味甘，平、微寒，无毒。主心腹结气，伤中、伤饱，胃络脉绝，羸瘦短气。身重、目黄，
心下支满，虚劳客热，口
干燥渴，止呕吐，愈痿蹶，强阴益精，消谷调中，保神，定肺气，安五脏，令人肥健，美颜
色，有子。久服轻身、不老、
不饥。秦名羊韭，齐名爱韭，楚名马韭，越名羊蓍，一名禹葭，一名禹余粮。叶如韭，冬夏
长生。生函谷川谷及堤 肥
土石间久废处。二月、三月、八月、十月采，阴干。
地黄、车前为之使，恶款冬、苦瓠，畏苦参、青 。函谷，即秦关。而麦门冬异于羊韭
之名矣。处处有，以四月采，
冬月作实如青珠，根似 麦，故谓麦门冬，以肥大者为好。用之汤泽抽去心，不尔令人烦，
断谷家为要。二门冬润时并
重，既燥即轻，一斤减四、五两尔。
味苦、甘，温，无毒。主风寒，湿痹，死肌，痉疸，止汗，除热，消食。主大风在身面，
风
水，逐皮间风水结肿，除心下急满，及霍乱、吐下不止，利腰脐间血，益津液，暖胃，消谷，
嗜食。作煎饵，久服轻身、
延年、不饥。一名山蓟，一名山姜，一名山连。生郑山山谷、汉中、南郑。二月、三月、八
月、九月采根，曝干。
防风、地榆为之使。郑山，即南郑也。今处处有。以蒋山、白山、茅山者为胜。十一月、
十二月、正月、二月采好，
多脂膏而甘。《仙经》云∶亦能除恶气，弭灾疹。丸散煎饵并有法。其苗又可作饮，甚香美，
去水。术乃有两种∶白术叶
大有毛而作丫，根甜而少膏，可作丸散用；赤术叶细无丫，根小苦而多膏，可作煎用。昔刘
涓子挪取其精而丸之，名守
中金丸，
可以长生。东境术大而无气烈，不任用。今市人卖者，皆以米粉涂令白，非自然，用时宜刮
去之。
〔谨案〕利小便，及用苦酒渍之，用拭面 黯极效。
Taste is sweet, nature is neutral and slightly cold, non-toxic. It primarily treats qi stagnation in the chest and abdomen, internal injury to the middle jiao (middle energizer), overeating, severance of the stomach collateral vessels leading to emaciation and shortness of breath. It addresses heaviness of the body, yellowing of the eyes, fullness and distension under the heart (epigastric region), latent heat from deficiency labor, dry mouth and thirst. It stops vomiting, cures flaccidity syndromes (Wei Jue) and cold extremities (Jue), strengthens Yin and benefits essence, promotes digestion and harmonizes the middle jiao, nourishes the spirit, calms Lung Qi, stabilizes the Five Zang organs, makes the person robust and healthy, beautifies the complexion, and facilitates conception. Long-term use lightens the body, prevents aging, and suppresses hunger. In Qin, it is called Yangjiu; in Qi, Aijiu; in Chu, Majiu; in Yue, Yangshu. Also known as Yujia or Yuyuliang. The leaves resemble chives, remaining evergreen in winter and summer. It grows in the valleys of Hangu River and on fertile soil between dikes or in abandoned places. Harvested in the second, third, eighth, and tenth months, dried in the shade. Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Dihuang) and Plantaginis Semen (Cheqian) serve as guiding herbs (Shi). It is incompatible with Kuan Dong Hua (Adenophorae Radix) and Ku Huo (Bitter Gourd), and fears Ku Shen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix) and Qing Qiang Zi (Pharbitidis Semen). Hangu refers to the Qin Pass. However, Maidong differs from the name Yangjiu. It grows everywhere, best harvested in the fourth month. In winter, it produces seeds like green pearls; its roots resemble wheat grains, hence the name Maidong. Large and plump roots are preferred. When used, soak in water and remove the core, otherwise it causes irritability. It is essential for those practicing grain avoidance (Du Gu). Tianmendong and Maidong weigh heavily when moist but become lighter when dry, losing only four or five taels per jin.
Taste is bitter and sweet, nature is warm, non-toxic. It primarily treats wind-cold, bi-syndrome due to dampness, necrotic muscle tissue, spasmodic jaundice, stops sweating, clears heat, and aids digestion. It treats severe wind affecting the head and face, Feng Shui edema, expels wind-water nodules under the skin, relieves acute fullness under the heart, and halts continuous vomiting and diarrhea in Cholera-like disorders (Huo Luan). It promotes blood circulation in the waist and umbilical region, replenishes body fluids, warms the Stomach, aids digestion, and increases appetite. Prepared as decoctions or pills, long-term use lightens the body, prolongs life, and suppresses hunger. Also known as Shan Ji, Shan Jiang, or Shan Lian. It grows in the valleys of Zheng Mountain, Hanzhong, and Nanzheng. Harvest the roots in the second, third, eighth, and ninth months, and sun-dry them. Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) and Diyuyu (Sanguisorbae Radix) serve as guiding herbs (Shi). Zheng Mountain is Nanzheng. It is now found everywhere. Those from Jiang Mountain, Baishan, and Maoshan are superior. Best harvested in the eleventh, twelfth, first, and second months; they are rich in oleoresin and sweet-tasting. The *Xian Jing* states: It can also eliminate evil qi and avert disasters and rashes. There are methods for preparing pills, powders, decoctions, and pastes. Its young shoots can be made into tea, very fragrant and delicious, and can resolve water retention. There are two types of Zhu: Bai Zhu has large, hairy leaves forming a fork shape, sweet roots with little oleoresin, suitable for pills and powders; Chi Zhu has fine, unforked leaves, small bitter roots with much oleoresin, suitable for decoctions. In ancient times, Liu Juanzi extracted its essence to make pills named Shouzhong Jin Wan, which could promote longevity. Zhu from the eastern regions is large but lacks potent aroma and efficacy, thus not usable. Current market sellers coat it with rice flour to whiten it, which is unnatural; it should be scraped off before use. [Note]: It promotes urination. Soaking it in vinegar and wiping it on the face to treat severe hyperpigmentation is highly effective.