论曰寒疟之状，内经所谓先寒后热。病以时作是也。盖伤暑汗出，腠理开发，因遇夏气
凄沧之水寒，其气藏于腠理皮肤之中。秋伤于风，则病成矣。其证先起于毫毛，伸欠乃作。
寒栗鼓颔，腰脊俱痛，寒去则内外皆热，头痛饮冷是也。
治寒疟先寒后热，头痛不可忍，热极即汗出烦渴。吴茱萸汤方
吴茱萸（汤浸焙炒一两） 羌活（去芦头半两） 甘草（炙锉） 半夏（汤洗七遍焙） 干
姜（炮） 芎 细辛（去苗叶） 麻黄（去根节） 高良姜 本（去苗土） 桂（去
粗皮各一分）
上一十一味。粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分去滓，未发前温服。
治寒疟。神效槟榔汤方
槟榔（锉） 桂（去粗皮） 常山 陈橘皮（汤浸去白炒） 甘草（炙锉各等分）
上五味。粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，酒半盏，水一盏，煎至一盏去滓，未发前温服。
治寒疟不瘥。橘皮散方
陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙一两） 牡蛎（熬三分） 桂（去粗皮） 常山（各半两）
上四味。为细散，每服三钱匕，温酒调下，未发前并三服。
治疟先寒战，寒解即壮热。鳖甲常山酒方
鳖甲（去裙 醋炙一分） 淡竹叶（一两） 常山 甘草（炙锉各三分）
上四味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，酒半盏浸药，盖于地上一宿，次日添水一盏，煎至七分
去滓，未发前温服，得吐为验。
治疟寒多热少。柴胡桂姜汤方
柴胡（去苗四两） 桂（去粗皮） 黄芩（去黑心各一两半） 栝蒌根 牡蛎（熬） 甘
草（炙锉） 干姜（炮各二两）
上七味。粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏半，煎至一盏，去滓温服，初服微烦，汗出即愈
治寒疟。蜀漆散方
蜀漆（洗去腥焙） 云母（烧一昼夜） 龙骨（各一两）
上三味。为细散，每服半钱匕，未发前浆水调下。
治寒疟。草豆蔻饮方
草豆蔻（去皮） 高良姜 常山 青橘皮（汤浸去白焙） 陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙各一分）
生姜（半分） 淡竹叶（一握） 黑豆（五十粒）
上八味。 咀如麻豆，即用水三盏，煎至一盏半，去滓未发时通口分温二服。
治寒疟。牡蛎汤方
牡蛎（熬） 麻黄（去根节各四两） 甘草（炙锉二两） 蜀漆（洗去腥焙三两）
上四味。粗捣筛，每服四钱七，水一盏半，煎至一盏去滓，未发前温服。
治寒疟胸满。人参汤方
人参（半两） 蜀椒（去目及闭口者出汗一分） 干姜（炮一两） 阿魏（三分酒浸去
砂石面和作饼炙
上四味。粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓温服，不拘时。
治寒疟。乌梅丸方
乌梅肉（炒） 桃仁（去皮尖双仁炒研） 常山 豉（炒各三分） 升麻 肉苁蓉（酒
浸切焙） 桂（去粗皮） 人参 甘草（炙锉各半两）
上九味。为细末，炼蜜丸如梧桐子大，每服二十丸，空心未发前温酒下日二，加至三十
丸。
治寒疟先寒后热。常山汤方
常山 甘草（生锉） 干姜（炮各一分） 附子（炮裂去皮脐） 柴胡（去苗各半两）
上五味。 咀如麻豆，每以五钱匕，酒一盏半，煎至一盏去滓，分为二服，空心未发前，
并食后各一服。
治寒疟无问远近。虎骨丸方
虎头骨（酥炙） 乌梅肉（炒） 桂（去粗皮） 甘草（炙锉） 人参（各半两） 桃
仁（去皮尖双仁炒研） 常山 升麻 肉苁蓉（酒浸切焙各三分） 附子（炮裂去皮脐半两）
麝香（研一钱） 豉（炒一合）
上一十二味。除桃仁外，捣罗为末，和匀炼蜜，丸如梧桐子大，每服三十丸，未发前米
饮下。
治寒疟不瘥。二姜散方
干姜（炮） 高良姜（各三分）
上二味。炒令黑色，捣罗为散，每服一钱匕，未发前温酒调下，日三不拘时。
治寒疟。鳖甲酒方
鳖甲（去裙 醋炙半两） 乌贼鱼骨（去甲） 附子（炮裂去皮脐切） 甘草（炙锉） 常
山（各一两）
上五味。捣罗为末，每服五钱匕，酒一盏半，煎十数沸留一宿。
次日以酒先涂手足井背上，如不发即止，如发即饮此酒一盏。
治寒疟涂之方
附子（一枚生去皮脐）
上一味。捣罗为末，未发时，用苦酒和，涂病患背上佳。
Discussion states: The manifestations of Cold Malaria (Han Nue) are as described in the *Neijing* (*Inner Canon*), characterized by chills preceding fever, and occurring at regular intervals. This occurs because summerheat injury causes sweating and opens the Couli (skin pores), allowing the chilling cold of summer water to enter and hide within the Couli and skin. When wind pathogen injures the body in autumn, the disease is formed. The symptoms begin with hair erection, yawning, and stretching, followed by shivering, jaw quivering, and pain throughout the waist and spine. After the cold subsides, both interior and exterior become hot, accompanied by headache and a desire to drink cold fluids.
For treating Cold Malaria with symptoms of initial chills followed by fever, unbearable headache, profuse sweating, irritability, and thirst when heat peaks: Wu Zhu Yu Tang (Evodia Decoction).
Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus, soaked in decoction, roasted, 1 liang), Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, de-radicle, 0.5 liang), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, crushed), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Tuber, washed seven times in decoction, roasted), Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed), Xiong Qiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, de-seedling and leaves), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, de-root and joints), Gao Liang Jiang (Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma), Ben Cao (Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma, de-seedling and soil), Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, de-cortex, each 1 fen).
The above eleven ingredients. Coarsely pounded and sifted. Take 3 qian bi per dose, add one zhan of water, boil to 0.7 zhan, remove dregs, and take warm before onset.
Shen Xiao Bing Lang Tang (Miraculous Areca Seed Decoction) for treating Cold Malaria:
Bing Lang (Arecae Semen, crushed), Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, de-cortex), Chang Shan (Dichroae Radix), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in decoction, de-albedo, roasted), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, crushed, equal parts).
The above five ingredients. Coarsely pounded and sifted. Take 3 qian bi per dose, add half a zhan of wine and one zhan of water, boil to one zhan, remove dregs, and take warm before onset.
Ju Pi San (Tangerine Peel Powder) for treating persistent Cold Malaria:
Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in decoction, de-albedo, roasted, 1 liang), Mu Li (Ostreae Concha, calcined, 3 fen), Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, de-cortex), Chang Shan (Dichroae Radix, each 0.5 liang).
The above four ingredients. Pulverized into fine powder. Take 3 qian bi per dose, mixed with warm wine, taken three times before onset.
Bie Jia Chang Shan Jiu (Softshell Turtle and Dichroa Wine) for treating malaria with initial chills and subsequent high fever after resolution:
Bie Jia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, de-membrane, vinegar-processed, 1 fen), Dan Zhu Ye (Lophatheri Herba, 1 liang), Chang Shan (Dichroae Radix), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, crushed, each 3 fen).
The above four ingredients. Coarsely pounded and sifted. Take 5 qian bi per dose, soak herbs in half a zhan of wine, cover and leave on the ground overnight. Add one zhan of water the next day, boil to 0.7 zhan, remove dregs, and take warm before onset. Vomiting indicates efficacy.
Chai Hu Gui Jiang Tang (Bupleurum and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) for treating malaria with more chills than heat:
Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, de-seedling, 4 liang), Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, de-cortex), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, de-black heart, each 1.5 liang), Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthis Radix), Mu Li (Ostreae Concha, calcined), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, crushed), Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed, each 2 liang).
The above seven ingredients. Coarsely pounded and sifted. Take 3 qian bi per dose, add one and a half zhan of water, boil to one zhan, remove dregs, and take warm. Mild irritability upon first administration, followed by sweating, indicates cure.
Shu Qi San (Chinese Sophora Root Powder) for treating Cold Malaria:
Shu Qi (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis Praeparata, washed to remove fishy smell, roasted), Yun Mu (Muscovite, burned for one day and night), Long Gu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi et Femoris, each 1 liang).
The above three ingredients. Pulverized into fine powder. Take half a qian bi per dose, mixed with Jiang Shui (fermented grain water), before onset.
Cao Dou Kou Yin (Grain-of-Paradise Drink) for treating Cold Malaria:
Cao Dou Kou (Cardamomi Fructus, de-pericarp), Gao Liang Jiang (Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma), Chang Shan (Dichroae Radix), Qing Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, soaked in decoction, de-albedo, roasted), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in decoction, de-albedo, roasted, each 1 fen), Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 0.5 fen), Dan Zhu Ye (Lophatheri Herba, one handful), Hei Dou (Sojae Semen Nigrum, 50 grains).
The above eight ingredients. Cut like hemp seeds. Add three zhan of water, boil to one and a half zhan, remove dregs, and divide into two warm doses to be taken orally during onset without restriction.
Mu Li Tang (Oyster Shell Decoction) for treating Cold Malaria:
Mu Li (Ostreae Concha, calcined), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, de-root and joints, each 4 liang), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, crushed, 2 liang), Shu Qi (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis Praeparata, washed to remove fishy smell, roasted, 3 liang).
The above four ingredients. Coarsely pounded and sifted. Take 4 qian bi per dose, add one and a half zhan of water, boil to one zhan, remove dregs, and take warm before onset.
Ren Shen Tang (Ginseng Decoction) for treating Cold Malaria with chest fullness:
Ren Shen (Panacis Ginseng Radix, 0.5 liang), Shu Jiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, de-eye and closed ones, processed to release oil, 1 fen), Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed, 1 liang), A Wei (Asafetidae Resina, 3 fen, soaked in wine to remove sand/stones, mixed with flour to make cakes, roasted).
The above four ingredients. Coarsely pounded and sifted. Take 3 qian bi per dose, add one zhan of water, boil to 0.7 zhan, remove dregs, and take warm at any time.
Wu Mei Wan (Mume Pill) for treating Cold Malaria:
Wu Mei Rou (Mume Semen, roasted), Tao Ren (Persicae Semen, de-skin and tip, double-kernel, roasted and pounded), Chang Shan (Dichroae Radix), Chi Shao (Sophorae Flos, roasted, each 3 fen), Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Rou Cong Rong (Cistanches Herba, soaked in wine, cut and roasted), Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, de-cortex), Ren Shen (Panacis Ginseng Radix), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, crushed, each 0.5 liang).
The above nine ingredients. Pulverized into fine powder, mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 20 pills per dose, on an empty stomach before onset, with warm wine. Twice daily, increase to 30 pills.
Chang Shan Tang (Dichroa Decoction) for treating Cold Malaria with initial chills followed by fever:
Chang Shan (Dichroae Radix), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, raw, crushed), Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed, each 1 fen), Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, processed, cracked, de-skin and navel), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, de-seedling, each 0.5 liang).
The above five ingredients. Cut like hemp seeds. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add one and a half zhan of wine, boil to one zhan, remove dregs, and divide into two doses. Take one dose on an empty stomach before onset, and one dose after meals.
Hu Gu Wan (Tiger Bone Pill) for treating Cold Malaria regardless of duration:
Hu Tou Gu (Cruris Tigridis Os, processed with butter), Wu Mei Rou (Mume Semen, roasted), Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, de-cortex), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, crushed), Ren Shen (Panacis Ginseng Radix, each 0.5 liang), Tao Ren (Persicae Semen, de-skin and tip, double-kernel, roasted and pounded), Chang Shan (Dichroae Radix), Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Rou Cong Rong (Cistanches Herba, soaked in wine, cut and roasted, each 3 fen), Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, processed, cracked, de-skin and navel, 0.5 liang), She Xiang (Moschus, pounded, 1 qian), Chi Shao (Sophorae Flos, roasted, 1 he).
The above twelve ingredients. Except for Tao Ren, pound and sieve into powder, mix evenly with refined honey, and form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, with rice drink before onset.
Er Jiang San (Two Gingers Powder) for treating persistent Cold Malaria:
Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed), Gao Liang Jiang (Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma, each 3 fen).
The above two ingredients. Stir-fry until black, pound and sieve into powder. Take 1 qian bi per dose, mixed with warm wine before onset. Three times daily, at any time.
Bie Jia Jiu (Softshell Turtle Wine) for treating Cold Malaria:
Bie Jia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, de-membrane, vinegar-processed, 0.5 liang), Hai Piao Xiao (Sepiae Endoconcha), Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, processed, cracked, de-skin and navel, cut), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, crushed), Chang Shan (Dichroae Radix, each 1 liang).
The above five ingredients. Pound and sieve into powder. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add one and a half zhan of wine, boil ten-plus times, and leave overnight.
The next day, first apply wine to hands, feet, and back. If no attack occurs, stop. If attack occurs, drink one zhan of this wine.
External Application Formula for Cold Malaria:
Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix, one piece, raw, de-skin and navel).
The above single ingredient. Pound and sieve into powder. Before onset, mix with Ku Jiu (bitter wine/vinegar) and apply to the patient's back for best results.