小儿生长必欲人襁褓之襁褓之道必须得宜如春夏之月乃万物生长之时宜教令地卧使之不
逆生
长之气如秋冬之月乃万物收藏之时宜就温暖之处使之不逆收藏之气然后血凝气和则百病无自
而入矣大抵衣不可太暖暖则汗出表虚风邪易入乳不可太饱饱则胃弱而易伤积滞难化格致余论
云童子不衣裘帛下体主阴得寒凉则阴易长得温暖则阴暗消是以下体不与帛绢夹浓之服恐妨阴
气又小儿血气俱盛食物易消肠胃尚脆而窄若稠粘干硬酸咸辛辣一切鱼肉水果湿面烧炙煨炒但
是发热难化之物皆亦禁绝妇人无知畏其啼哭无所不与积成痼疾虽悔何及所以富贵骄养有子多
疾何者盖富贵之家久藏于帏帐之内重 叠被令儿筋骨缓弱譬如阴地草木不见风日少有坚实者
也诚非保育之法而田舍婴儿未尝爱护终日暴露或饥或寒绝无他病者此皆见风日着地气之力也
岂贵贱之理有异哉明乎此则护养之道得矣
初生芽儿藉乳为命乳哺之法不可不慎夫乳者荣血之所化也至于乳子之母尤宜谨节饮食下
咽乳
汁便通情欲动中乳汁便应病气到乳汁必凝滞儿得此乳疾病立至不吐则泻不疮则热或为口糜或
为惊搐或为夜啼或为腹痛病之初来其溺必甚少便须询问随证调治母安则子安可消患于未形也
故哺乳夏不欲热热则致吐逆冬不欲寒寒则致咳痢母不欲怒怒则上气颠狂母不欲醉醉则令
身热
腹痛母方吐下而乳则致虚羸母有积热而乳则变黄不能食新房而乳则瘦瘠交胫不能行新浴而乳
则发吐 神困伤热乳则泻黄伤冷乳则泻青冷热不调停积胸膈结为痰饮遂成壮热吐热不已乃
作
惊痫儿啼未定遽以乳哺气逆不消因成乳癖怀妊而乳致令黄瘦腹大脚弱名曰魅病大胝乳哺不可
太过故彦云婴儿常病伤于饱也又云忍三分饥吃七分饱亦至论也
The growth and development of infants require proper care in swaddling, and the methods must be appropriate. During the spring and summer months, which are times when all things grow, it is suitable to teach the child to lie on the ground so as not to go against the qi of growth. During the autumn and winter months, which are times when all things store energy, it is suitable to keep the child in a warm place so as not to go against the qi of storage. In this way, blood will coagulate properly and qi will harmonize, preventing various diseases from entering.
Generally speaking, clothing should not be too warm; if too warm, sweating occurs, leading to deficiency at the exterior (Wei Qi), making it easy for wind-pathogens to invade. Breastfeeding should not be excessive; if excessive, the stomach becomes weak and prone to injury, making stagnation difficult to digest. *Gezhi Yulun* states: "Young boys do not wear fur or silk." The lower body governs Yin; getting cold promotes the growth of Yin, while getting warmth diminishes Yin. Therefore, avoiding heavy layered silk garments for the lower body is to prevent hindering the growth of Yin Qi. Furthermore, infants have vigorous blood and qi, and food digests easily, but their intestines and stomachs are still fragile and narrow. All foods that are sticky, dry, hard, sour, salty, spicy, including fish, meat, fruits, wet noodles, roasted, baked, simmered, or fried items—anything that generates heat and is hard to digest—should be strictly prohibited. Ignorant women, fearing the infant's crying, give them anything, accumulating chronic illnesses, leaving no room for regret later. Thus, children raised with indulgence in wealthy families often suffer from illnesses. Why? Because wealthy families keep infants hidden within curtains and wrapped in thick layers of quilts, causing their bones and sinews to become lax and weak, similar to plants in shady places that lack exposure to wind and sunlight, rarely becoming solid. This is indeed not a method of proper nurturing. In contrast, rural infants, never overly protected, exposed to the elements all day, sometimes hungry or cold, rarely suffer from other illnesses. This is due to the power of experiencing wind and sunlight and connecting with the earth's qi. Is there really a difference in principle between nobility and humility? Understanding this, one masters the way of nurturing.
Newborns rely on milk for life, so the method of breastfeeding must be handled with caution. Milk is transformed from the mother's Ying Blood (Nutritive Blood). The nursing mother must particularly regulate her diet and emotions. When food is swallowed, milk flows freely; when sexual desire arises, the milk transforms into pathogenic qi and reaches the infant. If the milk becomes stagnant, and the infant receives such milk, illness will immediately manifest, presenting as vomiting or diarrhea, sores or fever, aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers), convulsions, night crying, or abdominal pain. At the onset of illness, the infant's urine output will likely be scant. One must inquire about the situation and treat according to the syndrome. If the mother is well, the child will be well, allowing prevention of disease before it takes shape.
Therefore, in summer, breast milk should not be too hot, as heat causes vomiting and regurgitation; in winter, it should not be too cold, as cold causes coughing and dysentery. The mother should not be angry, as anger causes rebellious qi and mania; the mother should not be drunk, as drunkenness causes body heat and abdominal pain. Nursing while the mother is vomiting or having diarrhea leads to emaciation; nursing while the mother has accumulated heat causes jaundice and anorexia; nursing shortly after marriage results in thinness and inability to walk with crossed legs; nursing after a fresh bath causes vomiting; nursing when the mother is fatigued and overheated causes yellow diarrhea; nursing when the mother is chilled causes green diarrhea. Improper regulation of cold and heat leads to accumulation in the chest and diaphragm, forming phlegm-fluid retention, resulting in high fever. Unremitting vomiting and heat may lead to fright-epilepsy. Feeding an infant who is still crying unsettledly causes rebellious qi that fails to dissipate, resulting in breast lumps (lactational mastitis or related issues). Nursing during pregnancy causes the child to become sallow, thin, with a distended abdomen and weak legs, named "Mei Disease" (demon disease). Breastfeeding must not be excessive. It is said that infants' common illnesses stem from overeating. It is also stated that "enduring one-third hunger and eating until seventy percent full" is a profound truth.