苦，凉。利水通肠，功胜大戟。配木通、槟榔，治水肿。和面作饼，治盐 痰喘。
慢火炙黄，亦可捣用。切勿多用、久用。
一名刚子
得火良。芫花为之使。畏大黄、藜芦、黄连、芦笋、酱豉、豆汁、冷水。
恶蓑草、牵牛。
辛，热，有毒。刚猛之性，走气溃坚。荡涤肠胃之积滞，驱除脏腑之阴霾，片刻间靡不
奏效。得杏仁，治积滞泄痢。
得硼砂、杏仁、牙皂，水丸服，治痰哮。燃灯吹灭，以烟熏鼻，治
不去膜伤胃，不去心伤肾。炒熟，令烟尽至黑色，去油极尽用。用之不当，脏腑溃烂。
中其毒，绿豆汁解之。
辛，热，有毒。行水破血。取油治疮疥，有杀虫劫毒之功。得苦参，治风癞。
去壳。日久油黄勿用。最伤血分，内服害目失明，不可不慎。
（灌木类二十种）
桑根白皮
即桑根皮
桂心、续断、麻子为之使。忌铁。
甘、辛、寒。入手太阴经气分。泻肺火，降肺气，利二便，祛痰嗽，散瘀血，杀寸虫。
又皮主走表，治皮里膜外之
水肿，除皮肤风热之燥痒。得糯米，治嗽血。配茯苓，利小便。
疏散清热，生用。入补肺药，蜜水拌炒。肺虚，小便利者，禁用，根出土生者，有毒杀
人。
桑椹
甘，凉。入足少阴经血分。补水生津。和血脉，利五脏，通关窍，解酒毒。入糯米酿
酒，治水肿胀满。得生熟地，治阴虚火动。
清小肠之热，生用。通关节，酒蒸晒。补肾阴，熟地汁拌蒸晒。胃寒，大便滑，二者禁
用。
桑叶
甘，寒。入手足阳明经。清西方之燥，泻东方之实。去风热，利关节，疏肝，止汗。
得生地、麦冬，治劳热。配生地、阿胶，治嗽血。
阴干，芝麻研碎拌蒸用。肝燥者禁用。
桑枝
甘、苦、平。入手太阴经。治风湿，通关节，除肺咳，利小便，散寒消食。得桂枝，
治肩背痹痛。配益母，煎膏，治紫白瘢风。
切碎炒香。治风湿，酒蒸。消食， 炭。气虚者禁用。
桑霜
即桑树炭
辛，寒。治噎食积块。外用能钻筋透骨，为抽疔拔毒之品。配川连，洗目
赤肿。配猪胆汁，涂热毒。（中留一孔，以出毒瓦斯。）
取东引桑根带皮 炭亦可用。
[Root Bark of Mulberry]
Bitter, cool. Promotes urination and unblocks the intestines; its efficacy surpasses that of *Radix Euphorbiae Humifusae* (Daji). Combined with *Caulis Akebiae* (Mutong) and *Areca Seed* (Binglang), it treats edema. Mixed with flour to make cakes, it treats phlegm-wheezing caused by salt accumulation.
Slow-roasted until yellow, it can also be crushed for use. Do not use in large doses or for prolonged periods.
[Other Records on Mulberry Root Bark]
Also known as Gangzi.
Fire enhances its properties. *Radix Genkwa* (Yuanhua) serves as an guiding herb. It is incompatible with *Radix et Rhizoma Rhei* (Dahuang), *Rhizoma Veratri Nigr* (Lilu), *Rhizoma Coptidis* (Huanglian), *Asparagus Fern Shoots* (Lusun), fermented soybean paste (Jiangchi), bean juice, and cold water.
It is antagonistic to *Herba Smilacis Glabrae* (Suocao) and *Semen Phaseoli* (Qianniu).
[Branched Twig of Mulberry]
Acrid, hot, toxic. Possesses a fierce nature; moves Qi and breaks down hardness. Sweeps away stagnation in the intestines and stomach, and dispels yin-cold pathogens in the zang-fu organs; effective within moments.
Combined with *Semen Armeniacae Amarum* (Xingren), it treats dysentery due to stagnation.
Combined with *Borax* (Pengsha), *Semen Armeniacae Amarum* (Xingren), and *Fructus Gleditsiae Sinensis* (Ya Zao), formed into water pills and taken orally, it treats phlegm-asthma.
Light a lamp wick and blow it out; smoke the nostrils with the resulting smoke to treat... [text incomplete/erratic]. Failure to remove membranes harms the stomach; failure to remove the heart harms the kidney. Stir-fry until smoke ceases and it turns black, removing all oil before use. Improper use causes ulceration of the zang-fu organs.
If poisoned, antidote with mung bean juice.
[Leaf of Mulberry]
Acrid, hot, toxic. Moves water and breaks blood stasis. Extracting the oil treats sores and scabies, possessing insecticidal and detoxifying powers. Combined with *Radix Sophorae Flavescentis* (Kushen), it treats wind-leprosy.
Remove the shell. Discard if stored for a long time and turned yellow/oily. It most severely damages the Blood aspect; internal use harms the eyes leading to blindness, so caution is essential.
(20 Species of Shrubs)
[Root Bark of Mulberry Tree]
Same as Root Bark of Mulberry.
*Cortex Cinnamomi* (Guixin), *Radix Dipsaci* (Xuduan), and *Semen Cannabis* (Mazi) serve as guiding herbs. Avoid iron.
Sweet, acrid, cold. Enters the Qi aspect of the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. Drains Lung fire, descends Lung Qi, promotes urination and defecation, expels phlegm and stops cough, disperses blood stasis, and kills roundworms (*Taenia*).
The bark primarily acts on the exterior, treating edema beneath the skin and fascia, and clearing dryness and itching from wind-heat in the skin. Combined with *Glutinous Rice* (Nuomi), it treats hemoptysis. Paired with *Poria* (Fuling), it promotes urination.
Raw use disperses heat; when used in tonifying Lung formulas, stir-fry with honey-water. Contraindicated in cases of Lung deficiency with frequent urination. Roots dug from the earth are toxic and can cause death.
[Fruit of Mulberry]
Sweet, cool. Enters the Blood aspect of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian. Replenishes fluids and generates body fluids. Harmonizes the vessels, benefits the five zang organs, opens orifices, and resolves alcohol toxicity. Fermented with glutinous rice to make wine, it treats abdominal distension and edema. Combined with *Radix Rehmanniae Preparata* (Sheng Dihuang) and *Radix Rehmanniae Preparata* (Shu Dihuang), it treats Yin deficiency with hyperactive fire.
Raw use clears heat from the Small Intestine; steamed with wine and sun-dried, it unblocks joints; steamed with juice of prepared Rehmannia and sun-dried, it tonifies Kidney Yin. Contraindicated in cases of Stomach cold and loose stools for both preparations.
[Leaf of Mulberry]
Sweet, cold. Enters the Hand-Yangming and Foot-Yangming meridians. Clears autumnal dryness, drains liver fire (eastern excess). Expels wind-heat, benefits joints, soothes the Liver, and stops sweating.
Combined with *Radix Rehmanniae Fresh* (Sheng Dihuang) and *Ophiopogon Tuber* (Maidong), it treats consumptive fever. Paired with *Radix Rehmanniae Fresh* (Sheng Dihuang) and *Colla Corii Asini* (Ejiao), it treats hemoptysis.
Dry in shade, steam with crushed sesame seeds. Contraindicated in cases of Liver dryness.
[Branched Twig of Mulberry]
Sweet, bitter, neutral. Enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. Treats wind-dampness, unblocks joints, relieves lung cough, promotes urination, disperses cold, and aids digestion.
Combined with *Ramulus Cinnamomi* (Guizhi), it treats bi-syndrome pain in the shoulders and back. Paired with *Herba Leonuri* (Yimucao), decocted into a paste, it treats vitiligo and purpura.
Chopped and fried until fragrant. For wind-dampness, steam with wine; for aiding digestion, use charcoal form. Contraindicated in Qi deficiency.
[Mulberry Ash]
Same as Charcoal of Mulberry Tree.
Acrid, cold. Treats dysphagia and food stagnation masses. Externally, it penetrates tendons and bones; it is a herb for drawing out toxins from carbuncles. Combined with *Rhizoma Coptidis* (Chuan Lian), wash the eyes to treat redness and swelling. Applied with pig bile, it treats heat-toxins. (Leave a hole in the center to allow toxin gases to escape.)
Charcoal made from mulberry roots growing towards the east, retaining the bark, can also be used.