病源目者脏腑之精华，肝之外候也，伤寒热毒壅滞，熏蒸于肝上攻于目，则令目赤肿痛
若毒瓦斯盛者眼生翳膜又肝开窍于目，肝气虚热，乘虚上冲于目，故目赤痛重者生疮翳白膜息
肉
肘后疗伤寒大病后，热毒攻目方。
煮蜂房以洗之，日六七度。（张文仲同）
又方
冷水渍青布以掩目。（张文仲同）
又疗热病后生翳方。
烧豉二七粒末，纳管中以吹之。（并出第二卷中文仲备急同）
短剧漏芦连翘汤，疗伤寒热毒，变作赤色痈疽丹疹肿毒，及眼赤痛生障翳，悉主之方兼
疗天行。
漏芦（二两） 连翘（二两） 黄芩（二两） 麻黄（二两去节） 白蔹（二两） 升
麻（二两
）甘草（二两炙） 大黄（三两切） 枳实（三两炙）
上九味切，以水九升，煮取三升，去滓，温分三服，相去二食顷更服，热盛者可加芒硝
二两。忌海藻菘菜等物。（千金同）
又秦皮汤，疗毒病冲眼忽生赤翳，或白，或肿肤起，或赤痛不得视光，痛入心肝或眼
外浮肿如吹汁出，生膜覆珠子方。
秦皮（二两） 前胡（二两） 常山（二两） 黄芩（二两） 升麻（二两） 芍药（二
两） 白
薇（二两） 枳实（二两炙） 大黄（三两） 甘草（二两炙）
上十味，以水八升，煮取三升，分三服，相去二食顷更服，若盛热者可加芒硝二两。忌
海藻菘菜生葱生菜。（出第六卷中一方加蕤仁一两栀子仁半两）
张文仲秦皮汤，主伤寒病热，毒瓦斯入眼，生赤脉赤膜白肤白翳者，及赤痛不得见光，
痛毒烦恼者神效方。
秦皮 升麻 黄连（各一两）
上三味切，以水洗去尘，用水四升，煮取二升半，冷之，分用三合，仰眼，以绵绕箸头
，取汤以滴眼中，如屋漏状，尽三合止，须臾复用，日五六遍乃佳。忌猪肉冷水。（出第二
卷中）
According to etiology, the eyes are the gathering place of the essence of the Zang-Fu organs and serve as the external manifestation of the Liver. When pathogenic heat-toxin from Shanghan (Cold Damage) stagnates and accumulates, steaming upward to attack the Liver and subsequently affecting the eyes, it causes redness, swelling, and pain in the eyes.
If the toxic qi is vigorous, membranes (pterygium/leukoma) may form on the eyes. Furthermore, since the Liver opens into the eyes, if Liver Qi is deficient with internal heat, the heat rushes upward through the deficiency to the eyes. Consequently, severe redness, swelling, and pain in the eyes can lead to the formation of sores, visual obstructions (cataracts/opacities), white membranes, or polyps.
The *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* records a prescription for treating eye attacks caused by heat-toxin after a major Shanghan illness:
Boil honeycomb (Apis nest) and wash the eyes with the decoction, six to seven times daily. (This method is identical to that of Zhang Wenzhong.)
Another prescription:
Soak a blue cloth in cold water and apply it over the eyes. (This method is identical to that of Zhang Wenzhong.)
Another prescription for treating opacity formation after febrile diseases:
Burn fourteen grains of fermented soybean (Douchi) into powder, place them in a tube, and blow the powder into the eyes. (Both sourced from Volume 2, identical to Zhang Wenzhong's *Beiji Fang*.)
The *Loulu Lianqiao Tang* (Decoction of Rhizoma Euphorbiae Humifusae and Forsythiae Fructus) from the *Duanju Fang* treats Shanghan heat-toxin transforming into red carbuncles, furuncles, erysipelas, rashes, swelling toxins, as well as red painful eyes with visual obstructions. It is indicated for all these conditions and also treats epidemic febrile diseases (Tianxing).
Ingredients and dosages: Loulu (Rhizoma Euphorbiae Humifusae, 2 liang), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus, 2 liang), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 2 liang), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 2 liang, nodes removed), Bailian (Ampelopsis Radix, 2 liang), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 2 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang, prepared with honey), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 3 liang, sliced), Zhishi (Immaturus Citri Reticulatae Fructus, 3 liang, prepared with honey).
Chop the above nine ingredients. Decoct with nine sheng of water until three sheng remain. Strain the dregs. Take the decoction warm, divided into three doses. Administer another dose after an interval equivalent to two meals. If heat is extreme, add Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 2 liang). Avoid consuming Haizao (Sargassum) and Songcai (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis). (Identical to *Qianjin Fang*.)
There is also Qinpi Tang (Decoction of Fraxini Cortex), used when toxic pathogens rush to the eyes causing sudden appearance of red opacities, or white opacities, or swollen skin rising up, or red painful eyes unable to see light, with pain penetrating to the Heart and Liver, or external eye swelling resembling exudate flow, with membranes covering the eyeball.
Ingredients and dosages: Qinpi (Fraxini Cortex, 2 liang), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix, 2 liang), Changshan (Radix Dichroae, 2 liang), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 2 liang), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 2 liang), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix, 2 liang), Baiwei (Cynanchi Atrati Radix, 2 liang), Zhishi (Immaturus Citri Reticulatae Fructus, 2 liang, prepared with honey), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 3 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang, prepared with honey).
Decoct the above ten ingredients with eight sheng of water until three sheng remain. Divide into three doses. Administer another dose after an interval equivalent to two meals. If heat is extreme, add Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 2 liang). Avoid consuming Haizao (Sargassum), Songcai (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis), raw scallions, and raw vegetables. (From Volume 6; one variant adds Ruiren [Pruni Armeniacae Semen, 1 liang] and Zhizi Ren [Gardeniae Semen, 0.5 liang].)
Zhang Wenzhong’s Qinpi Tang primarily treats Shanghan heat where toxic qi enters the eyes, causing red vessels, red membranes, white skin lesions, and white opacities, as well as red painful eyes unable to perceive light, accompanied by intense pain and mental agitation. This formula is highly effective.
Ingredients and dosages: Qinpi (Fraxini Cortex), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) (each 1 liang).
Chop the above three ingredients. Wash with water to remove dust. Decoct with four sheng of water until two and a half sheng remain. Allow to cool. Measure out three ge per dose. Tilt the head back. Wrap cotton around the tip of a chopstick, dip it into the decoction, and drip it into the eye slowly like water dripping from a roof eaves. Use up the entire three ge. Repeat after a short while. Apply five to six times daily for best results. Avoid pork and cold water. (From Volume 2.)