味苦，微寒，无毒。主头秃，恶疮，热气，疥瘙痂癣虫。疗龋齿，女子阴中内伤，皮间
实积。一名羊泉，一名羊饴。
生蜀郡川谷。
方药亦不复用，彼土人时有采识者。
〔谨案〕此草，俗名漆姑，叶似菊，花紫色。子
类枸杞子，根如远志，无心
有糁。苗主小儿惊，兼疗漆疮，生毛发。所在平泽皆有之。
味苦，寒，无毒。主大热，恶疮，痈疽，浸淫赤 ，皮肤赤，身热。生荆州川谷。
方药亦不用，想此草当寒冷尔。
〔谨案〕此草，叶圆如钱大，茎细劲，蔓延生溪涧侧。捣
敷热肿丹毒，不入药用。荆楚人以叶如钱，谓为地钱草，《徐仪药图》名连钱草，生处亦稀。
味辛，平，无毒。主明目，补中，除风伤。根茎疗伤寒寒热汗出，中风面肿，消渴
热中，逐水。久服轻身耐老。生鲁山平泽。
方药不复用。
〔谨案〕鲁山在邓州东北。其草叶大如芋，子壳似栗状，实细长如茺蔚子。
根主牙齿疼痛，劳疟，脚缓
弱，风毒痈疽，咳嗽伤肺，肺壅，疝瘕，积血，主诸风，症瘕，冷气。吞一枚，出痈疽头。
《别录》名牛蒡，一名鼠粘草。
味甘，微寒，无毒。主除胸中热，充皮毛。久服利人，益气，长须眉。一名 、一名侯
莎
月、八月采。
方药亦不复用，《离骚》云∶青莎杂树，繁草霍靡。古人为诗多用之，而无识者，乃有
鼠蓑，疗体异此。
〔谨案〕
此草，根名香附子，一名雀头香，大下气，除胸腹中热，所在有之。茎叶都似三棱，根若附
子，周匝多毛，交州者最胜。
大者如枣，近道者如杏仁许。荆、襄人
Bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. Primarily treats alopecia capitis (hair loss on the scalp), severe sores, heat qi, scabies with itching and crusts, and lice. Treats dental caries (tooth decay), internal injury in the vagina of women, and solid accumulation under the skin. Also known as Yangquan, also known as Yangyi.
Grows in the valleys of Shu Commandery.
No longer used in prescriptions; local people occasionally collect and identify it.
[Note] This herb, commonly known as Qigu, has leaves resembling chrysanthemum flowers and purple blossoms. The seeds resemble those of Lycii Fructus (Goji berry); the roots resemble Polygalae Radix (Yuanzhi), lacking a heart but containing powder. The sprouts treat pediatric convulsions (infantile惊风) and also treat lacquer dermatitis, promoting hair growth. It is found in flat marshy areas everywhere.
Bitter, cold, non-toxic. Primarily treats high fever, severe sores, carbuncles and furuncles, spreading red rashes, redness of the skin, and body heat. Grows in the valleys of Jingzhou.
Not used in prescriptions; this herb is likely very cold in nature.
[Note] This herb has round leaves about the size of a coin, slender and tough stems, growing creeping by streams. Crushed and applied externally for hot swelling and erysipelas; not used internally. People in Jingchu call it Diqiancao due to its coin-shaped leaves; Xu Yi's Materia Medica Illustrations calls it Lianqiancao; it is rare where it grows.
Pungent, neutral, non-toxic. Primarily improves vision, tonifies the middle jiao, and dispels wind injuries. The root and rhizome treat shanghan (cold damage) with alternating chills and fever and sweating, stroke with facial swelling, thirst with internal heat, and promotes water metabolism. Long-term use lightens the body and delays aging. Grows in the flat marshes of Lushan.
No longer used in prescriptions.
[Note] Lushan is northeast of Dengzhou. Its leaves are large like taro; the seed husks resemble chestnuts; the fruits are long and thin like Viticis Semen (Chongweizi).
The root treats toothache, chronic malaria, weakness of the legs, wind-toxin carbuncles and furuncles, cough damaging the lungs, lung congestion, hernia and masses, blood stasis, various wind disorders, fixed masses, and cold qi. Swallowing one piece expels the head of a carbuncle or furuncle.
The Bie Lu names it Niubang, also known as Shuniancao.
Sweet, slightly cold, non-toxic. Primarily clears heat from the chest, nourishes the skin and hair. Long-term use benefits the person, boosts qi, and promotes the growth of beard and eyebrows. Also known as Suocaogen, also known as Houyue. Harvested in August.
No longer used in prescriptions. "Li Sao" states: "Green suos mixed among trees, lush grasses lying prostrate." Ancient poets often used it in verse, but few recognize it; there is a plant called Shusuo, which has different therapeutic properties.
[Note]
This herb's root is named Xiangfuzi, also known asquetouxiang, strongly moves qi downward, and clears heat from the chest and abdomen; it is found everywhere. The stems and leaves resemble Samsum Rhizoma (Sanleng); the root resembles Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi), covered in hairs all around; specimens from Jiaozhou are the best.
Large ones are like dates; those near the capital are about the size of apricot kernels. People in Jing and Xiang...