（臣亿等按伤寒论伤寒中风自是两疾，今云伤寒中风非。）
病源中风伤寒之状，太阳中风阳浮阴弱，阳浮者热自发阴弱者汗自出啬啬恶寒，淅淅恶
风， 发热，鼻鸣干呕此其候也。
太阳中风以火劫发其汗，邪风被火热，血气流溢，失其常度，两阳相熏灼，其身即发黄
阳盛则欲衄，阴虚小便难，阴阳俱虚竭，身体则枯燥，但头汗出，剂颈而还，腹满微喘口干
咽烂，或不大便，久则谵语，（荒语也本作谵）甚者至哕，手足躁扰，循衣摸床，小便利者，
其人可疗。
阳明中风口苦而咽干，腹满微喘，发热恶寒脉浮紧若下之则腹满小便难。
阳明病若能食为中风，不能食为中寒。
少阳中风，两耳无所闻，目赤，胸中满而烦者，不可吐下，吐下之则悸而惊。
太阳中风，四肢烦疼其脉阳微阴涩而长者为欲愈。
少阴中风，其脉阳微阴浮者为欲愈。
厥阴中风，其脉微浮者为欲愈不浮为未愈。（仲景伤寒论同并出第七卷中）
仲景伤寒论桂枝汤，疗太阳中风，阳浮阴弱，阳浮者热自发阴弱者汗自出，啬啬恶寒，
淅淅恶风， 发热，鼻鸣干呕方。
桂枝 芍药 生姜（各三两） 甘草（二两炙） 大枣（十二枚擘）
上五味切姜擘枣，次切余药，以水七升，煮枣令烂，去滓，乃纳诸药，水少者益之，煮
令微微沸，得三升，去滓，，服一升，日三，小儿以意减之，初一服便得汗出者，后服小小
阔其间，如不得汗者，小小促之，令其药势相及汗出自护，如服六物青散法，若病重者昼夜
服特须避风，若服一剂 时不解，病证不变者，当更服之，至有不肯汗出，服二三剂乃愈，
服此药食顷亦当饮热粥以助药力，若初得病甚，便以火发汗，火气太过，汗出不解，烦躁不
得寐因此汤加龙骨牡蛎各三两，减桂心生姜各一两，不用芍药，若虚劳里急，腹中痛者，取
前桂枝汤二升，加胶饴一升，适寒温分再服，若得大汗出者，只用桂枝二两，发汗后重发汗，
亡阳谵语，其脉反和者不死，发汗已解，半日许重发烦其脉浮数，可复发汗，宜桂枝汤方。
忌海藻生葱菘菜等。（在上出第二卷中千金胡洽集验文仲备急范汪同）
又疗伤寒头疼腰痛，身体骨节疼，发热恶风，汗不出而喘，麻黄汤方。
麻黄（三两去节） 桂心（二两） 甘草（炙一两） 杏仁（七十枚去皮尖两仁碎）
上四味切，以水九升，煮麻黄减二升，去上沫，纳诸药，煮取二升半，去滓，服八合，
覆取微汗，不须KT 粥，余如桂枝法将息。忌海藻菘菜生葱。（臣亿等按张仲景伤寒论麻黄
汤惟主
又疗太阳病项背强KT KT ，反汗不出恶风者，属葛根汤方。
葛根（四两） 麻黄（四两去节） 甘草（二两炙） 芍药 桂心（各二两） 生姜（三
两）
大枣（十二枚擘）
上七味切，以水一斗，煮麻黄葛根减二升，去上沫，纳诸药，煮取三升，去滓，温服一
升，覆取微似汗出，不须吃热粥助药发汗余将息依桂枝法。忌海藻菘菜生葱。（并出第三卷
中张仲景伤寒论治中风汗出用桂枝此证云汗不出亦伤寒之病非中风也）
短剧葳蕤汤，疗冬温及春月中风伤寒则发热，头眩痛喉咽干舌强，胸内疼，心胸痞结，
满腰背强方。
葳蕤（二两） 石膏（三分末绵裹） 白薇（二两） 麻黄（二两去节） 独活（二两）
杏仁（
二两去皮尖两仁） 芎 （二两） 甘草（二两炙） 青木香（二两无可用麝香一分代之）
上九味切，以水八升，煮取三升，分三服取汗，若一寒一热者，加朴硝一分及大黄三两
下之。忌海藻菘菜。（并出第六卷中古今录验同一方有葛根二两）
千金疗伤寒中风五六日以上，但胸中烦干呕，栝蒌实汤方。
栝蒌实（一两） 柴胡（半斤） 黄芩（三两） 甘草（三两炙） 生姜（四两切） 大
枣（十枚
擘破）
上六味切之勿令大碎，吹去末，以水一斗二升，煮得六升，绞去滓，更煎取三升，适寒
温服一升，日三服。忌海藻菘菜。（出第十卷中）
千金翼疗中风发热，六七日不解而烦，有表里证渴欲饮水饮水而吐，此为水逆，五苓散
主之方。
猪苓（三分） 泽泻（五分） 茯苓（三分） 桂心（二分） 白术（三分）
上五味捣筛水服方寸匕，日三，多饮暖水汗出愈。忌桃李醋物生葱雀肉等。
又伤寒中风，医反下之，其人下利日数十行，水谷不化，腹中雷鸣心下痞坚而满，干呕
心烦，不能得安，医见心下痞以为病不尽，复重下之，其痞益甚，此非结热，但以胃中虚，
客气上逆，故使之坚甘草泻心汤主之方。
甘草（四两炙） 黄芩（三两） 大枣（十二枚擘） 黄连（一两） 干姜（二两） 半
夏（半升
洗去滑）
上六味切，以水一斗，煮取六升，分六服。忌海藻菘菜猪羊肉饧。（并出第九卷中一方
有人参三两）
古今录验疗中风伤寒脉浮发热往来汗出恶风项颈强鼻鸣干呕，阳且汤主之方。
大枣（十二枚擘） 桂枝（三两） 芍药（三两） 生姜（三两） 甘草（三两炙） 黄
芩（二两）
上六味 咀，以泉水六升，煮取四升，分四服日三，自汗者，去桂心，加附子一枚炮，
渴者，去桂加栝蒌三两，利者，去芍药桂，加干姜三两，附子一枚炮，心下悸者，去芍药加
茯苓四两，虚劳里急者，正阳且主之，煎得二升，纳胶饴半升，分为再服，若脉浮紧发热者
不可与也。忌海藻菘菜生葱等物。（千金同）
又大青龙汤疗太阳中风脉浮紧发热恶寒，身疼痛，汗不出而烦躁方。
麻黄（六两去节） 桂枝（二两） 甘草（二两炙） 石膏（如鸡子大碎绵裹） 生姜
（三两）
杏仁（四十枚去两仁及尖皮） 大枣（十枚擘）
上七味切，以水九升，先煮麻黄减二升，去沫，乃纳诸药煮取三升，去滓，分服一升，
浓覆取微汗，汗出多者，温粉粉之，一服汗者，不可再服，若复服汗多亡阳遂虚，恶风烦燥
不得眠也。忌海藻菘菜生葱等物。（并出第二卷中张仲景伤寒论云中风见伤寒脉者可服之）
(Comment by Yi et al.: In the *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage), Shanghan (Cold Damage) and Fengzhong (Wind Strike) are originally two distinct diseases. The current text's reference to "Shanghan Fengzhong" is incorrect.)
Regarding the pathological sources of symptoms for Fengzhong and Shanghan: Taiyang Fengzhong presents with a pulse that is floating at the superficial position (Yang) and weak at the deep position (Yin). Floating Yang indicates spontaneous heat generation; weak Yin indicates spontaneous sweating. The patient experiences severe aversion to cold (Sese Ehan), chilly aversion to wind (Xixi Efeng), fever, nasal congestion with roaring sounds (Biming), and dry retching (Gan'ou). These constitute its clinical presentation.
If fire therapy is used to forcibly induce sweating in Taiyang Fengzhong, the pathogenic wind combines with fire heat, causing blood and Qi to overflow their normal pathways. The mutual薰灼 (scorching/burning) of two Yangs leads to jaundice. Excess Yang may cause epistaxis; Yin deficiency leads to difficult urination. If both Yin and Yang are depleted, the body becomes dry and withered. Sweating occurs only on the head, stopping at the neck. Abdominal fullness, slight wheezing, dry mouth, and throat ulceration occur. Constipation may ensue; prolonged cases lead to delirium (Zhenyu, meaning talking nonsense, originally written as Zhen). Severe cases may progress to hiccups (Hui), restlessness of hands and feet, picking at clothes and beds. If urination is free, the patient can be treated.
Yangming Fengzhong presents with bitter taste in the mouth, dry throat, abdominal fullness, slight wheezing, fever, aversion to cold, and a floating-tight pulse. If purgation is mistakenly applied, it results in abdominal fullness and difficult urination.
In Yangming disease, the ability to eat indicates Fengzhong, while inability to eat indicates Zhonghan (Cold Strike).
Shaoyang Fengzhong presents with deafness, red eyes, chest fullness, and irritability. Vomiting and purgation are contraindicated; if mistakenly applied, palpitations and fright occur.
Taiyang Fengzhong presents with painful heaviness in the four limbs. If the pulse is slightly weak at Yang, choppy yet long at Yin, recovery is imminent.
Shaoyin Fengzhong: if the pulse is slightly weak at Yang and floating at Yin, recovery is imminent.
Jueyin Fengzhong: if the pulse is slightly floating, recovery is imminent; if not floating, it has not healed. (These passages are from Zhang Zhongjing's *Shanghan Lun*, also found in Volume 7.)
Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) from Zhang Zhongjing's *Shanghan Lun* treats Taiyang Fengzhong characterized by floating Yang and weak Yin, spontaneous heat, spontaneous sweating, severe aversion to cold, chilly aversion to wind, fever, Biming, and Gan'ou.
Ingredients: Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), Shaoyao (White Peony Root), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) (each 3 liang); Gancao (Licorice Root), roasted (2 liang); Dazao (Jujube) (12 pieces, torn open).
Chop the five herbs. Tear open the ginger and jujubes. First cut the remaining herbs. Add seven sheng of water, boil the jujubes until soft, remove the dregs, then add the other herbs. If water decreases, replenish it. Boil until gently simmering to obtain three sheng. Remove dregs. Take one sheng per dose, three times daily. Reduce dosage for children according to circumstances. If sweating occurs after the first dose, extend the interval between subsequent doses. If no sweating occurs, shorten the interval to ensure continuous medicinal effect. Protect against wind after sweating, similar to the method for Liuwu Qingsan. For severe cases, administer day and night, strictly avoiding wind. If the condition persists after one dose without change, continue administration. Some patients may require two or three doses to induce sweating and heal. After taking this medicine, drink hot congee to assist the medicinal power. If the initial illness was severe and fire therapy was used, excessive fire heat may fail to resolve sweating, leading to irritability and insomnia. In such cases, add Longgu (Fossilized Bones) and Muli (Oyster Shell) each 3 liang to the decoction, reduce Guixin (Cinnamon Heart) and Shengjiang each by 1 liang, and omit Shaoyao. For deficiency-cold with interior urgency and abdominal pain, take two sheng of the aforementioned Guizhi Tang, add Jiaoyi (Malt Sugar) one sheng, and divide into two warm doses. If profuse sweating occurs, use only 2 liang of Guizhi. Repeated sweating after initial sweating leads to Yang collapse and delirium; if the pulse remains harmonious, death does not ensue. If the condition resolves after sweating but returns with irritance after half a day, with a floating-rapid pulse, sweating may be re-induced using Guizhi Tang.
Contraindications: Haizao (Seaweed), raw Cong (Scallion), Songcai (Chinese Cabbage), etc. (From Volume 2; also recorded in *Qianjin Fang*, *Huqia Fang*, *Jiyan Fang*, *Wenzhong Fang*, *Beiji Fang*, *Fanwang Fang*.)
Another formula for Shanghan presenting with headache, lower back pain, body and joint pain, fever, aversion to wind, anhidrosis, and wheezing is Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction).
Ingredients: Mahuang (Ephedra Herb) (3 liang, nodes removed), Guixin (Cinnamon Heart) (2 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root), roasted (1 liang), Xingren (Apricot Seed) (70 pieces, skin and tip removed, crushed).
Chop the four herbs. Add nine sheng of water, boil Mahuang to reduce by two sheng, skim off the foam, add other herbs, and boil to obtain two and a half sheng. Remove dregs. Take eight ge per dose. Cover to induce slight sweating. Hot congee is not required. Rest care follows the Guizhi Tang method. Contraindications: Haizao, Songcai, raw Cong. (Comment by Yi et al.: In Zhang Zhongjing's *Shanghan Lun*, Mahuang Tang primarily...)
Another formula for Taiyang disease presenting with stiffness and tension in the nape and back (Jiangbei Qiangji), accompanied by sweating and aversion to wind, belongs to Gegen Tang (Kudzu Decoction).
Ingredients: Gegen (Kudzu Root) (4 liang), Mahuang (Ephedra Herb) (4 liang, nodes removed), Gancao (Licorice Root), roasted (2 liang), Shaoyao (White Peony Root), Guixin (Cinnamon Heart) (each 2 liang), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) (3 liang), Dazao (Jujube) (12 pieces, torn open).
Chop the seven herbs. Add ten sheng of water, boil Mahuang and Gegen to reduce by two sheng, skim off the foam, add other herbs, and boil to obtain three sheng. Remove dregs. Take one sheng warm. Cover to induce slight sweating. Hot congee is not needed to assist sweating. Rest care follows the Guizhi Tang method. Contraindications: Haizao, Songcai, raw Cong. (From Volume 3. Zhang Zhongjing's *Shanghan Lun* uses Guizhi Tang for Fengzhong with sweating; this case describes no sweating, indicating it is a Shanghan disease, not Fengzhong.)
The Weirui Tang (Polygonatum Decoction) from *Duanju* treats Winter-Warmth and Spring Wind-Strike/Cold-Damage, presenting with fever, vertigo and headache, dry throat, stiff tongue, chest pain, chest oppression, and stiffness/fullness in the waist and back.
Ingredients: Weirui (Polygonatum Rhizome) (2 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (3 fen, powdered, wrapped in silk), Baiwei (Anemarrhenae Rhizome) (2 liang), Mahuang (Ephedra Herb) (2 liang, nodes removed), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) (2 liang), Xingren (Apricot Seed) (2 liang, skin and tip removed, double kernels), Xiongqiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome) (2 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root), roasted (2 liang), Qingmuxiang (Styrax Benzoin) (2 liang; if unavailable, replace with 1 fen of Shexiang/Musk).
Chop the nine herbs. Add eight sheng of water, boil to obtain three sheng. Divide into three doses to induce sweating. If alternating chills and fever occur, add Puxiao (Mirabilite) 1 fen and Dahuang (Rhubarb Root) 3 liang to purge. Contraindications: Haizao, Songcai. (From Volume 6; *Gujin Luyan* records the same formula with 2 liang of Gegen.)
*Qianjin Fang* treats Shanghan/Fengzhong persisting for five to six days, presenting only with chest irritability and dry retching, using Gualou Shi Tang (Trichosanthes Fruit Decoction).
Ingredients: Gualoushi (Trichosanthes Fruit) (1 liang), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) (8 liang), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (3 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root), roasted (3 liang), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) (4 liang, sliced), Dazao (Jujube) (10 pieces, torn open).
Chop the six herbs finely but do not crush them completely. Blow away dust/powder. Add twelve sheng of water, boil to obtain six sheng, strain, and decoct again to obtain three sheng. Take one sheng warm, three times daily. Contraindications: Haizao, Songcai. (From Volume 10.)
*Qianjin Yifang* treats Fengzhong with fever persisting for six to seven days without resolution, accompanied by irritability, exterior-interior signs, thirst, drinking water followed by vomiting. This is Water-Reversal (Shuini), treated with Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria).
Ingredients: Zhuling (Polyporus) (3 fen), Zexie (Alisma Rhizome) (5 fen), Fuling (Poria) (3 fen), Guixin (Cinnamon Heart) (2 fen), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizome) (3 fen).
Pulverize the five herbs. Take one cun-bi (square inch measure) with water, three times daily. Drink plenty of warm water; sweating indicates cure. Contraindications: Taoli (Peach/Plum), vinegar substances, raw Cong, Sparrow meat, etc.
Another case: Shanghan/Fengzhong treated incorrectly with purgation by the physician. The patient suffers diarrhea dozens of times daily, undigested food, borborygmus in the abdomen, epigastric hardness and fullness, dry retching, irritability, and inability to rest. Seeing the epigastric fullness, the physician assumes residual pathogen and applies purgation again, worsening the fullness. This is not heat binding, but stomach deficiency with rebellious Qi ascending, causing hardness. Treat with Gancao Xiexin Tang (Licorice Decoction for Draining the Epigastrium).
Ingredients: Gancao (Licorice Root), roasted (4 liang), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (3 liang), Dazao (Jujube) (12 pieces, torn open), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizome) (1 liang), Jiangjiang (Dried Ginger) (2 liang), Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber) (0.5 sheng, washed to remove slipperiness).
Chop the six herbs. Add ten sheng of water, boil to obtain six sheng. Divide into six doses. Contraindications: Haizao, Songcai, pork, mutton, malt sugar. (From Volume 9; one version includes Renshen (Ginseng Root) 3 liang.)
*Gujin Luyan* treats Fengzhong/Shanghan with floating pulse, fever, alternating sweating, aversion to wind, neck stiffness, Biming, and Gan'ou. Treat with Yangdan Tang (Yang Dawn Decoction).
Ingredients: Dazao (Jujube) (12 pieces, torn open), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) (3 liang), Shaoyao (White Peony Root) (3 liang), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) (3 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root), roasted (3 liang), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (2 liang).
Chop the six herbs. Add six sheng of spring water, boil to obtain four sheng. Divide into four doses, three times daily. If spontaneous sweating occurs, remove Guixin and add one Paofuzi (Prepared Aconite Root). If thirsty, remove Guizhi and add 3 liang of Gualou. If diarrhea occurs, remove Shaoyao and Guizhi, add 3 liang of Jiangjiang and one Paofuzi. If palpitations occur, remove Shaoyao and add 4 liang of Fuling. For deficiency-cold with interior urgency, Zhengyang Dan Tang is indicated: decoct to obtain two sheng, add half sheng of Jiaoyi, and divide into two doses. Contraindicated if pulse is floating-tight with fever. Contraindications: Haizao, Songcai, raw Cong, etc. (*Qianjin Fang* agrees.)
Daqinglong Tang (Great Blue Dragon Decoction) treats Taiyang Fengzhong with floating-tight pulse, fever, aversion to cold, body pain, anhidrosis, and irritability.
Ingredients: Mahuang (Ephedra Herb) (6 liang, nodes removed), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) (2 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root), roasted (2 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (size of a chicken egg, crushed, wrapped in silk), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) (3 liang), Xingren (Apricot Seed) (40 pieces, double kernels and tips removed), Dazao (Jujube) (10 pieces, torn open).
Chop the seven herbs. Add nine sheng of water, boil Mahuang first to reduce by two sheng, skim foam, then add other herbs. Boil to obtain three sheng. Remove dregs. Take one sheng per dose. Cover thickly to induce slight sweating. If sweating is excessive, apply warm powder. Do not re-administer if sweating occurs after one dose. Re-administration may cause excessive sweating, Yang collapse, deficiency, aversion to wind, irritability, and insomnia. Contraindications: Haizao, Songcai, raw Cong, etc. (From Volume 2. Zhang Zhongjing's *Shanghan Lun* states: If Fengzhong presents with Shanghan pulse, this may be taken.)