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There are fixed treatment principles for sores and ulcers in external medicine; I tell you to keep them firmly in mind. The manifestations of diseases vary endlessly with different root causes, so how can the methods be all the same? Heat versus cold, unobstructed versus constipated, one must know the precise details within these nuances. Unobstructed conditions are mostly insufficient (to worry about), while constipated conditions are often excessive and require handling; heat-excess and cold-deficiency patterns must be treated according to their specific symptoms. Yang patterns may resemble Yin patterns, and Yin patterns may resemble Yang patterns; the subtle principles involved must be carefully deduced and examined. If one treats both exterior and interior patterns indiscriminately with a single method, mild conditions will become severe, and severe conditions will lead to death. Physicians must excel in flexible adaptation and cannot rigidly adhere to using only one formula.

For instance, when an exterior pattern presents with aversion to cold, Jingfang Baidu San (Aucklandia and Saposhnikovia Decoction to Overcome Toxins) is appropriate. When an interior pattern presents with fever, Neishu Huanglian Tang (Internal Purging Coptis Decoction) can be used. When the sore's momentum has fully formed, Tuoli Xiaodu San (Supporting the Interior and Eliminating Toxin Powder) is indeed the orthodox method. When internal pus is about to rupture, Shiquan Dabu Tang (Deca-Ingredient Great Tonifying Decoction) is most suitable. Renshen Yangrong Tang (Ginseng Nourishing the Vigor Decoction) treats post-ulceration deficiency-heat flare-ups. Muxiang Liqi Yin (Costus Regulating Qi Infusion) disperses swellings caused by cold-dampness. If appetite is poor, Xiangsha Kaiwei (Aucklandia and Amomum Opening the Stomach) should be used. If spirit is timid and energy low, Shen Zhu Huiyang (Ginseng and Atractylodes Restoring Yang) is required. For Yin deficiency or Yang deficiency, Bazhen Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) is the essential key. For night sweats or spontaneous sweating, a single ingredient of Renshen (Ginseng) can strengthen the body. For much pain after ulceration, Rufang Dingtong San (Frankincense Calming Pain Powder) has miraculous efficacy and should not be delayed. For Spleen deficiency with sinking, Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) has excellent effects. For dryness and delirious speech, Xiedu Huo requires Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Decoction to Clear Toxins). For mental restlessness and epistaxis, Lixu Yang requires Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction). Ancient methods for treating carbuncles and sores praise Xianfang Huoming Yin (Immortal Formula Preserving Life Infusion). Modern physicians treating back carbuncles still rely on Shenshou Weisheng Tang (Divine Bestowal Health Protecting Decoction). Chansu Wan (Toad Venom Pill) is called a unique treasure in external medicine; Huxin San (Heart-Protecting Powder) is hailed as unparalleled in resolving internal toxins. Who knows that Lafan Wan (Beeswax and Alum Pill) protects membranes and the heart, admirable for its subtle flavor within blandness? Also praised is Yugong Gao (Jade Red Ointment) for generating flesh and tissue, worthy of praise for presenting auspicious signs amidst necrotic tissue. For cool body with spontaneous sweating, abdominal pain, borborygmus, vomiting, and regurgitation, Yigong San (Extraordinary Merit Powder) is indispensable. For restless sleep, deficiency-Yang agitation, and excessive pus, Shengyu Tang (Sage Replenishment Decoction) is definite. Shengmai San (Generate Pulse Powder) supports weak and emaciated patients, especially when the pulse is faint and fine. Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction) removes palpitations and anxiety, ensuring peaceful sleep. Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) treats deficiency-heat and restlessness, leaving no room for doubt. Maidong Qingfei Yin (Ophiopogon Clearing Lung Infusion) clears phlegm with heat in the chest, requiring no deliberation. Jinli Tang (Golden Carp Decoction) treats lung abscess with purulent sputum and rapid breathing. Yuandan Dan (Turtle Shell Pill) attacks toxic accumulations, foul-smelling, putrid, and stubborn sores. Fengre Shengchuang Tongsheng San (Wind-Heat Generating Sores Universal Salvation Powder) treats wind-heat sores; Chuangyang Kuangzao Poguadan (Sores Madness Breaking Coffin Pill) treats manic irritability from sores. Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) removes pathogenic invaders causing alternating chills and fever; Dafangfeng Tang (Great Saposhnikovia Decoction) attacks cold-dampness afflicting the legs and knees. For swollen and painful throat, Qingyan Lige San (Clear Throat and Benefit Diaphragm Powder) is definite. For red and purple macules, Huaban Jiedu Tang (Resolve Macules and Clear Toxins Decoction) is unavoidable. Bawei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill) is a wonderful remedy for dry mouth; Ershen Wan (Two Divine Ingredients Pill) is a miraculous prescription for Spleen diarrhea. Xianglian Wan (Aucklandia and Coptis Pill) is universally used for organ-related dysentery; Ganlu Yin (Sweet Dew Infusion) is highly suitable for rotting gums and teeth. Liuhe Tang (Six Harmonies Decoction) harmonizes the Spleen and stops vomiting and diarrhea; Shuangjie San (Double Release Powder) resolves exterior and interior injuries. Xiaoyao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) excels in treating various women's diseases; Baoyuan Tang (Preserve Origin Decoction) often supports infants prone to injury. For dry and scorched skin and hair, Lushui Wan (Aloe Pill) has very swift effects. For swollen and painful throat and gums, Bingpeng San (Ice and Borax Powder) has extraordinary efficacy. Zishen Wan (Nourish Kidney Pill) treats insecurity of lower Yuan due to Kidney deficiency; Liangge San (Cool Diaphragm Powder) resolves upper Jiao diaphragmatic heat and vexation. Jiulong Dan (Nine Dragons Pill) eliminates fish-mouth (inguinal lymphadenitis); swallowing it makes traces disappear. Ewen San (Two Mosquitoes Powder) moves damp swelling; taking it brings health. Lüzu Yizhimei (Ancestor Lü's One Branch Plum) stops dysentery and calms fright, called an immortal medicine. Zhenjun Miaotie Yin (True Lord's Miraculous Paste Infusion) reduces swelling and relieves pain, hailed as a divine formula. For hemorrhoids, fistulas, goiters, and carbuncles, ancient times praised Sanpin Ding (Three Grades Pellet). For carbuncles, sores, flowing nodules, and various winds, today we admire Wanling Dan (Ten Thousand Spirits Pill). Chaihu Qinggan Tang (Bupleurum Clearing Liver Decoction) is effective for temporal carbuncles affecting the Liver and Gallbladder. Huanglian Xiaodu Yin (Coptis Eliminating Toxin Infusion) is particularly good for treating perioral carbuncles affecting the Du vessel. For children with mouth ulcers (kan), Renzhongbai San (Human Midsection Ash Powder) is essential. For adults with swollen and painful throats, Jin Suoshi Tang (Golden Lock Key Decoction) is required. For new or old chancre, Zhenzhu San (Pearl Powder) is used; for dribbling and astringency in urination, Mutong Tang (Akebia Decoction) is employed. Yuzhen San (True Jade Powder) is effective for tetanus; Fuyuan Tang (Restore Origin Decoction) is strong for treating falls and blows. Tijian San (Lifting Shoulder Powder) treats stiff and painful arms; Niantong Tang (Picking Pain Decoction) removes rheumatic injury causing painful legs. For genital ulcers, Longdan Xiegan Tang (Gentiana Draining Liver Decoction) is admirable. For large head swelling and pain, Puji Xiaodu Yin (Universal Benefit Eliminating Toxin Infusion) poses no objection. For venereal buboes and hanging perineal sores, Neixiao San (Internal Dissolving Powder) swallowed causes no worry. For buttock sores and leg diseases, [missing character]chai Tang administered internally ensures no disaster. There are also female yin sores, which can swell, hurt, and itch intensely. It depends on the physician's flexible approach: either resolve, tonify, or use insect medicines. Generally, male scrotal carbuncles involve draining damp-heat from the Liver channel. Infant erysipelas (chìyóudān) requires detoxification and bloodletting. Whenever treating yaws (méiyángchuāng), avoiding fumigation is most urgent. Sublingual phlegm nodules require sharp scissors to drain; if it emerges like egg white, resolving phlegm is the true secret. For toxic accumulations and stubborn sores, Zijin Gao (Purple Gold Ointment) can be applied. For bone-penetrating itchy wind sores, Xionghuang San (Realgar Powder) has supreme efficacy. For carbuncles, first prick to bleed; internal toxins should be expelled through sweat via juice/herbs. Moxibustion is forbidden, but acupuncture is allowed; fear cotton (cotton implies toxin sinking) but not iron (iron implies hard needles making sound). There is also Shirong swelling, hard as rock and protruding. Qiangyin Shidao syndrome shapes must be distinguished. Female breast cancer (rǔyán) is decided by this single principle. Before rupture, flesh is pricked-like; after rupture, foul blood flows. Regarding such several types of conditions, there is no cure described in ancient or modern times. There are hundreds of sores, difficult to state completely. Only with one point of heart/mind, why need three inches of tongue? If learners act as guides, all matters become thoroughly understood. This is a rough song, open to ridicule or reading.