崩漏不止，经乱之甚者也。盖乱则或前或后，漏则不时妄行。由漏而淋，由淋而崩，总因血病，而但以其
微甚耳。《阴阳别论》曰∶“阴虚阳搏谓之崩。”《百病始生篇》曰∶“阳络伤则血外溢，阴络伤则血内
溢。”故凡阳搏必属阴虚，络伤必致血溢。知斯二者，而崩淋之义及治疗之法，思过半矣。惟是阴虚之说，
则但伤营气，无匪阴虚，而五脏之阴，皆能受病，故神伤则血无所主，病在心也；气伤则血无所从，病在肺
也；意伤则不能统血、摄血，病在脾也；魂伤则不能蓄血、藏血，病在肝也；志伤则不能固闭真阴，病在肾
也。所以五脏皆有阴虚，五脏皆有阳搏。故病阴虚者，单以脏气受伤，血因之而失守也。病阳搏者，兼以火居
阴分，血得热而妄行也。凡治此之法，宜审脏气，宜察阴阳。无火者求其脏而培之、补之；有火者察其经而
清之、养之。此不易之良法也。然有火者不得不清，但元气既虚，极多假热，设或不明真假，而误用寒凉，
必复伤脾胃，生气日见殆矣。先贤有云∶凡下血证，须用四君子辈以收功。又云∶若大吐血后，毋以脉诊，
当急用独参汤救
之。厥旨深矣，故凡见血脱等证，必当用甘药，先补脾胃以益生发之气。盖甘能生血，甘能养营。但使脾胃气
强，则阳生阴长，而血自归经矣。故曰∶脾统血。
Unceasing metrorrhagia and metrostaxis represent the most severe form of menstrual irregularity. "Irregularity" refers to menstruation occurring either earlier or later than expected, while "metrostaxis" refers to intermittent, erratic bleeding outside of the normal menstrual period. The condition may progress from metrostaxis to dripping (Lín, 淋), and from dripping to sudden, heavy bleeding (Bēng, 崩). Fundamentally, these are all disorders of the blood, differing only in their severity. The *Suwen: Yin Yang Bie Lun* states: "Yin deficiency with vigorous Yang pulse is termed Bēng." The *Suwen: Bai Bing Shi Sheng Pian* states: "Damage to Yang collaterals leads to external hemorrhage; damage to Yin collaterals leads to internal hemorrhage." Therefore, a vigorous Yang pulse invariably indicates Yin deficiency, and collateral damage inevitably results in hemorrhage. Understanding these two principles allows one to grasp more than half of the meaning and treatment methods for Bēng and Lín.
Regarding the concept of Yin deficiency, any injury to Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) constitutes Yin deficiency. Moreover, the Yin of all five Zang organs can be affected. Thus, if the Shen (Spirit) is injured, blood loses its master, indicating pathology in the Heart; if Lung Qi is injured, blood loses its source, indicating pathology in the Lung; if Spleen Yi (Intellect/Thought) is injured, it fails to control and secure blood, indicating pathology in the Spleen; if Liver Hun (Ethereal Soul) is injured, it fails to store and house blood, indicating pathology in the Liver; if Kidney Zhi (Willpower) is injured, it fails to consolidate True Yin, indicating pathology in the Kidney. Consequently, Yin deficiency and vigorous Yang pulses can occur in any of the five Zang organs.
Therefore, cases of Yin deficiency arise because Zang Qi is injured, causing blood to lose its containment. Cases of vigorous Yang pulse involve not only Yin deficiency but also Fire residing in the Yin division, where heat causes blood to move recklessly. In treating such conditions, one must examine the state of the Zang Qi and distinguish between Yin and Yang. If there is no Fire, one should identify the injured Zang organ and tonify and supplement it. If there is Fire, one should identify the affected meridian and clear and nourish it. This is an unchangeable and effective method.
However, although clearing Fire is necessary when it is present, when Yuan Qi (Original Qi) is already deficient, many false-heat symptoms often appear. If one fails to distinguish between true and false heat and mistakenly uses cold-cooling herbs, it will further damage the Spleen and Stomach, causing vital energy to become increasingly precarious. Ancient sages stated: "For all lower-jiao hemorrhagic syndromes, one must use formulas like Sì Jūn Zǐ Tāng (Four Gentlemen Decoction) to achieve success." They also said: "After massive hematemesis, do not rely solely on pulse diagnosis; instead, urgently administer Dú Shēn Tāng (Single Ginseng Decoction) for rescue." These principles are profound. Therefore, whenever signs of blood depletion are observed, sweet-natured medicines must be used to first tonify the Spleen and Stomach to promote the generation of ascending Qi. Sweet flavors generate blood and nourish Ying Qi. As long as Spleen and Stomach Qi is strong, Yang generates and Yin grows, allowing blood to return to its vessels naturally. Hence it is said: "The Spleen controls the blood."