《千金》相小儿寿命长短法∶
儿生枕骨不成者，能言而死。尻骨不成者，能倨而死。（《千金翼》以尻骨为膝骨。）掌骨不成者，能扶伏而死。踵骨
不成者，能行而死。髌骨不成者，能立而死。生身不收者，死。鱼口者，死。股间无生肉者，死。颐下破者，
死。阴不起者，死。囊下白者，死。赤者，死。
相法甚博，略述十数条而已。
儿初生额上有旋毛者，早贵妨父母。儿初生阴大而与身色同者，成人。儿初生叫声连延相属者，寿；声绝
而复扬急者，不寿。儿初生汗血者，多危不寿。儿初生目视不正数动者，大非佳人。儿初生自开目者，不成人。
儿初生通身软弱如无骨者，不成人。儿初生发稀少者，强不听人。（《圣惠》云不听。）儿初生脐
小者，不寿。儿初生早
坐、早行、早语、早齿，生皆恶性，非佳人。儿初生头四破者，不成人。儿初生头毛不周匝者，不成人。啼声
散，不成人。啼声深，不成人。汗不流，不成人。小便凝如脂膏，不成人。常摇手足者，不成人。
无此状候者，皆成人也。
儿初生脐中无血者，好。卯下缝通达而黑者，寿；鲜白长大者，寿。
论曰∶儿三岁以上，十岁以下，观其性气高下，即可知其夭寿。大略儿小时识悟通敏过人者多夭，则项托、
颜面之流是也。小儿骨法成就威仪，回转迟舒，稍费人精神雕琢者，寿。其预知人意，回旋敏速者亦夭，则杨
修、孔融之流是也。由此观之，夭寿大略可知也。亦犹梅花早发，不睹岁寒；甘菊晚荣，终于年事。是知晚成
者，寿之兆也。（《千金翼》相小儿寿命并同。）
《联珠论》云∶凡小儿未满岁以前，五不成医。
掌骨不成而不能匍匐，必死。枕骨不成而不能言语，必死。膝骨不成而不能移步，必死。胯骨不成而不能
动坐，必死。尻骨不成而不能行立，必死。
上以上不足之疾，并是父母已过之疾也。
The method for observing the longevity of infants in *Qianjin Fang*:
If the occipital bone (bone at the back of the head) is undeveloped at birth, the child will die after being able to speak. If the sacral/coccygeal region (area of the tailbone and sacrum) is undeveloped, the child will die after being able to squat. (*Qianjin Yifang* considers the sacral/coccygeal region to refer to the knee bone). If the metacarpal bones are undeveloped, the child will die after being able to crawl. If the calcaneus (heel bone) is undeveloped, the child will die after being able to walk. If the patella (kneecap) is undeveloped, the child will die after being able to stand. If the body shape cannot converge normally after birth, death ensues. Fish-mouth anus (anus everted like a fish mouth), death ensues. Lack of flesh between the thighs, death ensues. Ulceration below the chin, death ensues. Inability of the genitalia to erect, death ensues. Whiteness on the lower part of the scrotum, death ensues. Redness, death ensues.
The methods of physiognomy are very extensive; here only a dozen or so items are briefly described.
If an infant has a whorl of hair on the forehead at birth, it indicates early nobility but harm to the parents. If the genitalia are large and the same color as the body skin at birth, the child will reach adulthood. If the crying sound is continuous and unbroken at birth, it indicates longevity; if the voice stops and then rises suddenly and urgently, it indicates short life. If the infant sweats blood at birth, they are mostly in danger and have a short life. If the infant’s eyes look abnormally and blink frequently at birth, they are not a person of good constitution. If the infant opens their eyes by themselves at birth, they will not reach adulthood. If the infant is whole-body soft as if having no bones at birth, they will not reach adulthood. If the infant has sparse hair at birth, they are stubborn and disobedient. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang* says "disobedient"). If the umbilical opening is small at birth, it indicates short life. If the infant sits, walks, speaks, or grows teeth too early at birth, they have a bad nature and are not persons of good constitution. If there are four cracks on the top of the head at birth, they will not reach adulthood. If the scalp hair does not grow densely at birth, they will not reach adulthood. A scattered crying sound indicates they will not reach adulthood. A deep crying sound indicates they will not reach adulthood. Lack of sweating indicates they will not reach adulthood. Urine congealed like fat or paste indicates they will not reach adulthood. Constant shaking of hands and feet indicates they will not reach adulthood.
Those without these signs and symptoms will all reach adulthood.
If there is no blood in the umbilicus at birth, it is good. If the prepuce slit is open and black, it indicates longevity; if it is bright red and white and large, it indicates longevity.
It is stated: For children aged three to ten years old, observing their temperament and spirit can indicate whether they will die young or live long. Generally, children who show exceptional insight and quick understanding when young tend to die young, such as Xiang Tuo and Yan Mian. Children whose skeletal structure forms dignified bearing, move slowly and comfortably, and require some spiritual cultivation, tend to live long. Those who anticipate others' intentions and react quickly also tend to die young, such as Yang Xiu and Kong Rong. From this, one can roughly know whether one will die young or live long. It is like plum blossoms blooming early, missing the test of cold winter; or sweet chrysanthemums blooming late, completing their lifespan. Thus, late bloomers are a sign of longevity. (The content on observing infant longevity in *Qianjin Yifang* is the same.)
*Lianzhu Lun* states: For infants under one year old, five types of bone undevelopment are incurable by doctors.
Undeveloped metacarpal bones unable to crawl lead to certain death. Undeveloped occipital bones unable to speak lead to certain death. Undeveloped knee bones unable to step lead to certain death. Undeveloped hip bones unable to sit/move lead to certain death. Undeveloped sacral/coccygeal bones unable to stand/walk lead to certain death.
The above deficiencies are diseases inherited from the parents.