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[Diagram of Eye Diagnosis Rhymes]

The size of the eyes is associated with the Heart (Xin). Pathological changes manifest as redness. If the eyes appear large and red, it indicates an Excess syndrome (Shi) of the Heart; if they appear small and red, it indicates a Deficiency syndrome (Xu) of the Heart. Alternatively, there may be blurred vision, heat sensation, redness, ulceration, swelling, and pain, with a tendency to develop floating nebula (floating corneal opacity). Blood vessels penetrating the pupil, especially if starting with large and red eyes that subsequently become smaller and redder, progressing from the left eye to the right, indicates pathology in the Heart.

The black part of the eye (cornea) is associated with the Liver (Gan). Pathology manifests as blurred vision, darkness, headache, and tearing, indicating pathology in the Liver.

The upper and lower eyelids are associated with the Spleen (Pi) and Stomach (Wei). Pathology manifests as swollen eyelids. Growth of pterygium (fleshy growth), small nodules at the outer canthus known as Touzhen (hordeolum), or trichiasis/entropion (inverted eyelashes rubbing against the eyeball), indicates pathology in the Spleen.

The white part of the eye (sclera) is associated with the Lung (Fei). Pathology manifests as swelling and protrusion of the sclera, often accompanied by fleshy overgrowth (pterygium-like tissue) and tearing. Or, a white membrane invading the cornea, known as Qi Zhang (gas barrier/nebula), indicates pathology in the Lung.

The pupil is associated with the Kidney (Shen). Pathology manifests as dim vision, greenish-blue discoloration of the pupil, headache, excessive cold tears, vision obscured as if by smoke, or conditions such as Qing Mang (blindness due to internal cataract/dystrophy), indicating pathology in the Kidney. If the pupil is enlarged with a hole-like defect, it is incurable.

Rising Qi causing dizziness and mental clouding; Deficiency leading to photopsia (seeing spots); Heat causing redness, swelling, and pain; Wind causing increased swelling and itching; Internal cataracts are often caused by sexual excess; Toxic food or secretion membranes obscuring vision; Trichiasis and entropion of upper and lower lids are lamentable results of Wind-Heat in the Spleen and Stomach.

Protrusion of the eyeball and pterygium indicate damage to the Heart and Liver from alcohol.

Cold in the Heart causes dim vision and chest stuffiness; Cold in the Liver causes intermittent tearing; Cold in the Spleen causes hidden dryness and difficulty opening the eyes; Cold in the Lung causes intermittent blurring and halos; Cold in the Bladder (Pang Guang) causes dimness; Cold in the Stomach causes unclear vision; Cold in the Large Intestine (Da Chang) causes heaviness and drowsiness; Cold in the Kidney affects both the large and small pupils.

Heat in the Heart causes blood vessels penetrating the pupil; Heat in the Liver causes pterygium and eyeball protrusion; Heat in the Spleen causes intermittent stinging pain; Heat in the Stomach causes frequent formation of membranous opacities; Heat in the Kidney causes pain in the eyes and pupil; Heat in the Bladder causes trichiasis like needles; Heat in the Large Intestine causes red membranes; Heat in the Lung causes swollen eyelids spreading invasively.

Scutellaria Barbata (Xuan Shen) and Sophora Flavescens (Ku Shen) can dissipate blood stasis; Rheum Palmatum (Da Huang) promotes unblocking and clears Liver Heat; Bupleurum (Chai Hu) and Peucedanum (Qian Hu) reduce fever; Angelica Sinensis tail (Gui Wei) and Angelica Dahurica (Bai Zhi) break blood stasis; Agastache (Huo Xiang) regulates Qi and together with Akebia (Mu Tong) smooths flow; Saposhnikovia (Fang Feng) and Schizonepeta (Jing Jie) dispel wind; Antelope Horn (Ling Yang Jiao) and Arctium Fruit (Niu Bang Zi) remove obstructions; Honey Flower (Mi Hua) has great merit for brightening eyes; Atractylodes (Cang Zhu) and Tangerine Peel (Chen Pi) harmonize the Spleen and Stomach; Ligusticum Chuanxiong (Chuan Xiong) and Libanotis (Ben) treat headaches; Chrysanthemum (Ju Hua) and Centipeda (Gu Jing Cao) brighten eyes; Scutellaria (Zhu Ye/Zhen Wei Bao - likely referring to specific clearing herbs) calms spirit and stops tears truly as a treasure; Cicada Slough (Chan Tui) and Hemimorphis (Shi Jue Ming) reduce nebula; Perilla (Zi Su) and Gentiana (Long Dan Cao) cool the Liver; Equisetum (Mu Zei) and Mulberry Root Bark (Sang Bai Pi) stop tearing; Schisandra (Wu Wei Zi) and Scutellaria (Huang Qin) treat the Lung; Coptis (Huang Lian) and Phellodendron (Huang Bo) reduce fever; Belamcanda (She Gan) and Smilax (Xiang Zi) follow for breaking blood stasis; Angelica Pubescens (Du Huo) and Asarum (Xi Xin) search out wind; Vitex (Man Jing Zi) and Magnolia Bark (Nou Hou) are close allies; Myrobalan (Wu Bei Zi) stops tears for dry strings; Cyperus (Xiang Fu) and Perilla (Zi Su) are also suitable; Inula (Xuan Fu Hua) removes wind for visual halos; Dodder Seed (Tu Si Zi) and Achyranthes (Niu Xi) add for tonifying deficiency; Gardenia (Zhi Zi) cools the Heart and should be used heavily; Tonifying deficiency and reducing fever, how could it be inferior? Polygala (Yuan Zhi) opens the Heart, truly rare to obtain; Scutellaria (Huang Qin) cools the Heart instantly; For promoting blood circulation, one must know Rehmannia (Sheng Di Huang); Forsythia (Lian Qiao) stands beside for reducing fever; Red Peony Root (Chi Shao) and Groundsel Tree Root (Di Gu Pi) break blood stasis; Red Poria (Chi Fu Ling) is suitable for tonifying deficiency labor; Notopterygium (Qiang Huo) and Centipeda (Gu Jing) dispel wind-heat; Terminalia (He Zi) and Maple Leaf (Shan Feng Ye) remove obstructions; Plantago Seed (Che Qian Zi) and Hemimorphis (Shi Jue Ming) grind away obstructions; Small Wintergreen (Xiao Dong Qing) should be known for cooling the Heart; Only Fructus Aurantii (Zhi Ke) relaxes the intestines and treats diseases; Licorice (Gan Cao) detoxifies and spreads fame; Cinnabar (Zhu Sha) and Borax (Peng Sha) open obstructions and nebulae; Bear Gallbladder (Xiong Dan) is good at sweeping away dust and wind; Costus (Mu Xiang) and Musk (She Xiang) open orifices; Lead Oxide (Huang Dan) detoxifies miraculously; Natrium Nitrate (Nao Sha) turns palms upside down with divine power; Sodium Sulfate (Ya Xiao) and Amber (Hu Po) are unparalleled; White Civet Cat Droppings (Bai Ding Xiang) can remove cold obstructions; Dragon's Blood (Xue Jie) is approachable for stopping pain; For Deficiency, Excess, Wind, Heat, and various symptoms, Azure Stone (Kong Qing) and Borneol (Pian Nao) must be bought genuine; Calamine (Gan Shi) calms the spirit and stabilizes the eyes; I will tell you all this from the beginning.