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The patient's teeth lack luster, the tongue surface is white, there is a preference for sleeping, mental confusion with an inability to locate pain or itching. Alternatively, dysentery may occur, which is caused by parasites in the lower body eroding the anus. Take one jin (approx. 500g) of plum leaves and peach leaves, pound them until mushy, steam until extremely hot, place in a small vessel, sit over it with a cloth barrier between the body and the vessel to fumigate; the parasites will all die. (From *Yu Jushi Xuanqi Fang*)

Pain, itching, pus, and blood discharge, with fistulas forming on the sides. Use seven dung beetles (collected on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month), one liang (approx. 37.5g) of fat mutton, and five qian (approx. 18.75g) of fresh cow dung (stir-fried until yellow). Pound them together into a paste and form pills the size of lotus seeds. Heat the pills, wrap them in cotton cloth, and insert into the anus. Within half a day, worms will be expelled in the stool; four treatments will result in a cure. (From *Dong Bingqiji Fang*)

Severe swelling and pain at the anus, feeling as if it were about to break off. Crush *Lingzhi* (*Clematis chinensis*) to extract juice, soak and wash the affected area with one person; this has been effective for such cases. (From *Li Lou Guaizheng Fang*)

Take the roots of fresh *Zhugecai* (*Orychophragmus violaceus*), wash away the mud, pound until soft, and apply as a poultice to reduce swelling. If fresh ones are unavailable, dried roots soaked in water and pounded for application can also be used. This prescription treats conditions that others cannot. (From *Ji Liao Fang*)

An elderly man had a pinhole-sized opening on his scrotum with unceasing bleeding, so much so that holes were worn through the bed sheets from the flow. Various medicines failed, and he believed death was inevitable. Apply finely powdered scaly pangolin scales (*Chuan Shan Jia*) that have been stir-fried to the wound, and bind tightly with cloth; the bleeding stops immediately. (Subsequently, administer *Buxue Tang* [Blood-Nourishing Decoction] for three to four doses.) Gradual recovery ensued. Mr. Fengshan Mao stated: "I once saw an oil merchant crossing a dam; his oil basket was leaking, covering the ground with oil. He took out some powder from his belongings, sprinkled it into the basket, and the leakage stopped instantly. I asked him about it, and he said it was pangolin scale powder. Since then, whenever I encounter various conditions involving leaking blood, I intend to apply this method, and it is always effective." (From *Heyuzhai Yanfang*)

Take seven dog oranges (*Gou Ju*), decoct them in water, and pour the soup into a jar. Hang the scrotum above the mouth of the jar, one to two cun (approx. 3-6 cm) above the liquid surface. Wait for the heat to rise and fumigate the area. When the liquid becomes warm, pour it into a basin and wash the scrotum. Repeat this for three days for a complete cure. (From *Danfang Quanjui*)

To treat anal warts ("eight-cornered seeds") in men, or strange lice growing in women's pubic hair causing itching. Use an unspecified amount of ginkgo nuts (*Yin Xing*), pound them until soft, and rub onto the affected area for a cure. (From *Qian Qinglun Qiji Fang*)

When damp-heat from the intestines and stomach flows downward, it causes sudden swelling of the anus. Use several land slugs (*Yan You*) with shells intact, pound and grind them, and apply the paste to the area; the swelling will subside. (From *Jingyan Liangfang*)