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Select live specimens and soak them in sesame oil until dead. Used to treat tinea capitis with hair loss (Zhu Fa Xuan); when pounded into a paste and applied to corns on the toes, they fall off overnight, heal without recurrence.

(Refers to the old toad)
Larger specimens are preferred. Used raw to fill rotting sores and draw out deep toxins, softening chronic toxic ulcers around the anus. Method for obtaining Chan Su (Toad Venom): Hold an old toad upside down, insert its head into the pan of a steelyard scale, lift the ring on the beam; white fluid will exude from the toad's brain, which is the venom. Remove the toad, dry the pan, scrape off the powder for prescription compounding. It eliminates carbuncles, draws out toxins, relieves toothache, and treats intestinal colic with distension.

(Pounded into a paste)
Apply to indurated phlegm nodules; apply to Mingmen (GV4) to promote urination; add Borneol (Bing Pian) to treat hemorrhoids. If decocted within ointments, the shell must be crushed beforehand to prevent oil splattering, which could scald the person or stain clothing.

(Size like a coin, belly red as blood), also known as Jin Qian Die (Money Turtle). Found in mountain streams, most abundant in Guangde Prefecture. Sweet in taste, non-toxic. After roasting to preserve efficacy and grinding into powder, it can eliminate fistulas.

(Wash three times with water to remove saltiness), roast and grind for use. Treats convulsions and stroke.

(Wash mud, wings, and feet off with boiling water), sun-dry. Treats blurred vision with corneal opacity, smallpox/rashes, and carbuncles.

Astringes the lungs, generates fluids, eliminates alcohol toxicity, absorbs dampness, and treats rectal prolapse.

(Clean with rice washing water), stir-fry and grind. Treats stroke with throat obstruction, disperses wind-phlegm, eliminates scrofula, treats wind-sores with genital itching, cures convulsions, and heals carbuncle toxins and hemorrhoids.

Best if exposed to open air and containing bee larvae. Roast to preserve efficacy and grind. Draws out toxins, treats chronic non-healing ulcers, relieves pain. When burned to ash together with human hair and snake slough, taken daily with wine in small doses, it treats visceral arthralgia (Li Jie Feng), malignant carbuncles, and toxin accumulation. If roasted to preserve efficacy and taken mixed with wine, it treats incontinence and enuresis; decocted to wash toxic sores. Specimens without bees are ineffective.

In severe winter snow, they can be collected using a cloth bag. After collection, steam them to death in a steaming barrel, roast the nest together, and grind. Mix with vinegar and apply to boils and furuncles to dissipate them. Combined with snake slough, it treats spreading carbuncle toxins (Zou Huang). Mixed with milk and taken orally, it treats infant vomiting and diarrhea.

In the ninth lunar month, red worms appear within the joints. Extract them, mix with Calomel (Qing Fen) and Cinnabar (Zhu Sha), pound into pills the size of millet grains. Wrap each pill in gold leaf. Take one pill per year of age, delivered with milk. Treats acute and chronic convulsions.