《经》曰∶思想无穷，所愿不得，意淫于外，入房太甚，发为白淫。白淫者，白物淫衍如精状。男子因溲而下，女
子阴中绵绵下也，本出于带脉。带者，奇经八脉之一也，腰脐间回身一周如束带焉。八脉俱属肾经，人身带脉统摄一身
无形之水，下焦肾气虚损，带脉漏下，白为气虚，赤为有火。治法但以补肾为主，白者多，赤者少。若脾虚者，六君子
加升麻；气虚者，补中汤；肝虚者，逍遥散兼六味丸。
带下，任脉之病也。《经》云∶任脉者，起于中极之下，以上毛际，循腹里上关元至咽喉，上顺循面。任脉自胞上过
带脉，贯脐上，其病所发正在过带脉之分淋漓，故曰带。男子遗精白浊，女子赤下白淫，皆因喜怒忧思、产育房劳伤其
荣卫，或素有湿热浊气渗入膀胱，故秽白之物如涕而下流不止，面色无光，腰腿酸痛，精神短少。世徒知下焦之虚寒，
不知中焦之湿热，反用燥热温补之剂偏助阳火，阳火既盛，阴血渐烁，譬如猪膏烹之则融，冷则凝。中焦湿热，淫气不
清，则为白带。所以火升水降则上热下寒，下焦虚冷，凝结浊物。若热气熏蒸，则为腥腐之气，安得独言虚寒乎。法当
清上实下，清浊自分，理脾养血，湿热自解，再为温补下元，使水升火降而带自除。故丹溪曰∶气属血，白属气、属痰，
俱是胃中痰积下流渗入膀胱，宜用升举。肥人多属湿痰，瘦人带病少，如有者亦属热痰，宜用星、半、苍术、海石、炒
黄柏、青黛、川芎、椿树皮之属。
妇人多忧思郁怒，损伤心脾，肝火时发，血不归经，所以多患赤白带也。白带多是脾虚，盖肝气郁则脾受
伤，脾伤则湿土之气下陷，是脾精不守，不能输为荣血，而下白滑之物矣，皆由风木郁于地中使然耳。法当开
提肝气，补助脾元，以补中益气汤加枣仁、茯苓、山药、黄柏、苍术、麦冬之类，浓煎，不时饮之，再用六味
地黄加牡蛎粉、海螵蛸、杜仲、牛膝，蜜丸如豆，空心吞下五六钱。白带本属气虚，补气健脾兼以升举，若如
浓泔而臭秽特甚者，湿热甚也，宜苍术、白术、黄柏、茯苓、椿树皮之类，佐以升提。若如鸡子清者，脾肾虚
极也，面色必不华，足胫必浮，腰腿必酸，宜五味子、八味丸，间用开脾养心之剂，如归脾汤之类。阴虚有火，
宜八味丸中加五味子、菟丝子、车前、黄柏。叔和云∶崩中日久为白带，漏下多时骨水枯。盖言崩久气血虚脱，
虽有寒热之分，俱是气血流淫为病，总归属于虚处也。
妇女下赤白而不甚稠者曰白淫，与男子白浊同系于肾火。如龙雷之搅而不澄清也，属足少阴、足太阴，治
当清补为主。如有滑白稠粘者，谓之带下，属心包手厥阴少阳，即如男子自遗之精，甚如砂石之淋。源乎心包，
系乎脊，络于带脉，通于任脉，下抵涌泉，上至泥丸，治宜血肉之剂以培之。时人泥于常套，作流痰治，以牡
蛎、龙骨、地榆、胶艾之类治之，和以四物，加以升提，殊不知根本损伤，以致腐败，而来涩彼塞滞不清之物，则益加
其滞，升提不正之气，则愈增其郁。惟以六龙固本丸、十六味保元汤主之。十六味保元汤治赤白带下。骨碎、贯众去毛
三钱，杜仲、小茴香盐酒炒一钱五分，人参二钱，黄 一钱，巴戟二钱，当归一钱，石斛七分，升麻七分，山药一钱，
生草六分，独活一钱，茯苓七分，莲子一钱，黄柏八分，圆肉三枚。六龙固本丸，山药四两，巴戟肉四两，山奈四两，
川楝子二两，小茴香一两，补骨脂二两，青盐三钱，人参二两，莲肉二两，黄 二两，川芎一两，木瓜一两。
带脉总束诸脉使不妄行，如人束带而前重也。妇人赤白带下之症，多是怒气伤肝，肝郁乘脾，则脾受伤而有湿，湿
而生热，热则流通，所以滑浊之物渗入膀胱而出也。古人作湿寒，而用辛温治之者非，丹溪作湿热，而用苦寒之药，是
正治之法也，用辛温之药是从治之法也。盖湿热怫郁于内，肚腹疼痛，赤白带下，非辛温之药从治，而能开散之乎。若
在湿热尚未怫郁，但只赤白带下而无腹痛之症者，不若暂用苦寒之药治之为当也。
一方
治妇人有孕白带。
黄芩（炒） 苍术（各三钱） 黄连（炒） 白芷（各二钱） 白芍（二钱五分） 椿根皮（炒） 黄柏（炒，各
一钱五分） 山茱萸（二钱五分）
为末糊丸，空心温酒下五十丸。
白带神方
用牡蛎（青色无沙眼者为雄者佳） 炭火 红，在地上冷定再 ，如法七次，研制空心，用腐浆调下二钱，一二服
便愈。
一方
治赤白带湿胜而下者。
滑石（炒） 苍术（盐炒） 白芍（各一两） 枳壳（炒） 甘草（各三钱） 地榆（五钱） 干姜（炮，二钱） 椿
根皮（炒，一两）
为末粥丸，空心米饮下百方。
当归煎
治赤白带下，腹内疼痛，不欲饮食，日渐羸瘦。
当归（去芦酒浸） 赤芍药 牡蛎（火 取粉） 熟地（酒浸，蒸焙） 白芍药 续断（酒浸） 阿胶（各一两
）地榆（五钱）
为末醋糊丸，桐子大，每服五十丸，空心米饮下。
威喜丸
治白带、白淫、白浊，便如米泔。
黄蜡（四两） 白茯苓（去皮切块四两，用猪苓一两同煮三十余沸，取出日晒，不用猪苓）
以茯苓末，熔黄蜡丸如弹子大，每服一丸，空心细嚼，津液咽下，以小便清为度，忌米醋，只吃糠醋。
大效拱辰丸
治妇人血海虚冷，白带时下，脐腹刺痛，久服令人延年，精神充实，子嗣多育。
琥珀（二钱） 当归（二两） 沉香（五钱） 木香（不见火，三钱） 官桂（不见火，五钱） 人参 黄 鹿
茸（酥炙） 酸枣仁 鹿角霜 延胡索 柏子仁（各一两） 乳香 没药 干姜（各五钱）
为末蜜丸，如龙眼大，每服一丸，空心温酒化下。
人参黄 散
治久患白带，瘦细无力，腰腹腿痛，饮食无味，面黄浮肿、小水淋漓，气虚血少。
当归身 茯苓（各一钱） 芍药（炒） 真地骨皮 白术（八分） 川芎 人参（各八分） 车前子（五分） 黄
（一钱） 炙甘草（五分） 熟地（一钱五分） 鹿角胶（如气虚者入五茶匙）
水一钟，枣二枚煎服。
As stated in the *Classic of Internal Medicine* (Huangdi Neijing): "Endless thoughts, unfulfilled desires, mental wandering outside, and excessive sexual intercourse lead to 'Baiyin' (White Sperm/Leukorrhea)." Baiyin refers to white discharge overflowing profusely, resembling semen. In men, it flows out during urination; in women, it flows continuously from the vagina. Its origin lies in the Dai Mai (Girdle Vessel). The Dai Mai is one of the eight extraordinary vessels, encircling the waist and umbilicus like a belt. All eight extraordinary vessels belong to the Kidney Meridian. The Dai Mai governs the invisible fluids of the body. When the Qi of the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner) is deficient and damaged, the Dai Mai leaks, causing discharge. White indicates Qi deficiency, while red indicates Fire. The treatment method should primarily focus on tonifying the Kidneys. If there is more white discharge and less red, for cases of Spleen deficiency, use Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) with Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma); for Qi deficiency, use Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction); for Liver deficiency, use Xiao Yao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) combined with Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia).
Leukorrhea is a disease of the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel). The *Classic* states: "The Ren Mai originates below Zhongji (CV5), ascends above the pubic hair, follows the interior of the abdomen to Guanyuan (CV4) up to the throat, and then ascends along the face." The Ren Mai passes over the Dai Mai from the Chong Bao (Uterus), piercing through the umbilicus upwards. Its pathology manifests precisely where it crosses the Dai Mai, with dripping discharge, hence the name "Dai" (Belt). Male seminal emission and turbid urine, female red leukorrhea and white sperm, are all caused by joy, anger, sorrow, or thought, as well as childbirth and sexual fatigue damaging the Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi, or pre-existing damp-heat and turbid qi seeping into the Bladder. This results in foul-smelling white substances flowing down incessantly like phlegm, with a lusterless complexion, soreness and pain in the lower back and legs, and diminished spirit. People only know about the deficiency-cold of the Lower Jiao but ignore the damp-heat of the Middle Jiao. Instead, they use drying, hot, and warming tonics that improperly assist Yang Fire. Once Yang Fire is excessive, Yin Blood is gradually scorched, just as pig fat melts when heated and solidifies when cold. Damp-heat in the Middle Jiao, with unclear pathogenic Qi, leads to white leukorrhea. Therefore, if Fire rises and Water descends, it causes upper heat and lower cold, with the Lower Jiao being deficient and cold, condensing turbid matter. If heat steams and steeps, it produces a fishy, putrid odor; how can one speak solely of deficiency-cold? The method should be to clear the Upper and solidify the Lower, allowing clarity and turbidity to separate naturally. Regulate the Spleen and nourish Blood, and damp-heat will resolve. Then, warm-tonify the Lower Yuan, so that Water rises and Fire descends, and leukorrhea will naturally cease. Thus, Zhu Danxi said: "Qi belongs to Blood; white discharge belongs to Qi and Phlegm. It is all phlegm accumulation in the Stomach flowing downward and seeping into the Bladder, suitable for lifting methods." Obese people mostly have damp-phlegm; thin people rarely suffer from leukorrhea, and if they do, it is due to heat-phlegm. Suitable herbs include Nan Xing (Arisaematis Rhizoma), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Hai Shi (Pumex), Chao Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex processed with heat), Qing Dai (Indigo Naturalis), Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Chun Pi (Toosendanii Cortex), etc.
Women often suffer from worry, thought, depression, and anger, damaging the Heart and Spleen. Liver Fire flares up frequently, causing blood to leave its vessels, leading to frequent red and white leukorrhea. White leukorrhea is mostly due to Spleen deficiency. When Liver Qi stagnates, the Spleen is injured; when the Spleen is injured, the Qi of Wet Earth sinks downward. Consequently, Spleen Essence cannot hold fast, nor can it transform into Nutritive Blood, instead descending as slippery white matter. This is all caused by Wind-Wood Qi stagnating within the Earth (Spleen). The treatment should lift Liver Qi and assist the Spleen's source, using Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang with Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosomi Semen), Fu Ling (Poria), Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex), Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), and Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix), decocted strongly and drunk frequently. Additionally, use Liu Wei Di Huang Wan with Mu Li (Ostreae Concha), Hai Piao Xiao (Sepiae Endoconcha), Du Zhong (Eucommiae Cortex), and Niu Xi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix), made into honey pills the size of beans, taken orally on an empty stomach (5-6 qian). Leukorrhea originally belongs to Qi deficiency; tonify Qi and strengthen the Spleen with lifting agents. If it resembles thick rice water and has a particularly foul odor, it indicates severe damp-heat. Use Cang Zhu, Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Huang Bo, Fu Ling, and Chun Pi, assisted by lifting herbs. If it resembles egg white, it indicates extreme Spleen and Kidney deficiency. The complexion will likely be dull, calves swollen, and lower back and legs sore. Use Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus) and Ba Wei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia), alternating with formulas that open the Spleen and nourish the Heart, such as Gui Pi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction). For Yin deficiency with Fire, add Wu Wei Zi, Tu Si Zi (Cuscutae Semen), Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen), and Huang Bo to Ba Wei Wan. He Suhe said: "Leukorrhea develops after prolonged metrorrhagia; prolonged flooding dries up the bone-water." This means that prolonged bleeding leads to Qi and Blood exhaustion. Although there are distinctions between cold and heat, they are all diseases of Qi and Blood flowing excessively, ultimately belonging to deficiency.
Red and white leukorrhea in women that is not very thick is called Baiyin, associated with Kidney Fire in men with turbid urine. It is like Dragon and Thunder fire churning without clarification, belonging to the Foot Shaoyin (Kidney) and Foot Taiyin (Spleen) meridians. Treatment should focus on clearing and tonifying. If there is slippery, white, thick, and sticky discharge, it is called leukorrhea, belonging to the Pericardium Hand-Jueyin and Shaoyang meridians, similar to spontaneous seminal emission in men, or even gravel-like strangury. The source is the Pericardium, connected to the spine, linked to the Dai Mai, communicating with the Ren Mai, reaching down to Yongquan (KI1), and up to Niwan Palace (the head). Treatment should use animal-derived substances (blood-flesh agents) to cultivate and tonify. Contemporary practitioners, stuck in routine patterns, treat it as flowing phlegm, using Mu Li, Long Gu (Mammi Ossis), Di Yu (Sanguisorbae Radix), Jiao Ai (Colla Corii Asini), combined with Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction), plus lifting agents. They fail to realize that the root is damaged, leading to corruption. Using astringent and blocking substances to clear blockage only increases stagnation; lifting incorrect Qi only increases depression. Only Liu Long Gu Ben Wan (Six Dragons Root-Firming Pill) and Shi Liu Wei Bao Yuan Tang (Sixteen-Ingredient Source-Supporting Decoction) should be used. Shi Liu Wei Bao Yuan Tang treats red and white leukorrhea: Gu Sui Bu (Drynariae Rhizoma), Guan Zhong (Cyati Rhizoma, de-haired) each 3 qian; Du Zhong (Eucommiae Cortex), Xiao Hui Xiang (Foeniculi Fructus salted and wine-fried) 1.5 qian; Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) 2 qian; Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) 1 qian; Ba Ji Tian (Morindae Officinalis Radix) 2 qian; Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 1 qian; Shi Hu (Dendrobii Caulis) 0.7 qian; Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) 0.7 qian; Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma) 1 qian; Sheng Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Recens) 0.6 qian; Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) 1 qian; Fu Ling (Poria) 0.7 qian; Lian Zi (Nelumbinis Semen) 1 qian; Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex) 0.8 qian; Yuan Rou (Longan Arillus) 3 pieces. Liu Long Gu Ben Wan: Shan Yao 4 liang; Ba Ji Rou (Morindae Officinalis Radix flesh) 4 liang; Shan Nai (Kaempferiae Galangal Rhizome) 4 liang; Chuan Lian Zi (Toosendan Fructus) 2 liang; Xiao Hui Xiang 1 liang; Bu Gu Zhi (Psoraleae Fructus) 2 liang; Qing Yan (Natrii Chloridum) 3 qian; Ren Shen 2 liang; Lian Rou (Nelumbinis Semen flesh) 2 liang; Huang Qi 2 liang; Chuan Xiong 1 liang; Mu Gua (Chaenomelis Fructus) 1 liang.
The Dai Mai binds all meridians to prevent erratic flow, much like a person carrying a heavy belt forward. Women's red and white leukorrhea is mostly caused by anger injuring the Liver. Liver stagnation attacks the Spleen, injuring the Spleen and generating dampness. Dampness generates heat, heat promotes flow, so slippery turbid matter seeps into the Bladder and exits. Ancients considered it damp-cold and treated it with acrid-warm herbs, which was incorrect. Zhu Danxi considered it damp-heat and treated it with bitter-cold herbs, which is the direct treatment method; using acrid-warm herbs is the contrary treatment method. Because damp-heat is constrained internally, causing abdominal pain and red/white leukorrhea, without acrid-warm herbs for contrary treatment, how can it be dispersed? If damp-heat has not yet constrained, and there is only red/white leukorrhea without abdominal pain, it is better to temporarily use bitter-cold herbs for appropriate treatment.
One Prescription
Treats leukorrhea in pregnant women.
Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, fried), Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) each 3 qian; Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, fried), Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) each 2 qian; Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) 2.5 qian; Chun Gen Pi (Toosendanii Cortex, fried), Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex, fried) each 1.5 qian; Shan Zhu Yu (Corni Fructus) 2.5 qian.
Grind into powder, make into pills with paste, take 50 pills orally with warm wine on an empty stomach.
Divine Formula for White Leukorrhea
Use Mu Li (Ostreae Concha) (green color without sand holes is male and best). Calcine red in charcoal fire, let cool on the ground, then calcine again. Repeat this process seven times according to the method. Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian mixed with fermented grain liquid on an empty stomach. One or two doses will cure it.
One Prescription
Treats red and white leukorrhea caused by excess dampness.
Hua Shi (Talcum, fried), Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, salt-fried), Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) each 1 liang; Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus, fried), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) each 3 qian; Di Yu (Sanguisorbae Radix) 5 qian; Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed) 2 qian; Chun Gen Pi (Toosendanii Cortex, fried) 1 liang.
Grind into powder, make into pills with congee. Take 100 pills orally with rice water on an empty stomach.
Dang Gui Decoction
Treats red and white leukorrhea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and gradual emaciation.
Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, remove radicle, soak in wine), Chi Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Mu Li (Ostreae Concha, calcined to obtain powder), Shu Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, soaked in wine, steamed and dried), Bai Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Xu Duan (Dipsaci Radix, soaked in wine), E Jiao (Colla Corii Asini) each 1 liang; Di Yu (Sanguisorbae Radix) 5 qian.
Grind into powder, make into pills with vinegar paste, size of paulownia seeds. Take 50 pills per dose, orally with rice water on an empty stomach.
Wei Xi Pill
Treats white leukorrhea, white sperm, white turbidity, and urine resembling rice washings.
Huang La (Beeswax) 4 liang; Bai Fu Ling (Poria, peeled and cut into blocks 4 liang, boiled together with Zhu Ling (Polypori Umbellati mycelium) 1 liang for over thirty boils, then removed and sun-dried; discard Zhu Ling).
Grind Fu Ling into powder, melt Huang La, and make pills the size of quail eggs. Take one pill per dose, chew finely on an empty stomach, and swallow with saliva. Stop when urine becomes clear. Avoid rice vinegar; only consume bran vinegar.
Da Xiao Gong Chen Pill
Treats deficiency-cold of the Blood Sea in women, intermittent white leukorrhea, stabbing pain in the navel and abdomen. Long-term use prolongs life, enriches spirit, and promotes fertility.
Hu Po (Amber) 2 qian; Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 2 liang; Chen Xiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum) 5 qian; Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix, not exposed to fire) 3 qian; Guan Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex, not exposed to fire) 5 qian; Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Huang Qi (Astragali Radix), Lu Rong (Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum, roasted with butter), Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosomi Semen), Lu Jiao Shuang (Cervi Cornus Degelatinatum), Yan Hu Suo (Corydalis Rhizoma), Bai Zi Ren (Platycladi Semen) each 1 liang; Ru Xiang (Olibanum), Mo Yao (Myrrha), Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) each 5 qian.
Grind into powder, make into honey pills the size of longan fruits. Take one pill per dose, dissolve orally with warm wine on an empty stomach.
Ren Shen Huang Qi San
Treats chronic leukorrhea, thinness and weakness, pain in the lower back, abdomen, and legs, tastelessness in food, sallow and edematous face, dribbling urine, Qi deficiency and Blood insufficiency.
Dang Gui Shen (Angelicae Sinensis Radix tip), Fu Ling (Poria) each 1 qian; Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix, fried), Zhen Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) 0.8 qian; Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) each 0.8 qian; Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen) 0.5 qian; Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) 1 qian; Zhi Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma preparata) 0.5 qian; Shu Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata) 1.5 qian; Lu Jiao Jiao (Colla Cornus Cervi) (add five tea spoons if Qi deficient).
Decoct with one zhong of water and two jujubes. Drink.