味酸，寒，无毒。主寒热，泄痢，白沃，阴蚀，恶疮，目痛，坚骨齿，除固热在骨髓
，去鼻中息肉。炼饵服之，轻身、不老、增年。歧伯云∶久服伤人骨。能使铁为铜。一名羽
KT，一名羽泽。生河西山谷，及陇西武都、石门，采无时。
甘草为之使，恶牡蛎。今出益州北部西川，从河西来。色青白，生者名马齿矾。已炼成
绝白，蜀人又以当硝石名白
矾。其黄黑者名鸡屎矾，不入药，惟堪镀作以合熟铜。投苦酒中，涂
内质不变。《仙经》单饵之，
丹方亦用。俗中合药，皆先火熬令沸燥，以疗齿痛，多即坏齿，是伤骨之证，而去坚骨齿，
诚为疑也。
〔谨案〕矾石有五
种∶青矾、白矾、黄矾、黑矾、绛矾，然白矾多入药用；青黑二矾，疗疳及诸疮；黄矾亦疗
疮生肉，兼染皮用之；其绛
矾本来绿色，新出窟未见风者，正如琉璃，陶及今人谓之石胆，烧之赤色，故名绛矾矣，出
瓜州。
味甘，寒、大寒，无毒。主身热、泄 ，女子乳难，癃闭，利小便，荡胃中积聚寒热
，益精气，通九窍六腑津液，去留结，止渴，令人利中。久服轻身，耐饥，长年。一名液
石
无时。
石苇为之使，恶曾青。滑石色正白，《仙经》用之以为泥。又有冷石，小青黄，性并冷
利，
亦能熨油污衣物。今出湘州、始安郡诸处。初取软如泥，久渐坚强，人多以作冢中明器物
，并散热人用之，不正入方药。赭阳县先属南阳，汉哀帝置，明《本经》所注郡县，必是后
汉时也。掖县属青州东莱，卷县属司州荣阳。
〔谨案〕此石所在皆有。岭南始安出者，白如
凝脂，极软滑。其出掖县者，理粗质青白黑点，惟可为器，不堪入药。齐州南山神通寺南谷
亦大有，色青白不佳，至于滑腻，犹胜掖县者。
Alum Stone (Fan Shi):
Taste: sour; Nature: cold; Toxicity: non-toxic. It primarily treats alternating chills and fever, diarrhea and dysentery, leukorrhea (excessive white vaginal discharge), erosion and ulceration of the genitalia, malignant sores, eye pain, strengthens bones and teeth, eliminates persistent heat in the bone marrow, and removes nasal polyps. After refining and taking it as a pill or powder, it can make the body light, prevent aging, and prolong life. Qibo stated: Long-term use damages human bones. It can transform iron into copper. Also known as Yutai, also known as Yuze. It grows in the valleys of Hexi, as well as in Wudu and Shimen of Longxi. It can be harvested at any time. Licorice Root (Gancao) serves as its guide drug; it is incompatible with Oyster Shell (Muli). Currently, it is produced in the northern part of Yizhou (Xichuan), imported from Hexi. Its color is bluish-white; the unrefined form is called Machi Fan (Horse-tooth Alum). The fully refined form is pure white; people in Shu also refer to it as Natrii Sulfas (Xiaoshi) and call it Bai Fan (White Alum). The yellowish-black variety is called Jishi Fan (Chicken-dung Alum); it is not used in medicine but is suitable for plating and alloying with annealed copper. When placed in vinegar (Ku Jiu), its internal substance remains unchanged. The *Immortal Classic* mentions using it alone as an elixir, and it is also used in alchemical formulas. In folk medicine preparation, it is usually boiled over fire until boiling and dry to treat toothache; however, excessive use damages teeth, which is evidence of bone damage, contradicting its claim to "strengthen bones and teeth," thus raising doubts.
[Editor's Note]: There are five types of Alum Stone: Qing Fan (Green Alum), Bai Fan (White Alum), Huang Fan (Yellow Alum), Hei Fan (Black Alum), and Jiang Fan (Crimson Alum). However, Bai Fan is mostly used in medicine; Qing Fan and Hei Fan are used to treat infantile malnutrition (Gan accumulation) and various sores; Huang Fan is also used to treat sores and promote flesh growth, and is additionally used for dyeing leather; Jiang Fan is originally green; when newly mined and not exposed to air, it resembles glass. Potters and modern people call it Shidan (Stone Gall); after calcination, it turns crimson, hence the name Jiang Fan. It is produced in Guazhou.
Talc (Hua Shi):
Taste: sweet; Nature: cold, very cold; Toxicity: non-toxic. It primarily treats body heat, diarrhea, difficulty in lactation in women, strangury and urinary retention, promotes urination, clears accumulated cold and heat in the stomach, benefits essence and qi, unblocks the nine orifices and the fluid metabolism of the six fu organs, removes stagnation and accumulation, relieves thirst, and facilitates bowel movement. Long-term use makes the body light, increases resistance to hunger, and prolongs life. Also known as Yeshi. It can be harvested at any time.
Leafy Fern Herb (Shiwei) serves as its guide drug; it is incompatible with Azurite (Zengqing). Talc is pure white; the *Immortal Classic* uses it to make clay. There is also a "cold stone" with a bluish-yellow color, which is also cold and slippery in nature, and can be used to iron oily clothes. Currently, it is produced in Xiangzhou, Shian Commandery, and other places. When first extracted, it is soft like mud; over time, it gradually becomes hard. People often use it to make lighting vessels for tombs and for cooling purposes, but it is not formally included in medical prescriptions. Zhe County previously belonged to Nanyang Commandery and was established during the reign of Emperor Ai of Han. The commanderies and counties annotated in the *Classic of Materia Medica* (*Benjing*) must reflect the administrative divisions of the Later Han Dynasty. Yexian belonged to Donglai Commandery in Qingzhou; Juan County belonged to Rongyang in Sizhou.
[Editor's Note]: This stone is available everywhere. The variety produced in Shian in Lingnan is white like congealed fat and extremely soft and slippery. The variety from Yexian has a coarse texture, is bluish-white with black spots, and is only suitable for making vessels, not for medicinal use. There is also a large production in the south valley of Shentong Temple in the southern mountains of Qizhou; its color is poor bluish-white, but its slipperiness still surpasses that of the Yexian variety.