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Pungent in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats chronic deafness, cough and upward reversal of qi (Ke Ni), expels toxic vapors through acupuncture points, and induces sweating. It treats nasal obstruction (Bi Zhi). Its earthen nest primarily treats carbuncles and swellings, and head wind disorders (Feng Tou). Also known as Earth Wasp (Tu Feng), it is found in the valleys of Xiong'er River and certain areas, or within human dwellings.

There are many such insects; although named Earth Wasp, they do not build nests in the soil but rather construct them using mud. Currently, there is a type that is black with a very slender waist, carrying mud to build nests on the sides of human rooms and vessels, resembling parallel bamboo tubes. They lay eggs the size of millet grains in the center, then capture more than ten green spiders from grasses to fill the nest, sealing the opening, intending for these to serve as food for their offspring when they grow large.

Another type enters reed bamboo tubes, also capturing green insects from grasses, also known as Guoluo (a type of potter wasp). Poets say: "The moth has offspring, which the Guoluo carries," implying that the slender-waisted insect has no females and captures green insects, teaching and blessing them to transform into its own offspring; this is erroneous. The poets failed to investigate thoroughly, unaware of why Confucius cited such biased and incorrect beliefs. Sages often have omissions, and most cases are similar.

[Respectful Note] Earth Wasps build nests in the soil, large as black wasps, and do not sting people; they are not [specific species], nor do they enter the soil to build nests. Although called Earth Wasp, they are not the specific wasp referred to.

Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats pediatric convulsions and epilepsy (Jing Xian), alternating cold and heat, Qi stagnation (Jie Qi), gu poison (Gu Du), and ghost treading diseases (Gui Zhu, a type of infectious disease). Also known as Zao She. It grows in Hanzhong, harvested and steamed; it exists between tree branches as its nest. Harvested in August.

This insect is the Hao Chong (Oyster Insect). This insect is mostly found on pomegranate trees, commonly called Hao Chong; its back hairs can also sting. It lays eggs shaped like chicken eggs, as large as croton seeds; currently, medical practitioners do not use this.

Hao, alternatively written as Er.

[Respectful Note] This object has purple and white mottled patterns, resembling the lovely texture of charu (a type of shell); the larger ones are the size of sparrow eggs, appearing in trees like piaoxiao (mantis egg case) insects.

Sweet in flavor, warm in nature, toxic. It primarily treats evil qi in the abdomen, eliminates the three parasites (San Chong), snake bites, gu poison, ghost treading diseases, and fu shi (diseases caused by latent corpse qi). It grows in the valleys of Yongchang.

Medical practitioners have never used this substance; ancient and modern physicians and pharmacists no longer recognize it at all. It is also known as Pi Zi, but its shape is unknown.

[Respectful Note] The character "Bi" here should be written with a wood radical as "Pei", pronounced "Pi", meaning fruit of a tree, mistakenly included in the insect section. "Erya" states: "Pei is also called Shan, leaves resemble fir." It should appear in the Wood section; this entry belongs in the Fruit section.