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Human breast milk, sweet in taste and neutral in nature, non-toxic, tonifies the five Zang organs, making the body plump, skin fair, lustrous, and radiant.

Horse milk, pungent in taste and warm in nature, non-toxic, relieves thirst.

Cow milk, sweet in taste and slightly cold in nature, non-toxic, tonifies deficiency and emaciation, relieves thirst; when combined with fresh ginger (Shengjiang) and scallion white (Congbai), it stops infant regurgitation and tonifies consumptive disorders.

Sheep milk, sweet in taste and slightly warm in nature, non-toxic, tonifies deficiency and fatigue caused by cold, and blood deficiency manifesting as pale complexion, inducing warmth in the middle Jiao.

Donkey milk, sour in taste and cold in nature, non-toxic, primarily treats severe heat-induced jaundice and relieves thirst.

Pig milk, neutral in taste, non-toxic, primarily treats infant convulsions and epilepsy.

Cheese from horses, cows, and sheep, sweet and sour in taste, slightly cold in nature, non-toxic, tonifies the Lung organ and promotes bowel movement. Huangdi stated: Consuming sweet cheese followed immediately by very sour food can transform into blood masses (Xuejia) and hematuria. Hua Tuo stated: If centipedes enter the ear while consuming horse, cow, or sheep cheese, pouring this cheese into the ear will expel them.

Butter from sand cattle (yellow cattle) and white sheep, sweet in taste and slightly cold in nature, non-toxic, clears pathogenic qi in the chest, promotes bowel movement, and treats mouth ulcers.

Cow butter, sweet in taste and neutral in nature, non-toxic, removes various wind-damp bi syndromes, clears heat, promotes bowel movement, and eliminates retained food.

Ghee (Tihu), sweet in taste and neutral in nature, non-toxic, tonifies deficiency, removes various wind-bi syndromes; refined through a hundred processes for best effect, it effectively treats moon-erosion sores (skin ulcerations), fills marrow, tonifies the middle Jiao, and fills bones; long-term use increases longevity.

Bear meat, sweet in taste and slightly cold in nature, non-toxic, primarily treats wind-bi causing numbness and insensitivity, tendon stiffness, and "five slackness" conditions. If there are accumulations in the abdomen accompanied by alternating chills and fever and emaciation, consuming bear meat will render the disease incurable. Bear fat has the same therapeutic effects as bear meat; additionally, it treats head sores, tinea capitis (white baldness), facial scars, and vomiting due to food intake. Bear fat and pig fat must not be used for lamps; their smoke entering the eyes causes blindness and inability to see far.

Sheep horn, sour and bitter in taste, slightly warm and cold in nature, non-toxic, primarily treats amaurosis (blindness), brightens the eyes, kills scabies mites, stops cold diarrhea, treats heart palpitations due to fear, removes stagnant qi in all joints, and treats bleeding from wind injury or gu poison, as well as residual pain after childbirth in women. Burned for use, it kills evil spirits and repels tigers and wild wolves. Long-term consumption calms the mind, benefits qi, and lightens the body. Prevent moisture absorption which may cause toxicity.

Green sheep bile, cold in nature, non-toxic, primarily treats various sores, treats amaurosis, and brightens the eyes. Sheep lung treats cough and relieves thirst. Sheep liver tonifies the Liver and brightens the eyes. Sheep heart primarily treats sorrow and indignation, and rebellious qi in the diaphragm. Sheep kidney tonifies weak Kidney qi, benefits essence and marrow. Sheep meat, bitter and sweet in taste, hot in nature, non-toxic, primarily warms the middle to stop pain, tonifies the middle to benefit qi and strength. Raw sheep fat stops dysentery with rectal prolapse, removes wind toxins, and treats severe abdominal colic in postpartum women. Sheep stomach treats gastric reflux, primarily treats deficiency and emaciation, frequent urination, and stops spontaneous sweating.

Any white pearl-like substance found in sheep hooves is called "Yang Xuanjin"; consuming it induces madness. Consuming the brain of a black-headed white sheep causes intestinal abscess. Regularly eating sheep stomach with rice and beverages eventually leads to gastric reflux and dysphagia. Consuming sheep or pig brains damages male essence and fertility. Eating green sheep liver with adzuki beans diminishes vision. Eating raw sheep liver with Sichuan pepper destroys the five Zang organs; children should strictly avoid this. Any internal organs of the six domestic animals that move spontaneously on grass, do not change color when touched with salt or vinegar, do not sweat when dropped, and are refused by dogs, are toxic and fatal. Do not eat mutton in the sixth lunar month as it harms spiritual energy.

Sand cattle marrow, sweet in taste and warm in nature, non-toxic, calms the five Zang organs, harmonizes Stomach qi, unblocks the twelve meridians, regulates the San Jiao, warms the bone marrow, tonifies the middle, repairs severe injuries, benefits qi and strength, stops dysentery, and eliminates thirst. Mix with clear wine and take warm. Cow liver brightens the eyes. Cow gallbladder can be used to make pills for various medicines. Beef primarily treats diabetes mellitus, stops excessive salivation, calms the middle, benefits qi and strength, and nourishes Spleen and Stomach qi. Do not consume regularly as it may trigger old diseases. Cattle that died naturally must not be eaten.

Black bull urine, bitter and pungent in taste, slightly warm and neutral in nature, non-toxic, primarily treats edema, especially swelling of the abdomen and legs, promoting urination. Meat from bulls with only one functional liver or general beef is fatal if consumed. Eating beef with pork inevitably causes tapeworms. Consuming milk or cheese from cattle or horses with raw fish forms fish masses.

Horse heart primarily treats forgetfulness. Horse lung treats alternating chills and fever and penile flaccidity. Horse meat, pungent, bitter, neutral, and cold in nature, non-toxic, primarily treats internal injury, clears heat, directs qi downward, strengthens tendons, and fortifies the waist and spine. Huangdi stated: Eating meat from a horse that died naturally harms humans. Eating the brain of a black-headed white horse induces madness; eating meat from a white horse where dark color penetrates the flesh under the saddle damages the five Zang organs. Diarrhea patients eating horse meat will see worsening symptoms. Meat from white horses with blue hooves is inedible. Horse sweat vapor and hair must not enter food as they harm humans. For those experiencing mental restlessness after eating horse meat, drinking fine wine resolves it, while white wine exacerbates it. Do not eat horse meat in the fifth lunar month as it harms spiritual energy.

Wild horse penis, sour and salty in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic, primarily treats male impotence, shrinkage, and oligospermia. Wild horse meat, pungent and neutral in nature, non-toxic, primarily treats human and equine epilepsy, involuntary tendon contraction, generalized bi syndrome with muscle numbness. Meat from dead horses must not be used.

Donkey meat, sour and neutral in nature, non-toxic, primarily treats manic psychosis, sorrow, and unhappiness, calming heart qi. Meat from dead donkeys must not be used.

Dog penis, sour and neutral in nature, non-toxic, primarily treats internal injury and male impotence. Dog brain treats cephalic wind-bi, lower body sores, and polyps in sores. Dog meat, sour and salty in nature, warm, non-toxic, benefits the Kidneys, calms the five Zang organs, and repairs severe injuries and exhaustion. Dogs that die naturally with tongues protruding are harmful if eaten. Dogs often go mad in spring; [text fragment missing]. Pig testicles, sweet and warm in nature, non-toxic, relieve penile pain, convulsions, ghost qi, gu poison, cold-heat running piglet syndrome, and spasms from five strangury pathogens. Also known as "Tun Dian," dry in shade, prevent spoilage. Pork, pungent and neutral in nature, slightly toxic, should not be consumed long-term as it causes diffuse muscular pain and fatigue. Decoction of sow trotters promotes lactation and effectively detoxifies mineral medicines. Pig brain treats wind vertigo. Pig heart treats fright, sorrow, palpitations, rebellious qi, postpartum wind-stroke, and blood/qi stagnation with fright. Pig kidneys remove cold diarrhea, regulate Kidney qi, and unblock the Bladder. Pig liver brightens the eyes. Pig lungs treat frostbite pain and itching. Pig stomach tonifies the middle, benefits qi, relieves thirst, stops severe diarrhea, weakness, and debility. Pig intestines treat diabetes mellitus with frequent urination, tonify lower Jiao exhaustion. Pig intra-abdominal fat is used to prepare ointments, breaks cold stagnation, disperses old blood, and detoxifies Meloidae and Mylabris poisons. Pig large intestine treats prolapse with heavy bleeding. Pork treats prolonged refractory mania. Generally, pork is slightly toxic; while it tonifies weak Kidney qi, long-term consumption reduces fertility, triggers old diseases, weakens sinews and bones, obstructs blood vessels, emaciates muscles, and worsens open wounds. Pig blood treats sudden persistent bleeding; taken fried with clear wine, it also treats stroke with severed meridians, wind-stroke vertigo, strangury discharge, running piglet syndrome, and sudden qi rebellion. Huangdi stated: Eating pig liver and lungs with fish causes carbuncles. Eating pig liver with carp intestines and roe harms spiritual energy. Pig brain damages male sexual function, preventing intercourse; avoid pig lungs and maltose in the eighth lunar month as combining them leads to carbuncles in winter. Avoid pork in the tenth lunar month as it harms spiritual energy.

Deer head meat, neutral in nature, treats diabetes mellitus, vivid dreams/hallucinations, generates blood, and treats carbuncles. Deer penis tendon treats exhaustion. Deer hoof meat, neutral in nature, treats pain in foot and knee bones, preventing walking. Deer bone treats internal deficiency, repairs severe injuries, tonifies bone, and can be infused in wine. Deer marrow, sweet and warm in nature, treats pulse severance from internal injury in men and women, tendon stiffness/pain, and cough/reversal of qi; take mixed with wine. Deer kidney tonifies Kidney qi. Deer meat, bitter and warm in nature, non-toxic, tonifies the middle, strengthens five Zang organs, and benefits qi and strength. Raw deer meat treats facial paralysis (deviation); finely chop and apply to the affected side. Hua Tuo stated: Mix with raw Sichuan pepper, apply, and have someone monitor closely; remove once alignment is restored, otherwise it may pull further off-center. Deer antler lightens the body, benefits qi and strength, strengthens bone marrow, and repairs severe injuries. Huangdi stated: Deer with white gallbladders—eating their meat harms humans. White deer meat should not be cooked with cattail shoots as it triggers malignant sores.

Chamois bone, slightly warm, non-toxic, treats deficiency with seminal emission. Chamois meat, sweet and warm in nature, non-toxic, tonifies the five Zang organs. Chamois marrow benefits qi and strength, beautifies the face. Chamois lack gallbladders, hence their timidity and frequent fright.

Elk fat, pungent and warm in nature, non-toxic, treats carbuncles, malignant sores, necrotic tissue, cold-heat, wind-cold-damp bi with limb contracture and immobility, head swelling/qi, opens interstices, softens skin, [text fragment missing] leading to chronic diseases.

Tiger meat, sour in nature, non-toxic, treats nausea/vomiting, benefits qi and strength, stops excessive salivation; must not be eaten hot as it damages teeth. Tiger skull bone treats wind pathogens. Tiger eyes treat convulsions and epilepsy.

Leopard meat, sour and warm in nature, non-toxic, benefits Kidneys, calms five Zang organs, repairs severe injuries, lightens the body, benefits qi, and is beneficial with long-term consumption.

Fox meat, warm, non-toxic, tonifies the middle, lightens the body, benefits qi, and treats various infectious diseases (Zhu Bing). Huangdi stated: Do not eat tiger, leopard, or fox meat in the first lunar month as it harms spiritual energy and shortens lifespan.

Rabbit liver treats dim vision. Rabbit meat, pungent, neutral, astringent, non-toxic, tonifies the middle, benefits qi, and relieves thirst. Rabbits lack spleens, enabling their speed; this is attributed to the Wood element ruling the second lunar month (Mao), and Wood overcoming Earth, thus no spleen. Horses also lack spleens, explaining their speed. Huangdi stated: Eating rabbit meat with otter liver causes "escaping corpse" syndrome within three days. Eating with white chicken liver/heart causes pallor and jaundice within a year. Eating with ginger causes cholera-like disorder. Eating with white chicken meat obstructs blood and qi flow.

Raw rat, slightly warm, non-toxic, treats fractures, repairs tendons/bones; mash and apply, changing every three days.

Otter liver, sweet, slightly toxic, treats ghost transmission/gu poison, removes fish bones, stops chronic cough; burn to ash and take with wine. Otter meat, sweet and warm, non-toxic, treats seasonal epidemics and livestock epizootics; decoct, cool, and administer orally or灌 (drench) to livestock.

Fox penis, sweet and neutral, slightly toxic, treats female infertility, vaginal pruritus, and pediatric scrotal/testicular swelling. Fox meat, viscera, and intestines, bitter and slightly cold, toxic, treat gu poison with cold-heat, chronic cold in five Zang organs, pediatric convulsions, and adult manic hallucinations. Huangdi stated: Musk deer meat with swan meat forms masses; wild boars with blue hooves and beasts with red feet are inedible. Beasts dying naturally lying north-facing are inedible. Domestic beasts dying naturally mixed with [fluid missing] juice cause carbuncles. All poultry/beasts dying naturally without visible injury are inedible.

Red rooster meat, sweet and slightly warm, non-toxic, treats uterine bleeding, leukorrhea (red/white), tonifies deficiency, and warms the middle. Yellow hen meat, sour, salty, neutral, non-toxic, treats internal injury with diabetes mellitus, frequent/incontinent urination, tonifies five Zang organs/severe injuries/five labors, and benefits qi/strength. Chicken yolk treats burns/scalds. Egg white treats hot/red painful eyes, clears latent heat in the chest, stops irritability/fullness/cough/reversal of qi. Swallow raw for difficult labor with retained placenta. White rooster meat, sour and slightly cold, non-toxic, directs qi downward, removes manic/pathogenic qi, calms five Zang organs, treats internal injury/diabetes mellitus. Black rooster meat, sweet and warm, non-toxic, tonifies the middle, stops heart pain. Black hen meat, sweet and neutral, non-toxic, removes wind-cold-damp bi, five slackness/six urgency conditions, and calms the fetus. Huangdi stated: Chickens with six toes, four spurs, black plumage, white heads, or wild birds dying with claws extended are harmful to eat. Egg whites with garlic cause shortness of breath. Steamed eggs with turtle meat are harmful. Chicken and otter meat together cause "escaping corpse" syndrome, untreatable by standard medicine. Eggs with raw green onions cause shortness of breath; chicken with dog liver/kidney harms humans. Green onions with chicken/dog meat cause lifelong anal bleeding. Black chicken with carp meat causes carbuncles. Chicken, rabbit, and dog meat together cause diarrhea. Wild chicken meat with domestic eggs causes "escaping corpse" syndrome with spirit entanglement and joint pain.

Pheasant meat, sour and slightly cold, non-toxic, tonifies the middle, benefits qi, stops diarrhea; long-term consumption causes emaciation. Pheasant beak treats ant-related [sores missing].

White goose fat treats sudden deafness; dissolve and instill in ears. Goose feathers treat water toxin from aquatic insects. Goose meat, pungent and neutral, benefits five Zang organs.

[Animal name missing] fat, sweet and neutral, non-toxic, treats wind-deficiency cold-heat. Meat tonifies deficiency, clears external heat, benefits viscera and water passages.

Mandarin duck meat, bitter and slightly warm, non-toxic, treats [sores missing]; soak in clear wine, roast hot, apply externally, or roast and ingest. Also treats lovesickness. Swan fat, sweet and neutral, non-toxic, treats wind-spasm/contracture/hemiplegia and qi/blood obstruction.

Rock honey (Shi Mi), sweet, neutral, slightly cold, non-toxic, treats pathogenic qi in heart/abdomen, convulsions/spasms, calms five Zang organs, treats various deficiencies, benefits qi/middle, stops abdominal pain, [detoxifies missing].

Honeycomb wax, sweet and slightly warm, non-toxic, treats dysentery with pus/blood, tonifies middle, repairs severe injuries, heals knife wounds, benefits qi/strength, suppresses hunger. White beeswax stops chronic diarrhea with blood after recovery, repairs severe injuries, benefits children.

Fish, sweet, non-toxic, treats hundred diseases.

Moray eel, sweet, hot, toxic, treats five hemorrhoids [fistula missing], kills parasites.

Eel meat, sweet, hot; black variety non-toxic, tonifies middle/nourishes blood, treats [lip condition missing].

[Fish name missing], neutral, non-toxic, treats shortness of breath/labored breathing, inability to stand.

Cuttlefish bone, salty, slightly warm, non-toxic, treats uterine bleeding, leukorrhea, amenorrhea, genital erosion/swelling, cold-heat [masses missing]/infertility, fright qi entering abdomen, peri-umbilical pain, male genital pain/swelling, promotes conception. Cuttlefish meat, sour and neutral, non-toxic, benefits qi and strengthens will.

Carp meat, sweet and neutral, non-toxic, treats cough/wheezing, jaundice, relieves thirst. Huangdi stated: Eating cinnamon then carp meat harms humans. Carp meat harms those with chronic abdominal masses.

Crucian carp, sweet and neutral, non-toxic, treats all sores; burn to ash, mix with sauce, apply twice daily. Also treats intestinal abscess. Fish with red scales are inedible. Fish without gills are inedible.

Turtle meat, sweet and neutral, non-toxic, treats internal injury benefiting qi, tonifies insufficiency, treats beriberi. Turtles with a "King" character pattern on the ventral shell are inedible. Turtle meat with mustard paste harms humans. Three-legged turtles are harmful to eat. Turtle meat with amaranth/bracken fern forms turtle masses.

Raw crab roe resolves nodules, disperses blood, heals lacquer poisoning, nourishes tendons/benefits qi. Huangdi stated: Crabs with facing eyes and spotted feet are harmful; avoid crab/turtle in the twelfth lunar month as they harm spiritual energy.