味苦、辛，微温，无毒。主伤寒，补不足，金疮，痈伤，折跌，续筋骨，妇人乳难。崩
中漏血，金疮血内漏，止痛，
生肌肉，疗 伤，恶血，腰痛，关节缓急。久服益气力。一名龙
一名南草，一名槐。生常山
山谷。七月、八月采，阴干。
地黄为之使，恶雷丸。 案《桐君药录》云∶续断生蔓延，叶细、茎如荏，大根本，黄
白有汁，七月、八月采根。
今皆用茎叶，节节断，皮黄皱，状如鸡脚者，又呼为桑上寄生，恐皆非真。时人又有接骨树，
高丈余许，叶似蒴 ，皮
主疗金疮，有此接骨名，疑或者。而广州又有一藤名续断，一名诺藤，断其茎，器承其汁饮
之，疗虚损绝伤，用沐头，
又长发。折枝插地即生，恐此又相类。李云是虎蓟，与此大乖，而虎蓟亦自疗血尔。
〔谨案〕此药，所在
今俗用者是。叶似苎而茎方，根如大蓟，黄白色。陶注者，非也。
味辛、苦，温，无毒。主泄痢肠 ，杀虫蛊毒，去邪恶结气，止痛，除寒热。消渴。花，
主见鬼精物，多食令人狂走。杀精物，下水，烧之致鬼。久服轻身，通神明，益寿。一名员
实，一名云英，一名天豆。生河间川谷。十月采，曝干。
今处处有，子细如葶苈子而小黑，其实亦类莨菪。烧之致鬼，未见其法术。
〔谨案〕云实，大如黍及大麻子等，
黄墨似豆，故名天豆。丛生泽旁，高五、六尺。叶如细槐，亦如苜蓿，枝间微刺。俗谓苗为
草云母。陶云似葶苈，非也。
[Duanyang (Dipsaci Radix)]
Taste: Bitter, Pungent. Nature: Slightly Warm. Toxicity: Non-toxic.
Indications: Treats Shanghan (Cold Damage disease), tonifies deficiency, treats Jin Chuang (metal weapon injuries), Yong Shang (carbuncle wounds), Zhe Die (fractures and dislocations), reconnects tendons and bones, treats Nuren Nan Chan (difficult childbirth in women). Treats Beng Zhong Lou Xue (metrorrhagia and metrorrhaxis), Jin Chuang Xue Nei Lou (internal bleeding from metal weapon injuries), stops pain, generates flesh, treats Yu Xue (blood stasis), Yao Tong (lower back pain), Guan Jie Huan Ji (joint flaccidity or spasticity). Long-term use benefits Qi and strengthens strength.
Aliases: Long, Nan Cao, Huai.
Habitat: Grows in valleys of Changshan.
Harvesting: Roots are collected in the 7th and 8th lunar months and dried in the shade.
Compatibility: Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) acts as an assistant; incompatible with Lei Wan.
Notes: According to *Tong Jun Yao Lu*, Duanyang grows spreading, with fine leaves and stems resembling Ren grass, large roots that are yellowish-white and juicy, collected in the 7th and 8th months. Currently used Duanyang has segmented stems and leaves, yellow wrinkled bark, and a shape resembling chicken feet; it is also called Sang Shang Ji Sheng (Mistletoe on Mulberry), which is likely not the true herb. There is another plant called Jie Gu Shu (Bone-Setting Tree), over one zhang high, with leaves resembling Shuo Xiao, whose bark treats metal injuries and bears the name "bone-setting," but this is suspected to be erroneous. In Guangzhou, there is a vine named Duanyang, also known as Nuo Teng; its stem juice is drunk to treat deficiency and severe injuries, and washing the head with it promotes hair growth. It propagates easily by cutting, suggesting it is merely similar. Li Yun identifies it as Hu Ji (Cirsium japonicum), which differs greatly, though Hu Ji also treats blood disorders.
[Official Commentary]: The herb currently used locally in various places is the authentic one. Its leaves resemble Zhen Ma (Ramie) with square stems, and its roots resemble Da Ji (Cirsii Japonici Radix), yellowish-white. Tao Hongjing's annotation is incorrect.
[Yunshi (Caesalpiniae Fructus)]
Taste: Pungent, Bitter. Nature: Warm. Toxicity: Non-toxic.
Indications: Treats Xie Li Chang Pi (dysentery with pus and blood), kills parasites and Gu poison, removes evil stagnant Qi, stops pain, eliminates alternating chills and fever. Treats Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome).
Flowers: Treat hallucinations ("seeing spirits"), excessive consumption causes manic wandering. Kills spirits, promotes urination, burning attracts ghosts. Long-term use lightens the body, clarifies the mind, and prolongs life.
Aliases: Yuan Shi, Yun Ying, Tian Dou.
Habitat: Grows in river valleys of Hejian.
Harvesting: Collected in the 10th lunar month and sun-dried.
Current Status: Found everywhere. Seeds are small like Ting Li Zi (Descurainiae Semen) but darker black; fruits resemble Lang Dang (Hyoscyami Fructus). The claim that burning attracts ghosts lacks empirical evidence.
[Official Commentary]: Yunshi seeds are the size of millet or hemp seeds, yellowish-black like beans, hence the name Tian Dou. They grow in clusters near swamps, reaching five to six chi in height. Leaves resemble fine Huai trees or Medicago sativa, with slight thorns on branches. Locally called Miao Wei Cao Yun Mu. Tao Hongjing’s description likening them to Ting Li Zi is incorrect.