答曰。阴阳不顺。清浊相干。气射中焦。名曰霍乱。本因饱食豚脍。复啖生冷。或饮寒浆。
眠卧冷席。风冷之气。伤于脾胃。诸食结而不消。阴阳二气壅而不散。交错于中。变成吐痢
。邪在于上者。先心痛而吐。邪在于下者。先腹痛而痢。心腹俱痛。吐痢并发。挟风者身热
头痛。冒暑者吐痢冷冻饮料。若不已。则百脉昏乱。营卫俱虚。冷搏于筋。令人转筋。邪干于胎。
其胎必损。挥霍之间。便成撩乱。故名霍乱也。
白术散。治产后霍乱。吐痢腹痛烦渴。手足逆冷。
白术 麦门冬 陈皮 干姜(炮) 人参(各一两) 甘草(炙半两)
上为粗散。每服四钱。水盏半。姜五片。煎六分。去滓温服。不拘时。
寒者。理中汤。治里
寒外热。霍乱吐痢。手足厥冷。胸脾心痛。逆气结气。
丁香(一两) 人参 甘草 白术 干姜(炮各三两)
上为饮子。每服三钱。水盏半。煎八分。去滓。空心稍热服。
丁香散。治霍乱吐痢不止。
丁香 桂心 白术(各半两) 诃梨勒 浓朴 高良姜 附子(各三分) 木瓜(干者) 陈皮(
各一两)
上为细末。每服二钱。米饮调下。不拘时。
渴者。五苓散。治霍乱吐痢。躁渴引饮。
泽泻(五两) 白术 猪苓(各三两) 肉桂(二两) 赤茯苓(三两)
上为细末。每服二钱。热汤调下。不拘时。服讫多饮热汤。有汗即愈。
参苓白术散。治胃气不顺。吐痢止后。躁渴不解。
干姜(二两) 人参 白茯苓(各一两) 木香(一分) 甘草(炙一分) 藿香叶
上为粗末。每服二钱。水盏半。煎七分。去滓温服。不拘时。
香薷饮。治清浊相干。霍乱吐痢。
香薷(一两半) 浓朴 黄连(各二两)
上为饮子。每服三钱。水盏半。煎七分。去滓。用新汲水频频顿极冷服之。药冷则效速也。
Answer: When Yin and Yang Qi fail to flow smoothly, and Clear and Turbid Qi interfere with each other, Qi attacks the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner), this condition is named Huoluan (Vomiting and Diarrhea Syndrome). The root cause lies in overeating pork or meat, followed by consuming raw and cold foods, drinking cold beverages, or sleeping on cold mats. Wind-cold pathogenic factors damage the Spleen and Stomach, causing all ingested food to stagnate and fail to digest. The Qi of Yin and Yang becomes obstructed and fails to disperse, intertwining within the Middle Jiao, transforming into vomiting and dysentery/diarrhea. If the pathogen resides in the Upper Jiao, heart pain precedes vomiting; if it resides in the Lower Jiao, abdominal pain precedes diarrhea. If both heart and abdomen are painful, vomiting and diarrhea occur simultaneously. Cases complicated by Wind present with fever and headache; cases complicated by Summer-heat present with vomiting and diarrhea resembling frozen drinks. If left untreated, the hundred vessels become chaotic, and both Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi become deficient. Cold combats the sinews, leading to muscle spasms (Zhuanjin). If the pathogen interferes with the fetus, the fetus will surely be damaged. In a moment of turmoil, chaos ensues, hence the name Huoluan.
Baizhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder): Treats postpartum Huoluan with symptoms of vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, irritability, thirst, and cold extremities.
Ingredients: Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Praeparatum, processed), Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix) [each 1 liang], Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle, honey-fried) [0.5 liang].
Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 4 qian per dose, with 1.5 cups of water and 5 slices of fresh ginger. Decoct until reduced to 60% volume, strain, and take warm. Administer at any time.
For Cold patterns, use Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction): Treats interior cold with exterior heat, Huoluan with vomiting and diarrhea, cold limbs, chest and epigastric pain, rebellious Qi, and Qi stagnation.
Ingredients: Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos) [1 liang], Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Praeparatum, processed) [each 3 liang].
Prepare as an infusion. Take 3 qian per dose, with 1.5 cups of water. Decoct until reduced to 80% volume, strain, and take slightly warm on an empty stomach.
Dingxiang San (Clove Powder): Treats persistent vomiting and diarrhea due to Huoluan.
Ingredients: Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Guixin (Cinnamomi Cortex), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) [each 0.5 liang], Helile (Terminaliae Chebulae Fructus), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Gaoliangjiang (Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) [each 3 fen], Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus, dried), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) [each 1 liang].
Grind the above ingredients into a fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with rice water. Administer at any time.
For Thirst, use Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder): Treats Huoluan with vomiting and diarrhea, irritability, and intense thirst requiring drinking.
Ingredients: Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma) [5 liang], Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Zhuling (Polyporus) [each 3 liang], Rougui (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Chifuling (Poria Cocos with Red Bark) [each 3 liang].
Grind the above ingredients into a fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with hot water. Administer at any time. After taking the medicine, drink plenty of hot water; recovery occurs when sweating appears.
Shenling Baizhu San (Ginseng, Poria, and Atractylodes Powder): Treats disharmony of Stomach Qi, where irritability and thirst persist after vomiting and diarrhea have ceased.
Ingredients: Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Praeparatum) [2 liang], Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix), Baifuling (Poria Cocos) [each 1 liang], Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) [1 fen], Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle, honey-fried) [1 fen], Huoxiangye (Agastaches Herba).
Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 2 qian per dose, with 1.5 cups of water. Decoct until reduced to 70% volume, strain, and take warm. Administer at any time.
Xiangru Yin (Elsholtzia Drink): Treats interference between Clear and Turbid Qi, Huoluan with vomiting and diarrhea.
Ingredients: Xiangru (Elsholtziae Herba) [1.5 liang], Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) [each 2 liang].
Prepare as an infusion. Take 3 qian per dose, with 1.5 cups of water. Decoct until reduced to 70% volume, strain. Take frequently in small sips, served very cold using freshly drawn well water. Cold medicine acts more rapidly.