夫小便数者。由膀胱与肾俱虚。而有客热乘之故也。肾与膀胱为表里。俱主水。肾气下
通于阴。此二经既虚。故受于客热。虚则不能制水。小便热则水行涩。涩则小便不快。故令
数起
治肾虚客热。小便数多。菝 散方。
菝 （一两锉） 土瓜根（一两） 黄 （一两锉） 地骨皮（一两） 五味子（一两）
人参（
一两去芦头） 石膏（三两） 牡蛎（一两烧为粉）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服四钱。以水一中盏。煎至六分。去滓。每于食前温服。
治肾中虚热。虽能食。小便数多。渐加瘦弱。宜服地骨皮饮子方。
地骨皮〔二（三）两〕 生干地黄（一两） 人参（一两去芦头） 麦门冬（二两去心）
白龙
骨
（一两） 黄 （一两锉）
上件药。细锉和匀。每服半钱（两）。以水一大盏。入生姜半分。小麦半合。煎至五分。
去滓。每于食前温服。
治小便数。日夜无时。山茱萸散方。
山茱萸（一两） 赤石脂（二两） 萆 （一两锉） 牛膝（一两去苗） 肉苁蓉（二
两酒浸一
宿刮去粗皮炙干） 狗脊（一两） 牡蛎（一两烧为粉） 黄 （一两锉） 土瓜根（一两）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服四钱。以水一中盏。煎至六分。去滓。每于食前温服。
治下虚。小便滑数。黄 散方。
黄 （一两锉） 黄连（一两去须） 土瓜根（一两） 苦参（半两锉） 玄参（半两）
栝蒌根
（一两） 龙
两去毛涂
酥炙令微黄）
上件药。捣罗为末。炼蜜和捣三二百杵。丸如梧桐子大。每于食前。以竹根煎汤下三十
丸。
治小便数。饮水多。熟干地黄丸方。
熟干地黄（一两） 土瓜根（一两） 黄 （一两锉） 菝 （一两锉） 漏芦〔二（一）
两〕 地
骨皮（一两锉） 栝蒌根（二两） 桑螵蛸（一两微炒） 龙骨（二两）
上件药。捣罗为末。炼蜜和捣三二百杵。丸如梧桐子大。每于食前。以蜜水下三十丸。
亦宜常服牛马乳。妙。
治小便数而多。鸡 散方。
鸡 （二两微炙） 黄 （二两锉） 龙骨（一两） 黄连（半两去须） 麦门冬（一
两去心
焙） 土瓜根（半两） 熟干地黄（一两）
上件药。捣罗为末。炼蜜和捣三二百杵。丸如梧桐子大。每于食前。以粥饮下三十丸。
又方。
龙骨（一两） 桑螵蛸（一两） 熟干地黄（一两） 栝蒌根（一两） 黄连（一两去
须）
上件药。捣细罗为散。每于食前。以粥饮调下二钱。
Frequent urination is caused by the deficiency of both the Bladder and the Kidney, compounded by the invasion of exogenous heat pathogens. The Kidney and the Bladder are exterior-interiorly related and jointly govern water metabolism. Kidney Qi extends downward to the external genitalia. Since these two meridians are deficient, they are susceptible to exogenous heat pathogens. Deficiency leads to an inability to control water; heat causes the flow of urine to become obstructed and sluggish, resulting in discomfort during urination, thus leading to frequent urges to void.
Treatment for frequent urination due to Kidney deficiency with exogenous heat: Baqia Powder Formula.
Baqia (Smilax Glabra Rhizome) [1 liang, cut into pieces]
Tugua Gen (Trichosanthes Kirilowii Root) [1 liang]
Huangqin (Scutellaria Baicalensis Root) [1 liang, cut into pieces]
Digupi (Lycium Bark) [1 liang]
Wuweizi (Schisandra Chinensis Fruit) [1 liang]
Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) [1 liang, radix removed]
Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) [3 liang]
Muli (Ostrea Shell) [1 liang, calcined to powder]
Process the above herbs: crush them coarsely and sieve to make a powder. Take 4 qian per dose. Add 1 zhongzhan (approx. 200-300ml) of water, decoct until reduced to 6 fen (approx. 120-180ml). Strain the dregs. Take warm before meals.
Treatment for empty heat in the Kidney, where appetite remains normal but urination is frequent, accompanied by gradual emaciation and weakness: Diguopi Yinzi Decoction Formula is suitable.
Diguopi (Lycium Bark) [2 or 3 liang]
Sheng Gan Dihuang (Rehmannia Glutinosa Root) [1 liang]
Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) [1 liang, radix removed]
Mendong (Ophiopogon Japonicus Tuber) [2 liang, heart removed]
Baiguji (Dragon Bone/Fossilized Bones) [1 liang]
Huangqin (Scutellaria Baicalensis Root) [1 liang, cut into pieces]
Process the above herbs: finely cut and mix evenly. Take 0.5 qian or 1 liang per dose. Add 1 dazhan (approx. 400-500ml) of water, add 0.5 fen of fresh ginger and 0.5 he of wheat. Decoct until reduced to 5 fen. Strain the dregs. Take warm before meals.
Treatment for frequent urination without specific timing day or night: Shanzhuyu Powder Formula.
Shanzhuyu (Cornus Officinalis Fruit) [1 liang]
Chishizhi (Red Halloysite) [2 liang]
Bixie (Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome) [1 liang, cut into pieces]
Niuxi (Achyranthes Bidentata Root) [1 liang, sprouts removed]
Roucongrong (Cistanche Deserticola Stem) [2 liang, soaked in wine overnight, scraped clean of coarse skin, dried after roasting]
Gouji (Cibotium Barometz Rhizome) [1 liang]
Muli (Ostrea Shell) [1 liang, calcined to powder]
Huangqin (Scutellaria Baicalensis Root) [1 liang, cut into pieces]
Tugua Gen (Trichosanthes Kirilowii Root) [1 liang]
Process the above herbs: crush them coarsely and sieve to make a powder. Take 4 qian per dose. Add 1 zhongzhan of water, decoct until reduced to 6 fen. Strain the dregs. Take warm before meals.
Treatment for lower jiao deficiency with slippery and frequent urination: Huangqin Powder Formula.
Huangqin (Scutellaria Baicalensis Root) [1 liang, cut into pieces]
Huanglian (Coptis Chinensis Rhizome) [1 liang, fibrous roots removed]
Tugua Gen (Trichosanthes Kirilowii Root) [1 liang]
Kushen (Sophora Flavescens Root) [0.5 liang, cut into pieces]
Xuanshen (Scrophularia Ningpoensis Root) [0.5 liang]
Gualougen (Trichosanthes Kirilowii Root) [1 liang]
Longdan (Gentiana Scabra Root and Rhizome) [2 liang, hairs removed, coated with butter, roasted until slightly yellow]
Process the above herbs: grind into fine powder. Mix with refined honey and pound 200-300 times. Form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 30 pills before meals, washed down with bamboo root decoction.
Treatment for frequent urination with excessive thirst: Shu Gan Dihuang Wan Pill Formula.
Shu Gan Dihuang (Prepared Rehmannia Glutinosa Root) [1 liang]
Tugua Gen (Trichosanthes Kirilowii Root) [1 liang]
Huangqin (Scutellaria Baicalensis Root) [1 liang, cut into pieces]
Baqia (Smilax Glabra Rhizome) [1 liang, cut into pieces]
Loulu (Euphorbia Lathyris Root) [2 or 1 liang]
Digupi (Lycium Bark) [1 liang, cut into pieces]
Gualougen (Trichosanthes Kirilowii Root) [2 liang]
Sangpiaoxiao (Mantis Egg Case) [1 liang, lightly stir-fried]
Longgu (Dragon Bone/Fossilized Bones) [2 liang]
Process the above herbs: grind into fine powder. Mix with refined honey and pound 200-300 times. Form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 30 pills before meals, washed down with honey water.
It is also advisable to regularly consume cow or horse milk, which is excellent.
Treatment for frequent and copious urination: Jineijin Powder Formula.
Jineijin (Chicken Gizzard Lining) [2 liang, lightly roasted]
Huangqin (Scutellaria Baicalensis Root) [2 liang, cut into pieces]
Longgu (Dragon Bone/Fossilized Bones) [1 liang]
Huanglian (Coptis Chinensis Rhizome) [0.5 liang, fibrous roots removed]
Mendong (Ophiopogon Japonicus Tuber) [1 liang, heart removed, baked]
Tugua Gen (Trichosanthes Kirilowii Root) [0.5 liang]
Shu Gan Dihuang (Prepared Rehmannia Glutinosa Root) [1 liang]
Process the above herbs: grind into fine powder. Mix with refined honey and pound 200-300 times. Form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 30 pills before meals, washed down with rice gruel liquid.
Another Formula.
Longgu (Dragon Bone/Fossilized Bones) [1 liang]
Sangpiaoxiao (Mantis Egg Case) [1 liang]
Shu Gan Dihuang (Prepared Rehmannia Glutinosa Root) [1 liang]
Gualougen (Trichosanthes Kirilowii Root) [1 liang]
Huanglian (Coptis Chinensis Rhizome) [1 liang, fibrous roots removed]
Process the above herbs: finely grind and sieve to make a powder. Take 2 qian before meals, mixed with rice gruel liquid.