味苦，平、大寒，无毒。主诸热黄胆，肠 泄痢，逐水，下血闭，恶疮，疽蚀，火疡
疗痰热，胃中热，小腹绞痛，消谷，利小肠，女子血闭，淋露下血，小儿腹痛。《药性论
》云∶∶臣。治热毒骨蒸，寒热往来，肠胃不利，破壅气，治五淋，令人宣畅。去关节烦闷，
解热渴，治热腹中 痛。日华子云∶下气，主天行热疾，疔疮，排脓，治乳痈，发背。得∶
浓朴、黄连、止腹痛。得∶五味子、牡蒙、牡蛎，令人有子。得∶黄 、白蔹、赤小豆，疗
味苦，平，无毒。主风寒湿痹，心腹邪气，利关节，止烦满，平肾胃气，补阴气不
失精茎冷。《药性论》云∶能逐诸风，主除心热躁。大戟为之使。畏∶蛇蜕。反∶吴茱
出∶兖州。
味苦，寒，无毒。主心腹邪气，五疸，补中益气，利九窍，通水道，疗腹肿胀满痛，疗
小儿疮及面渣。《药性论》云∶味甘，平。能治恶疮， 癣。一云∶治伤寒时疾，发疮疹不
出。《产宝》∶治淋涩，产后同。生∶砀山。今处处有之。
味苦辛，温，无毒。主咳逆上气，胸中寒热结气，去蛊毒，痿蹶，安五脏，疗咳唾脓
，止喘悸，五劳体虚，补不足，小儿惊痫。《药性论》云∶臣。能治尸疰，补虚下气及胸胁
逆气，治百邪，鬼魅，劳气，虚热。日华子云∶调中及肺痿吐血，消痰，止渴，润肌肤，添
骨髓。款冬花为之使。恶∶天雄、瞿麦、雷丸、远志。畏∶茵陈蒿。
[Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix)]
Bitter, neutral to extremely cold, non-toxic. Primarily treats various heat-induced jaundice, intestinal diarrhea and dysentery, expels fluid retention, unblocks blood obstruction, treats malignant sores, ulcerative lesions, and fire burns.
Treats phlegm-heat, stomach heat, colic in the lower abdomen, promotes digestion, benefits the small intestine, treats amenorrhea in women, dripping leukorrhea with bleeding, and abdominal pain in children. *Yaoxing Lun* states: It serves as a minister herb. Treats heat toxicity causing bone-steaming fever, alternating chills and fever, gastrointestinal discomfort, breaks up stagnant qi, treats five types of strangury, promoting free flow. Relieves joint irritability, resolves heat-thirst, treats abdominal pain caused by heat. Ri Huazi states: Descends qi, primarily treats epidemic heat diseases, carbuncles, drains pus, treats breast abscesses, and back carbuncles. Combined with Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), it stops abdominal pain. Combined with Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus), Mumeng (likely referring to a specific local herb or variant, often associated with Schisandra or similar astringents in historical contexts, but kept literal here as Mumeng), and Muli (Ostreae Concha), it aids fertility. Combined with Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Bailian (Ampelopsis Radix), and Chixiaodou (Vigna Semen Rubrum), it treats...
[Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex)]
Bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Primarily treats wind-cold-damp bi syndrome, pathogenic factors in the heart and abdomen, benefits joints, relieves irritability and fullness, harmonizes kidney and stomach qi, tonifies yin qi, prevents seminal emission and cold penis. *Yaoxing Lun* states: It can expel various winds, primarily clears heart-heat and restlessness. Daji (Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix) is its guiding herb. Incompatible with Shetui (Serpentis Cutis). Counteracts Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus). Originates from Yanzhou.
[Yinchen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba)]
Bitter, cold, non-toxic. Primarily treats pathogenic factors in the heart and abdomen, the five types of jaundice, tonifies the middle and benefits qi, opens the nine orifices, unblocks water passages, treats abdominal swelling, distension, and pain, treats pediatric sores and facial acne-like eruptions. *Yaoxing Lun* states: Sweet, neutral. Can treat malignant sores and tinea. Another source says: Treats cold damage and seasonal epidemics where rashes fail to erupt. *Chanbao* states: Treats painful urinary dribbling, used similarly for postpartum conditions. Grows in Dangshan. Now found everywhere.
[Ziwan (Asteris Radix)]
Bitter and acrid, warm, non-toxic. Primarily treats cough with rebellious qi, stagnation of cold and heat in the chest, removes gu poison, flaccidity and weakness, calms the five zang organs, treats coughing up purulent sputum, stops wheezing and palpitations, addresses five labors and physical deficiency, tonifies insufficiency, treats pediatric convulsions and epilepsy. *Yaoxing Lun* states: It serves as a minister herb. Can treat corpse-infection (chronic wasting disease), tonifies deficiency, directs qi downward, and treats rebellious qi in the chest and hypochondrium, treats myriad pathogenic factors, ghostly afflictions, labor qi, and deficiency heat. Ri Huazi states: Harmonizes the middle and lung flaccidity with hemoptysis, resolves phlegm, stops thirst, moistens skin and flesh, replenishes marrow. Kuandonghua (Farfarae Flos) is its guiding herb. Averse to Tianxiong (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), Qumai (Dianthi Herba), Leiwan (Holostei Umbellati Radix), and Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix). Incompatible with Yinchenhao (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba).