心善精神爽,言清色润鲜,疮疼兼不渴,寤寐两安然。肝善身体便,睛明不怒烦,指头
红活色,起坐自平安。肺善声音响,无痰韵更长,肌肤多滑润,大便自寻常。脾善唇滋润,肢温
便不难,脓稠无臭恶,知味且加餐。肾善诚为要,水深火自降,口和无燥渴,小水得稀长。
一恶神昏愦,心烦舌燥干,疮形多紫黑,言语自呢喃。二恶腰身强,睛斜体自寒,疮头
流血水,惊悸是伤肝。三恶形消瘦,脓清臭秽生,疮形多软陷,脾败不知疼。四恶皮肤槁,声嘶
韵不长,痰多兼喘促,鼻动肺将亡。五恶成消渴,昏眠体不伸,形容多惨黑,囊缩肾无根。
六恶身浮肿,肠鸣呕呃频,大肠多滑泻,脏腑并将倾。七恶疮回陷,形如剥鳝同,四肢多逆
冷,污水自流通。
古人治病,虽赖乎药,亦资乎饵。药之所忌,关乎人之死生;饵之宜忌,涉乎病患轻重
。饵者饮食之类也,凡病患姿啖无忌,以致证候因循反复,变态无常,固然不可,而每有断戒几
尽,若一无可啖者,亦不通之甚也。夫饮食之所忌者,以其与所患之证相妨者也。如椒、姜
、面、蛋,煎、炒、爆、炙之属,俱能助壅动热,患阳痈者忌之;瓜果、梨、柿,生冷性寒
之属,俱能损胃伤脾,患阴疽者忌之;鸡、鹅、虾、蟹,海味腥膻之属,俱能动风发痒,患
疮疥者忌之。其余不与证相妨碍者,以及猪肉、腰、肚、海参、老鸭、菜蔬之品,食之无庸
忌也。况大患溃后,气血两虚,脾胃并弱,非有味之物,何以滋补亏伤。若徒恃区区无情之
草木,以为调理,吾知其无病者且不可,而谓其有病者为宜乎?人之维身,止此血气,血气
已虚不为回护,至胃败阴虚,枯阳燔炽,七恶变乱,而成败证者,是谁之咎欤?此乃医家、
病家之积弊,所以不可不亟讲也。至于忍饿伤精,过饱伤气,茹冷成痞等类,又惟在知命者
自爱焉。
Heart Virtue: The spirit is refreshing, speech is clear, complexion is ruddy and fresh; the sore hurts but there is no thirst, and both waking and sleeping are peaceful.
Liver Virtue: The body is agile and comfortable, eyes are bright without anger or vexation, fingertips are red and vibrant, rising and sitting are naturally safe.
Lung Virtue: Voice is resonant, there is no phlegm and the tone is prolonged, skin and muscles are slippery and moist, bowel movements are normal.
Spleen Virtue: Lips are moist, limbs are warm, defecation is not difficult, pus is thick and odorless, one knows the taste of food and appetite increases.
Kidney Virtue: This is crucial; when kidney water is abundant, heart fire descends naturally; the mouth is harmonious without dryness or thirst, and urination is smooth and copious.
First Evil: Mental confusion and dullness, mental restlessness with a dry tongue, sores are mostly purple-black, speech is muttering.
Second Evil: Stiffness in the waist and body, eyes deviated, body feels cold, sores bleed fluid, palpitations and fright indicate liver injury.
Third Evil: Emaciation, thin pus with foul odor, sores are soft and depressed, spleen failure leads to insensitivity to pain.
Fourth Evil: Skin is withered, voice is hoarse and tone short, excessive phlegm accompanied by panting, nasal flapping indicates lung qi perishing.
Fifth Evil: Development of Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome), lethargy with inability to extend the body, appearance is withered and dark, retraction of the scrotum indicates rootless kidney qi.
Sixth Evil: Generalized edema, borborygmus, frequent vomiting and hiccups, diarrhea due to large intestine slipping, organ functions are collapsing.
Seventh Evil: Sores retract and depress, resembling skinned eels, extremities are cold, foul fluid flows spontaneously.
In ancient times, treating diseases relied not only on medicine but also on diet. Medicinal taboos concern life and death; dietary appropriateness and taboos affect the severity of the patient's condition. "Diet" refers to food and drink. If patients eat without restraint, causing symptoms to persist, recur, and change unpredictably, this is certainly inadvisable. However, if all foods are strictly forbidden until nothing seems edible, this is also excessively inflexible. Dietary taboos exist because certain foods conflict with the specific disease. For instance, Sichuan pepper, ginger, wheat products, eggs, and foods prepared by frying, stir-frying, popping, or roasting can promote stagnation and generate heat; these should be avoided by patients with Yang abscesses (Yang Yong). Fruits, pears, persimmons, and other raw, cold-natured foods can damage the stomach and spleen; these should be avoided by patients with Yin ulcers (Yin Ju). Chicken, goose, shrimp, crab, and other seafood with fishy odors can stir wind and induce itching; these should be avoided by patients with sores and scabies. Other foods that do not interfere with the condition, as well as pork, pig kidneys, pig tripe, sea cucumber, old duck, and vegetables, need not be restricted. Moreover, after a major illness breaks open, both Qi and Blood are deficient, and the Spleen and Stomach are weak. Without flavorful foods, how can one nourish the deficits? Relying solely on "lifeless" herbal medicines for regulation is insufficient; even healthy people might not tolerate it, let alone the sick. Human life depends on Qi and Blood. If deficient Qi and Blood are not protected and restored, leading to Stomach Qi failure, Yin deficiency with blazing Fire, chaos of the Seven Evils, and ultimate collapse, whose fault is this? This is a long-standing malpractice among physicians and patients, which must be urgently addressed. As for starving oneself damaging Essence, overeating damaging Qi, or consuming cold foods forming masses (Pi), these matters require individuals who understand destiny to care for themselves.