小儿气血怯嫩。脏腑软弱。因触冒风寒。饮食冷热。以邪干正。致脾胃不和。凝滞停积。蕴毒结作。或水
谷不聚。或脓血纯杂。变而为痢。其候有八。一曰水谷痢。谓便下粪稀。薄而不聚。快痢出易。水谷不化也。然
虽是泻便时。亦觉里急后重。故为痢也。二曰冷痢。调便下纯白脓也。三曰热痢。谓便下纯赤血也。四曰滞痢。
谓便下脓血相杂也。五曰积痢。谓有积伤为痢，浸久或瘥而复发也。六曰疳痢。谓患疳瘠而下痢也。七曰蛊痢。
谓如蛊毒。下紫黑血。或如赤豆汁。或如鸡鸭肝片也。八曰休惜痢。谓下血黑黯中有白物。如肠中之脂。或如烂
鱼肠之状。此肠胃溃伤。患者更休爱惜。故以名之。亦名休息者。谓患即无休息而至死也。凡痢若粥药不能进
者，此便为死候也。治水谷痢方。已具前泻项之下。
玉肠散
治冷痢。初即大便青色。后乃作脓。
白石脂 当归（洗焙） 丁香 白术（各一两） 草豆蔻（去皮） 浓朴（姜制各半两）
上细末。每服半钱。粥饮调下。无时。
浓朴丸
治藏寒泄泻。下痢纯白。腹中绞痛。虚气胀满。手足逆冷。
浓朴（姜制各半两） 诃子（半两炮去核） 白龙骨（半两） 白矾（半两）
上用一器盛之。盐泥固济。留一窍子。木炭火 。烟息为度。取出为末。面糊和丸黍米大。每服十丸。米饮
下。食前。
乌骨散
主治如前。乌鱼骨去皮。研细末。每服半钱。米饮调服。或炙黄用之。亦治妇人漏血。
蓝汁
主治如前。以蓝青取叶。捣令极烂。绞取汁略温。每服半合。
或一合。无时。
马齿汁
主治如前。杵生马齿菜绞汁略温。每服一合。入蜜一匙头许调匀。空心服。
石莲散
主治如前。以石莲不拘多少。去皮。用沙糖炒过为细末。每服一钱，米饮调下。乳食前。屡验。
胡黄连丸
治血痢下多。久而不瘥。或作脏毒下血。带青黄色。
胡黄连（炒） 芜荑（拣净炒） 夜明砂（各一分）
上末。猪胆汁和丸黍米大。每服十丸。陈米饮下。无时。
The qi and blood of infants are timid and tender, and the zang-fu organs are weak. Due to exposure to wind-cold and irregular intake of hot or cold food and drink, pathogenic factors interfere with healthy qi, leading to disharmony of the spleen and stomach. Qi stagnation and accumulation occur, toxin accumulates and manifests as dysentery. This may present as failure of water and grain to consolidate, or a mixture of pus and blood, transforming into dysentery. There are eight types of presentations:
1. Water-Grain Dysentery (Shui Gu Li): Stools are loose and unformed, discharging easily without obstruction, characterized by undigested food and water. Although it resembles diarrhea, there is also a sensation of tenesmus (li ji hou zhong), hence it is termed dysentery.
2. Cold Dysentery (Leng Li): Stools consist purely of white pus.
3. Heat Dysentery (Re Li): Stools consist purely of red blood.
4. Stagnant Dysentery (Zhi Li): Stools contain a mixture of pus and blood.
5. Accumulation Dysentery (Ji Li): Caused by food accumulation injury; even if healed after a long duration, it tends to recur.
6. Gan Dysentery (Gan Li): Occurs in patients suffering from Gan syndrome (malnutrition/parasitic disease) accompanied by dysentery.
7. Gu Dysentery (Gu Li): Resembles Gu poison; stools contain dark purple-black blood, resembling red bean juice, or pieces resembling chicken or duck liver.
8. Resting Dysentery (Xiu Xi Li): Stools contain dark black blood mixed with white substances resembling intestinal mucosa or rotten fish intestines. This indicates ulceration and injury of the intestines and stomach. It is named "Resting" because the patient requires rest and care, or alternatively, because the illness has no respite until death. If a patient with dysentery cannot retain even gruel or medicine, this is a sign of impending death. The formula for treating Water-Grain Dysentery is provided under the section on Diarrhea.
Yuchang San (Jade Intestine Powder)
Treats Cold Dysentery. Initially, stools are greenish, later turning into pus.
Bai Shi Zhi (Halloysitum Rubrum), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, washed and dried), Ding Xiang (Caryophylli Flos), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, each 1 liang), Cao Dou Kou (Cardamomi Fructus, peeled), Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, processed with ginger, each 0.5 liang).
Grind all ingredients into fine powder. Take 0.5 qian per dose, mixed with rice gruel water. Administer at any time.
Houpo Wan (Magnolia Pill)
Treats visceral cold causing diarrhea. Presents with pure white dysenteric stools, colicky abdominal pain, distension due to deficient qi, and cold extremities.
Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, processed with ginger, each 0.5 liang), He Zi (Terminalia Chebulae Fructus, 0.5 liang, roasted and pitted), Bai Long Gu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi, 0.5 liang), Bai Fan (Alumen, 0.5 liang).
Place ingredients in a vessel, seal tightly with salt mud, leaving one small aperture. Roast over charcoal fire until smoke ceases. Remove, grind into powder, and mix with wheat paste to form pills the size of millet seeds. Take 10 pills per dose with rice water before meals.
Wugu San (Black Bone Powder)
Indications same as above. Use Wuyu Gu (Ossis Sepiae, cuttlefish bone), remove skin, grind into fine powder. Take 0.5 qian per dose with rice water. Can also be used after roasting. Also treats uterine bleeding in women.
Lan Zhi (Isatis Juice)
Indications same as above. Take leaves of Lan Qing (Isatidis Folium), pound until extremely soft, squeeze out the juice, warm slightly. Take 0.5 he or 1 he per dose at any time.
Machi Zhi (Purslane Juice)
Indications same as above. Pound fresh Machi Cai (Portulacae Herba), squeeze out juice, warm slightly. Take 1 he per dose, mix with approximately one spoonful of honey, take on an empty stomach.
Shilian San (Stone Lotus Powder)
Indications same as above. Use Shilian (Nelumbinis Semen), quantity unspecified, remove skin, stir-fry with rock sugar, grind into fine powder. Take 1 qian per dose with rice water before milk or food. Proven effective.
Huhuanglian Wan (Coptis Pill)
Treats bloody dysentery with excessive discharge that persists despite prolonged treatment, or transforms into Zang Du (visceral toxin) with bloody discharge containing greenish-yellow hues.
Hu Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, roasted), Wu Yi (Chukrasiae Velutinae Semen, cleaned and roasted), Ye Ming Sha (Feces Phyllostomidae, each 1 fen).
Grind into powder, mix with pig bile to form pills the size of millet seeds. Take 10 pills per dose with aged rice water at any time.