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Bitter, slightly warm, non-toxic. Primarily indicated for moxibustion to treat various diseases. It can be prepared as a decoction to stop dysentery, hematemesis (vomiting blood), sores in the lower body, and metrorrhagia (irregular uterine bleeding) in women; it promotes muscle growth, expels wind-cold, and aids fertility. *Yao Xing Lun* states: It acts as an adjuvant. It can stop metrorrhagia, calm the fetus, relieve abdominal pain, and stop bloody and purulent dysentery as well as hemorrhoidal bleeding. Decoction of leaves: primarily treats hematemesis. Fruits: primarily improve vision. Ri Hua Zi states: It stops cholera with muscle cramps, treats heart pain, epistaxis (nosebleed), leukorrhea, and acute pain with cold-heat sensations in the anal region of dysentery patients. Fruits: Warm nature, non-toxic. Strengthens yang, assists the Water Zang (Kidney), treats soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, and warms the uterus. Another theory holds: Raw mugwort is cold, cooked mugwort is hot. Kills roundworms.

Bitter, sweet, sour, slightly cold, non-toxic. Primarily treats breast abscesses and pain in women, Qi Injuries (Seven Damages), leukorrhea, relieves pain, eliminates evil blood, stops sweating, treats suppurating wounds from metal injuries, various sores, heat sores, resolves alcohol toxicity, eliminates thirst-quenching disease (Xiao Ke), and repairs severe trauma. *Yao Xing Lun* states: Bitter, neutral. It treats residual stasis-related rashes and pain, heals metal injuries, stops bloody dysentery, and erodes pus. Ri Hua Zi states: It drains pus, stops hematemesis, epistaxis, menorrhagia (heavy menstrual bleeding), metrorrhagia, and various blood disorders before and after childbirth, bloody and purulent dysentery, watery diarrhea, and intestinal wind. Xu Ping states: For treating lower gastrointestinal bleeding, use two sheng of water, boil until reduced by half, and take in one dose. If bleeding does not stop, drink a small cup of water soaked with house dust; when the mixture becomes viscous like maltose syrup, taking it will cure the condition. Additionally, for snakebites, crush fresh roots and drink the juice. Compatibility: Fa...

Acrid, sour, cold, non-toxic. Primarily treats sudden high fever with body itching, promotes urination to remove fluid retention, counteracts alcohol effects, promotes hair growth, stops thirst-quenching disease, and directs qi downward. Chen Zangqi states: Dried and mixed in equal parts with Trichosanthis Fructus (Gualou), formed into pills with human milk, primarily treats thirst-quenching disease. Crushed and juiced for drinking, it treats snake venom entering the abdomen. It can also be applied topically to heat sores. Xiao Pingzi states: The juice treats edema and promotes urination. It also treats poisoning; dried, powdered, and taken with wine using a "fang cun bi" measure. Ri Hua Zi states: It treats heat-toxic wind-heat, heat pathogens in the hypochondrium, swellings and toxins, scalds and burns, and wind-rashes.

Sweet, warm. Primarily nourishes essence and preserves blood. Da Ji (Cirsii Japonici Herba) primarily treats red and white leukorrhea in women, calms the fetus, stops hematemesis, and epistaxis. *Yao Xing Lun* states: Xiao Ji (Cirsii Japonici Herba) can be used alone, bitter, neutral. It stops metrorrhagia and vaginal bleeding; raw roots should be crushed for juice intake. Ri Hua Zi states: Xiao Ji root is cool, non-toxic. It dispels wind and relieves chest and diaphragm stuffiness, opens the stomach to promote appetite, clears heat, and tonifies deficiency. Seedlings: Clear烦热 (restless heat); crush raw and take juice. Xiao Ji has weak efficacy and can only... Da Ji can tonify and direct qi downward.