De Qi, followed by tonification. Moxibustion of one hundred Zhu is applicable. Qi Hai is the sea of vital Qi for men, treating organ Qi deficiency and exhaustion, insufficiency of true Qi, and all chronic Qi disorders. Moxibustion is recommended for all such conditions.

Yin Jiao (One point), also named Heng Hu, is one cun below the umbilicus. It is the site where Ren Mai Qi emerges. It treats subumbilical pain, cold hernia radiating to lower abdominal pain, knee spasms, abdominal fullness, continuous menstruation in women, leukorrhea, postpartum lochia retention, and periumbilical cold pain. Acupuncture depth is eight fen. Discharge upon obtaining De Qi. Moxibustion of one hundred Zhu is applicable.

Shen Que (One point), also named Qi He, is exactly at the umbilicus. It treats persistent diarrhea, continuous milk-induced diarrhea in infants, abdominal distension, periumbilical pain, edema and tympanites, intestinal borborygmus sounding like flowing water, and chronic cold injury and exhaustion. Moxibustion of one hundred Zhu is applicable. Acupuncture is prohibited.

Shui Fen (One point) is one cun below Xia Wan and one cun above the umbilicus. It is the site where Ren Mai Qi emerges. It treats abdominal hardness like a drum, edema with intestinal borborygmus, stomach deficiency with distension, anorexia, periumbilical pain, Qi rushing to the chest causing dyspnea. Acupuncture depth is eight fen. Retain needle for three breaths, discharge using five exhalations and five inhalations. For water diseases, moxibustion is highly effective. Seven Zhu up to one hundred Zhu is applicable. Acupuncture is prohibited; puncturing until water drains leads to death.

Xia Wan (One point) is one cun below Jian Li. It is the intersection of Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian and Ren Mai. It treats abdominal pain, cold Qi of the six Fu organs, indigestion, anorexia, dark urine, abdominal hardness, fixed masses, movement of rebellious Qi above the umbilicus, and progressive emaciation. Acupuncture depth is eight fen. Retain needle for three breaths, discharge using five exhalations and five inhalations. Moxibustion is effective. Fourteen Zhu up to two hundred Zhu is applicable.

Jian Li (One point) is one cun below Zhong Wan. It treats epigastric pain, anorexia, vomiting and rebellious Qi, abdominal distension, and generalized edema. Acupuncture depth is five fen. Retain needle for ten breaths. Moxibustion of five Zhu is applicable.

Zhong Wan (One point), also named Tai Cang, is the Mu-Point of the Stomach. It is one cun below Shang Wan. It is generated by Hand-Taiyang, Hand-Shaoyang, and Foot-Yangming, and is the intersection of Ren Mai. Shang Ji refers to Zhong Wan. It treats epigastric fullness, food stagnation from overeating, cholera-like diarrhea without awareness, heart pain, warm malaria, excessive water intake in cold damage, abdominal distension, asthma, Ben Tun Qi attacking upwards due to excessive reading, Fu Liang mass under the heart like an inverted cup, cold phlegm-stagnation Qi. Acupuncture depth is eight fen. Retain needle for seven breaths, discharge using five exhalations and five inhalations. Withdraw needle quickly. Moxibustion is effective. Fourteen Zhu up to one hundred Zhu is applicable.

Shang Wan (One point) is one cun below Ju Que, at one and a half cun distance, three cun from the xiphoid process. It is the intersection of Ren Mai, Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, and Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian. It treats heat and irritability in the heart, Ben Tun Qi distension preventing eating, cholera with vomiting and diarrhea, fever without sweating, excessive salivation due to parasites, Wind-Xin palpitations, unbearable heart pain, Fu Liang Qi like an inverted cup. Acupuncture depth is eight fen. Tonify first, then discharge. This is miraculous. For Wind-Epilepsy and febrile diseases, discharge first, then tonify; the disease resolves immediately. Moxibustion is effective. Daily moxibustion of fourteen Zhu up to one hundred Zhu is applicable. If unresolved, double the amount.

Ju Que (One point) is the Mu-Point of the Heart. It is one cun below Jiu Wei. In individuals with a short xiphoid process, adjust slightly. It is the site where Ren Mai Qi emerges. It treats mental restlessness and fullness, phlegm-fluid in the chest due to febrile disease, acute abdominal distension and pain, trance and loss of consciousness, Xi Ben spitting blood, Ascaris heart pain, gu poison and cholera, mania and confusion, palpitations and shortness of Qi. Acupuncture depth is six fen. Retain needle for seven breaths, discharge upon obtaining De Qi. Moxibustion is effective. Seven Zhu up to forty-nine Zhu is applicable.

Jiu Wei (One point), also named Wei Yi, is five fen below the xiphoid process in the anterior chest. It treats Wind-Xin epilepsy, pain during attacks with aversion to speech, heart and abdominal distension with chest fullness, coughing with frequent belching and wheezing, throat obstruction and congestion, inability to swallow fluids. Moxibustion is prohibited, as it causes insufficiency of heart power. This point is difficult to needle; improper technique may extract too much Qi, potentially causing premature death. Acupuncture depth is three fen. Retain needle for three breaths, discharge using five exhalations and five inhalations. For obese patients, double the depth.

Zhong Ting (One point) is in the depression one cun six fen below Dan Zhong. It is the site where Ren Mai Qi emerges. It treats flank fullness, dysphagia preventing swallowing, and regurgitation of food. Moxibustion of five Zhu is applicable. Acupuncture depth is three fen.

Dan Zhong (One point), also written as "Dan", named Yuan Er, is one cun six fen below Yu Tang, in the depression directly between the breasts. Take with patient supine. It is the site where Ren Mai Qi emerges. It treats Lung Qi cough with wheezing and expectoration of pus, inability to eat, sensation of blockage in the chest. Moxibustion of forty-nine Zhu is applicable. It also treats Ge Qi (diaphragmatic constraint), vomiting of saliva and foam, and low lactation in women. Acupuncture is prohibited, as it may cause premature death.

Zi Gong (One point) is in the depression one cun six fen below Hua Gai. Take with head tilted back. It is the site where Ren Mai Qi emerges. It treats chest and diaphragm fullness, pain in the sternum and ribs, inability to eat, retching, rebellious Qi, and irritability. Moxibustion of five Zhu is applicable. Acupuncture depth is three fen.

Hua Gai (One point) is in the depression one cun below Xuan Ji. Take with head tilted back. It is the site where Ren Mai Qi emerges. It treats chest and flank fullness, pain radiating to the chest, coughing with rebellious Qi, wheezing and inability to speak. Moxibustion of five Zhu is applicable. Acupuncture depth is three fen.

Xuan Ji (One point) is in the depression one cun below Tian Tu. Take with head tilted back. It is the site where Ren Mai Qi emerges. It treats fullness and pain in the chest skin, throat obstruction and swelling, inability to swallow fluids. Moxibustion of five Zhu is applicable. Acupuncture depth is three fen.

Tian Tu (One point) is in the hollow one cun below the laryngeal prominence. It is the intersection of Yin Wei Mai and Ren Mai. Acupuncture depth is five fen. Retain needle for three breaths, discharge upon obtaining De Qi. It treats coughing with rebellious Qi, chest Qi obstruction, sound in throat like a water frog, Lung congestion with expectoration of pus and blood, dry throat and tightness under the tongue, ulcers in the throat, and inability to eat. Moxibustion is acceptable but inferior to acupuncture. Insert needle vertically; do not lower the hand, lest you injure the Qi of the five Zang organs.

Lian Quan (One point), also named She Ben, is below the chin, above the laryngeal prominence. It is the intersection of Yin Wei Mai and Ren Mai. It treats swelling under the tongue making speech difficult, tongue deviation with drooling, coughing with rebellious Qi, wheezing and vomiting foam, lockjaw with retraction of the tongue root, and difficulty eating. Moxibustion of three Zhu is applicable. Acupuncture depth is three fen. Discharge upon obtaining De Qi.

Cheng Jiang (One point), also named Chui Jiang, is in the hollow in front of the chin below the lip. It is the intersection of Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian and Ren Mai. It treats hemiplegia and facial paralysis, facial swelling, Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst), and dental caries with ulceration. Moxibustion is excellent. Daily moxibustion of seven Zhu up to forty-nine Zhu is applicable. After moxibustion, blood vessels become unblocked, wind pathogens resolve immediately. Use small moxa cones, sized like the head of a small bamboo chopstick. If the vessel is thin like a thread, ensure the moxa cone breaks the skin and aligns with the vessel to cure the disease. For chronic cold below the umbilicus, hernia, Zha Ju, Fu Liang, and accumulated Qi, large moxa cones are suitable. Thus, *Duan Ju* formulas state: The abdomen and back should receive five hundred Zhu; limbs are only for dispelling wind and should not receive excessive moxibustion, limited to seven to forty-nine Zhu, depending on age. Although Ju Que and Jiu Wei are chest/abdomen points, moxibustion should not exceed forty-nine Zhu, using small cones aligned with the vessel. Large cones and excessive moxibustion on the chest/abdomen cause permanent insufficiency of heart power. Excessive moxibustion on the head causes loss of spirit. Excessive moxibustion on arms and legs causes depletion of blood vessels, thinning of limbs, weakness, loss of spirit, and exhaustion of true Qi. Acupuncture depth is three fen. Discharge upon obtaining De Qi.