五脏六腑之津液，尽上渗于目。
目者肝之官也。肝开窍于目，目藏精于肝。肝者主为将，使之候外。欲知坚固，视目大小。目
下果大，其胆乃横。
水者阴也，目下亦阴也，腹者至阴之所居，故水在腹者，必使目下肿也。（据此是下胞属脾也，予历诊亦
以下属脾，上属胃为合。）
足少阳之筋结于目 ，为外维。其病也，颈维筋急，从左之右，右目不开。
足太阳之筋，为目上纲。足阳明之筋，为目下纲。其病也，寒则筋急，目不合；热则筋纵，目不开。
手太阳之筋，属目外 。手少阳之筋，属目外 。足之阳明，手之太阳，筋急则口目为 ， 急不能卒视。
手少阴之脉，系目系。其病目黄，胁痛，掌中热痛。
手太阳之脉，至目锐 ，其支者至目内 。其病目黄。
足太阳之脉，起于目内 。其病目黄，目似脱，项似拔。
手少阳之脉，至目锐 。其病目锐 痛。
足少阳之脉，起于目锐 。其支者复至目锐 后。其病目锐 痛。
足厥阴之脉，连目系，从目系下颊里。
足阳明有夹鼻入于面者，属口对入系目本。足太阳有通项入于脑者，正属目本，名曰眼系。病
苦头目痛。入阴出阳，交于锐 ，阳气盛则 目，阴气绝则瞑目。（绝，极也。谓不交于阳也。）
足阳明胃脉，上至目内 。
阴跷之脉，合太阳、阳跷而上行，至于目内 ，故目内 痛者，取之阴跷。邪客于足阳跷之脉，令人目
痛，从内 始。诊目痛，赤脉从上下者，太阳病；从下上者，阳明病；从外走内者，少阳病。（上并出《内经》。）
首尾赤 属心，满眼白睛属肺，其乌睛圆大属肝，其上下肉胞属脾，而中间一点黑瞳如漆者，肾实主之。（杨仁斋。）
黑珠属肝，白珠属肺，瞳人属肾，大角属大肠，小角属
小肠，（大外小内。）上胞属脾，下胞属胃。（夏禹铸。按∶其赤络属于心。）
The fluids of the five zang organs and six fu organs all ascend and seep into the eyes.
The eyes are the external orifice of the Liver (Gan). The Liver opens into the eyes, and the essence of the eyes is stored in the Liver. The Liver acts as the general, responsible for observing the exterior. To know its firmness, observe the size of the eyes. If the lower eyelids are full and prominent, it indicates that the Gallbladder Qi is hyperactive and rampant.
Water belongs to Yin, and the area under the eyes also belongs to Yin. The abdomen is the residence of the utmost Yin qi. Therefore, if there is fluid retention in the abdomen, it will necessarily cause swelling under the eyes. (Based on this, the lower eyelid belongs to the Spleen; my clinical experience also confirms that classifying the lower eyelid as belonging to the Spleen and the upper eyelid as belonging to the Stomach is consistent.)
The sinews of the Foot-Shaoyang (Gallbladder) channel knot at the eye, forming the "outer restraint." When diseased, the neck sinews become tight; if the tension extends from left to right, the right eye cannot open.
The sinews of the Foot-Taiyang (Bladder) channel form the upper margin of the eyelid. The sinews of the Foot-Yangming (Stomach) channel form the lower margin of the eyelid. When diseased, cold causes sinew tightness, resulting in the inability to close the eyes; heat causes sinew flaccidity, resulting in the inability to open the eyes.
The sinews of the Hand-Taiyang (Small Intestine) channel connect to the outer canthus. The sinews of the Hand-Shaoyang (Sanjiao) channel connect to the outer canthus. When the sinews of the Foot-Yangming and Hand-Taiyang channels are tight, it leads to deviation of the mouth and eye, with tightness preventing sudden vision.
The vessel of the Hand-Shaoyin (Heart) channel connects to the eye system (the connection between the eyeball and the brain). When diseased, symptoms include yellowing of the eyes, hypochondriac pain, and hot painful sensation in the center of the palm.
The vessel of the Hand-Taiyang (Small Intestine) channel reaches the outer canthus, and its branch reaches the inner canthus. When diseased, it results in yellowing of the eyes.
The vessel of the Foot-Taiyang (Bladder) channel originates at the inner canthus. When diseased, it results in yellowing of the eyes, a sensation that the eyes are about to fall out, and a sensation that the neck is being pulled.
The vessel of the Hand-Shaoyang (Sanjiao) channel reaches the outer canthus. When diseased, it results in pain at the outer canthus.
The vessel of the Foot-Shaoyang (Gallbladder) channel originates at the outer canthus, and its branch returns behind the outer canthus. When diseased, it results in pain at the outer canthus.
The vessel of the Foot-Jueyin (Liver) channel connects to the eye system and descends from the eye system through the interior of the cheek.
The Foot-Yangming (Stomach) channel has branches that run alongside the nose into the face, connecting to the mouth and entering the root of the eye. The Foot-Taiyang (Bladder) channel has branches that pass through the neck into the brain, directly connecting to the root of the eye, named the "eye system." Disease causes suffering from headache and eye pain. The vessels enter Yin and exit Yang, intersecting at the outer canthus. When Yang Qi is abundant, the eyes open; when Yin Qi is exhausted/extreme, the eyes close. ("Exhausted" means extreme, referring to not interacting with Yang.)
The vessel of the Foot-Yangming (Stomach) channel ascends to the inner canthus.
The Yin Qiao vessel merges with the Taiyang and Yang Qiao vessels and ascends to the inner canthus; therefore, for pain at the inner canthus, treat the Yin Qiao vessel. When pathogenic factors invade the Foot-Yang Qiao vessel, it causes eye pain starting from the inner canthus. In diagnosing eye pain: if red vessels extend from top to bottom, it is a Taiyang disease; if they extend from bottom to top, it is a Yangming disease; if they move from outside to inside, it is a Shaoyang disease. (All above cited from *Neijing*.)
Redness at the corners of the eyes belongs to the Heart; white sclera covering the whole eye belongs to the Lung; round and large black pupils belong to the Liver; upper and lower eyelids belong to the Spleen; and the central black pupil like lacquer is truly governed by the Kidney. (Yang Renzhai's view.)
The black part of the eye belongs to the Liver, the white part belongs to the Lung, the pupil belongs to the Kidney, the large angle (outer canthus) belongs to the Large Intestine, and the small angle (inner canthus) belongs to the Small Intestine. (Large is external, small is internal.) The upper eyelid belongs to the Spleen, and the lower eyelid belongs to the Stomach. (Xia Yuzhu's view. Note: The red collaterals within belong to the Heart.)