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Various diseases in women are essentially no different from those in men; the differences lie solely in menstruation, pregnancy, and childbirth. Therefore, this section lists only these nine categories: Menstrual Disorders (Jingmai Lei), Pregnancy (Taiyun Lei), Childbirth (Chanyu Lei), Postpartum Conditions (Chanhou Lei), Leukorrhea and Turbid Discharge (Daizhuo Lei), Breast Diseases (Rubing Lei), Infertility (Zisi Lei), Masses/Fixed Lumps (Jia Lei), and External Genital Disorders (Qianyin Lei). These nine conditions are the most pertinent to women, necessitating detailed discussion of formulas and theories. Other miscellaneous conditions that are identical to those in men have their respective treatment methods in other sections; thus, they are not distinguished by gender nor elaborated upon here.

As the proverb goes, "It is better to treat ten men than one woman." This implies that women's diseases are difficult to treat. Why? It is not that women's diseases are fundamentally different from men's; rather, it is women's emotional constitution that differs. Women often live in seclusion and harbor much depression, with their feelings frequently unexpressed. Their nature tends to be stubborn and inflexible, making them hard to reason with. Furthermore, driven by affection, love, hatred, jealousy, worry, and anger, they often fail to understand the principles of fate and destiny, leading to frequent resentment and sorrow. Some cannot fulfill their aspirations; some suffer from ailments too private to disclose; some trust in shamans and witches; some fear taking medicine. Consequently, their illnesses become entrenched and deeply rooted, making treatment difficult. This is due to the influence of their emotions. However, there are also difficulties arising from social circumstances. For instance, Kou Zongshi quoted the Yellow Emperor: "In treating diseases, one must observe the patient's form, qi, complexion, and luster. If form and qi are harmonious, it is treatable; if the complexion is bright and floating, recovery will be easy; if form and qi are discordant, and the complexion is dull and dry, it is difficult to treat." He also stated, "The way to diagnose disease involves observing a person's courage or timidity, bones and muscles, and skin, to determine deficiency or excess, which serves as the diagnostic method." Thus, it is said that the ultimate principle of treatment lies not neglecting observation of color and pulse diagnosis; this is the great rule of therapy. Nowadays, people of wealth reside in deep chambers, behind curtains, and often cover their wrists with silk handkerchiefs. This prevents the physician from performing the divine art of observing complexion and fully utilizing the skill of pulse palpation. If the pulse findings seem inconsistent, the physician must ask more questions. Excessive questioning may be perceived as tedious, leading patients to doubt the physician's proficiency and even refuse medication. Yet, effective inquiry is not easy; only a skilled physician can ask the right questions. If one were to remove three of the four diagnostic methods—Inspection (Wang), Auscultation and Olfaction (Wen), Inquiry (Wen), and Palpation (Qie)—I fear even a divine healer would lose their efficacy. Such widespread practices constitute a common societal flaw and explain why women's diseases are difficult to treat. Therefore, both physicians and patients' families should pay close attention to this matter.