论曰伤寒舌肿胀者，病在三阴也，太阴之脉，连舌本散舌下，少阴之脉，循喉咙侠舌本，
厥阴之脉，循喉咙之后，又手少阴心之经，其气通于舌，凡此经络为风热所乘，随脉至舌，
热气留于血，血气壅涩，故令舌肿胀，诊其脉数急者，是其候也。
治伤寒热病，咽喉壅塞，连舌根肿痛，及干呕头痛，不下食，升麻汤方
升麻（一两） 木通（锉） 黄柏（去粗皮锉各半两） 玄参（三分） 麦门冬（去心
焙一两） 青竹茹（半两） 前
上九味，粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，用水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓食后温服，日再。
治伤寒心脾虚热，喉中有疮，连舌根肿，涕唾不下食，干地黄汤方
生干地黄（焙二两） 青竹茹 鸡苏 赤茯苓（去黑皮各一两） 麦门冬（去心焙一两
半） 玄参（三分）
上六味，粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓食后温服、日再。
治伤寒脾肺虚热，毒瓦斯壅塞，喉咽连舌根，肿满疼痛。犀角汤方
犀角（镑屑） 当归（切焙） 白芷（各一两） 升麻 甘草（炙锉） 射干 杏仁（汤
浸去皮尖双仁炒黄各半两）
上七味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓食后温服，日再服。
治伤寒喉咽闭塞，连舌肿疼，小便赤涩。马蔺根汤方
马蔺根 升麻（各一两） 瞿麦 射干各三分 犀角屑 木通（锉各半两） 玄参（一
两）
上七味，粗捣筛，每服三匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓食后温服，日再。
治伤寒热病，喉咽闭塞，连舌根肿痛，热毒瓦斯聚于心胸。木通汤方
木通（锉） 络石（碎各一两） 升麻（半两） 射干（半分） 犀角屑（半两） 玄
参桔梗炒（各三分） 山栀子仁（半两） 芍药（三分） 青竹茹（半两） 朴硝（一
两）
上一十二味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓食后温服。
治伤寒心脾风热，舌肿口疮，喉咽中痛，口吐涎沫。羚羊角散方
羚羊角屑 黄柏（去粗皮涂蜜炙） 大黄（锉炒） 甘草（炙各半两） 玄参（三分）
上五味，捣罗为散，每服一钱匕，食后煎竹叶热水调下。
治伤寒上焦虚热，毒瓦斯壅塞，喉咽连舌肿痛。参归汤方
玄参 射干 当归（切焙一两）
上三味，捣罗为散，每服三钱匕，水一大盏，煎至半盏，不去滓，食后温服，日再服。
治伤寒舌肿，口内生疮，此是心脾积热上冲所致。青连汤方
大青 升麻（各半两） 黄连（去须一分） 大黄（锉炒半两）
上四味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一大盏，煎至半盏，去滓食后温服。
治伤寒心脾有热，舌本肿痛。生地煎方
生地黄汁（半斤） 蜜（八两）
上二味，同搅和匀，慢火煎如稠饧，每服半匙，含化咽津，不拘时候，日二三服。
治伤寒咽喉中痛，舌根肿满，不能转，此上焦心脾虚热，宜先针舌下两边出血即消，后
服升麻汤方
升麻 车前子 大黄（锉炒） 甘草（炙各半两） 生干地黄（焙三两） 朴硝（三分）
上六味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓温服，日再。
Commentary states: Tongue swelling in the context of Shanghan (Cold Damage) indicates that the pathology is located in the Three Yin meridians. The Taiyin meridian connects to the root of the tongue and spreads beneath it; the Shaoyin meridian follows the throat and flanks the root of the tongue; the Jueyin meridian runs behind the throat. Furthermore, the Qi of the Hand-Shaoyin Heart meridian communicates with the tongue. When these meridians are invaded by Wind-Heat pathogenic factors, the pathogens ascend along the meridians to the tongue. Heat lingers in the blood vessels, causing Qi and Blood to become congested and stagnant, thereby resulting in tongue swelling. If the pulse is rapid and urgent, this is a sign of this condition.
For treating Shanghan febrile diseases characterized by pharyngeal obstruction, swelling and pain extending from the throat to the tongue root, accompanied by dry retching, headache, and inability to eat, use Shengma Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction):
Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae, 1 liang), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae, crushed), Huangbai (Cortex Phellodendri, coarse bark removed, crushed, each 0.5 liang), Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae, 3 fen), Maimendong (Radix Ophiopogonis, heart removed, dried, 1 liang), Qingzhuru (Spiritus Bambusae, 0.5 liang).
The above nine ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi (approx. 5-7 grams), decocted in 1.5 zhang of water until reduced to 0.8 zhang. Strain and take warm after meals, twice daily.
For treating Shanghan with deficiency-heat in the Heart and Spleen, ulcers in the throat, swelling extending to the tongue root, difficulty swallowing saliva and food, use Gan Dihuang Tang (Dried Rehmannia Decoction):
Sheng Gan Dihuang (Dried Radix Rehmanniae, dried, 2 liang), Qingzhuru (Spiritus Bambusae), Jisu (Herba Elsholtziae), Chifuling (Poria Cocos with black skin removed, each 1 liang), Maimendong (Radix Ophiopogonis, heart removed, dried, 1.5 liang), Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae, 3 fen).
The above six ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi, decocted in 1.5 zhang of water until reduced to 0.8 zhang. Strain and take warm after meals, twice daily.
For treating Shanghan with deficiency-heat in the Spleen and Lungs, accumulation of toxic heat obstructing the throat and tongue root causing swelling, fullness, and pain, use Xijiao Tang (Rhinoceros Horn Decoction):
Xijiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis, shaved into flakes), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, sliced and dried), Baizhi (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, each 1 liang), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey-fried and crushed), Shegan (Rhizoma Belamcandae), Xingren (Semen Pruni Armeniacae, soaked in hot water, skin and tip removed, double-kernel seeds discarded, fried until yellow, each 0.5 liang).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted in 1 zhang of water until reduced to 0.7 zhang. Strain and take warm after meals, twice daily.
For treating Shanghan with pharyngeal obstruction, tongue swelling and pain, and red, scanty, or painful urination, use Maligen Tang (Iris Root Decoction):
Maligen (Radix Iris Tectorii), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae, each 1 liang), Qumai (Herba Dianthi), Shegan (Rhizoma Belamcandae, each 3 fen), Xijiao xie (Cornu Rhinocerotis flakes), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae, crushed, each 0.5 liang), Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae, 1 liang).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted in 1 zhang of water until reduced to 0.7 zhang. Strain and take warm after meals, twice daily.
For treating Shanghan febrile diseases with pharyngeal obstruction, tongue root swelling and pain, and heat-toxin accumulating in the Heart and Chest, use Mutong Tang (Akebia Decoction):
Mutong (Caulis Akebiae, crushed), Luoshi (Caulis Trachelospermi, crushed, each 1 liang), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae, 0.5 liang), Shegan (Rhizoma Belamcandae, 0.5 fen), Xijiao xie (Cornu Rhinocerotis flakes, 0.5 liang), Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae), Jiegeng (Radix Platycodonis, fried, each 3 fen), Shanzhizi ren (Semen Gardenoliae, 0.5 liang), Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Alba, 3 fen), Qingzhuru (Spiritus Bambusae, 0.5 liang), Pomiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1 liang).
The above twelve ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted in 1 zhang of water until reduced to 0.7 zhang. Strain and take warm after meals.
For treating Shanghan with Wind-Heat in the Heart and Spleen, tongue swelling, oral ulcers, pharyngeal pain, and salivation, use Lingyangjiao San (Antelope Horn Powder):
Lingyangjiao xie (Cornu Saigae Tataricae flakes), Huangbai (Cortex Phellodendri, coarse bark removed, honey-fried), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, crushed and fried), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey-fried, each 0.5 liang), Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae, 3 fen).
The above five ingredients are pounded and sieved into a powder. Each dose consists of 1 qianbi, taken after meals with hot water infused with Bamboo Leaves (Zhuye).
For treating Shanghan with deficiency-heat in the Upper Jiao, accumulation of toxic heat obstructing the throat and tongue causing swelling and pain, use Shengui Tang (Ginseng and Angelica Decoction):
Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae), Shegan (Rhizoma Belamcandae), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, sliced and dried, 1 liang).
The above three ingredients are pounded and sieved into a powder. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted in one large zhang of water until reduced to half a zhang. Do not strain; take warm after meals, twice daily.
For treating Shanghan tongue swelling and oral ulcers, caused by accumulated heat in the Heart and Spleen rushing upward, use Qinglian Tang (Qing and Lian Decoction):
Daqing (Folium Isatidis), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae, each 0.5 liang), Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis, whiskers removed, 1 fen), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, crushed and fried, 0.5 liang).
The above four ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted in one large zhang of water until reduced to half a zhang. Strain and take warm after meals.
For treating Shanghan with heat in the Heart and Spleen causing swelling and pain at the tongue root, use Shengdi Jian (Fresh Rehmannia Decoction):
Sheng Dihuang Zhi (Jucius Radix Rehmanniae Recens, half jin), Honey (8 liang).
The above two ingredients are mixed thoroughly and slowly decocted until thick like syrup. Each dose consists of half a spoonful, held in the mouth to dissolve and swallow the saliva, at any time, two to three times daily.
For treating Shanghan with throat pain, tongue root swelling and immobility, indicating deficiency-heat in the Upper Jiao affecting the Heart and Spleen, first puncture both sides under the tongue to release blood to reduce swelling, then administer Shengma Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction):
Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Cheqianzi (Semen Plantaginis), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, crushed and fried), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey-fried, each 0.5 liang), Sheng Gan Dihuang (Dried Radix Rehmanniae, dried, 3 liang), Pomiao (Natrii Sulfas, 3 fen).
The above six ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted in 1.5 zhang of water until reduced to 0.8 zhang. Strain and take warm, twice daily.