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The disease of "Mao Han" (Exposure to Cold) occurs due to accidental external exposure to cold pathogenic factors. Its severity is lighter than that of Shang Han (Cold Damage), but its onset is more gradual compared to Zhong Han (Direct Strike by Cold). This is because Shang Han injures the Six Channels, whereas Zhong Han directly strikes the interior organs. In contrast, Mao Han involves cold qi merely enveloping the exterior of the body without transmitting into the channels or penetrating the interior. Consequently, symptoms include generalized body pain, slight headache, aversion to cold, fever, and absence of sweating. The pulse is surging and abundant upon light palpation. Treatment should employ the method of releasing the exterior with acrid-warm herbs. After taking the medicine, one must strictly avoid wind and cold, lie in bed covered with blankets, and allow a slight sweat to emerge for recovery; otherwise, the pathogen may transmit into the channels and penetrate the interior, at which point treatment must be differentiated according to the specific channel involved. If the pathogen remains latent and does not manifest immediately, it will inevitably develop into Chun Wen (Spring Warmth) or Feng Wen (Wind Warmth) in the following year; this knowledge is indispensable.

Ancient sages stated that when winter should be cold but turns warm instead, possessing the climate out of season, and illness ensues immediately upon contraction, it is named Dong Wen (Winter Warmth). For those engaged in strenuous labor who sweat during exertion, warm qi takes advantage of the open pores to invade, typically affecting the exterior. For those who failed to conserve essence during winter (leading to Kidney Jing deficiency), the Kidney Channel is insufficient, allowing warm qi to invade, typically affecting the interior. Although Dong Wen manifests in winter, the principles of medication are radically different from Shang Han. Warmth causes the dispersal of qi, while cold causes the consolidation of qi; these two natures are inherently opposite. Misapplication of acrid-warm herbs will lead to successive complications. Symptoms include headache with sweating, cough, thirst, aversion to heat rather than cold, facial edema, sore throat, or chest pain. A floating, slippery, and forceful Yang pulse indicates that warm pathogenic factors have penetrated the Lung Channel; treatment should utilize the method of releasing the exterior with acrid-cool herbs, adding Qiaqiao (Forsythiae Fructus) and Xiangbei (Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus). Severe thirst indicates the warm pathogen has entered the Stomach Fu organ; add Lugeng (Phragmitis Rhizoma) and Huafen (Trichosanthis Radix) to the prescription. If diarrhea occurs, and the Yin pulse is not floating but slippery, it indicates the warm pathogen has sunk into the interior; treatment should employ the method of clearing heat and venting the pathogen with cool-natured herbs, adding Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) and Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix). If the heat intensity worsens, accompanied by mental confusion, delirious speech, and black tongue coating, the condition becomes difficult to treat. One may tentatively apply the method of dispelling heat and opening the orifices; Zixue Dan (Purple Snow Pill) may also be used. Various complications cannot be exhaustively listed; one must emulate the methods found in various categories of Warm Disease literature.

A question was posed: "Dong Wen presents with fever and no aversion to cold. If aversion to cold is present, what disease is it?" The answer is: "Occasionally, Dong Wen presents with aversion to cold. This is usually due to first contracting warm qi, followed immediately by severe cold invasion. With cold on the exterior and warm qi in the interior, one should first use the method of releasing the exterior with acrid-warm herbs to expel the cold pathogen, followed by the method of cooling and resolving interior heat to clear the warm qi." Another question arose: "Both Shang Han and Mao Han present with initial aversion to cold. How are they distinguished?" The answer is: "Shang Han and Mao Han do not present with thirst in their early stages; this distinguishes them." Yet another question: "Warm pathogens should manifest as Dong Wen. If mild cases remain latent and do not manifest, what disease is it?" The answer is: "Latent pathogens that do not manifest will transform into Wendu (Warm Toxin) in the coming spring." In treating seasonal diseases, one must clearly distinguish between newly contracted pathogens and latent pathogens to avoid significant diagnostic errors.

Another inquiry: "Your book is specifically designed for the Six Qi. Wind, Cold, Summerheat, Dampness, and Dryness are detailed thoroughly. Why is Fire syndrome omitted? Is this an incomplete work? Can Fire syndrome be supplemented?" The response: "You are unaware that when Junhuo (Ministerial Fire/Emperor Fire) holds authority, there are Wenbing (Warm Diseases) and Wendu (Warm Toxins); when Xianghuo (Ministerial Fire) governs, there are Rebing (Heat Diseases) and Shubing (Summerheat Diseases). Diseases arising under the command of Junhuo and Xianghuo are, in fact, Fire syndromes. How could this be considered incomplete? Moreover, Fire is a Yang pathogen, and its manifestations are most prominent. Examples include a rapid and forceful pulse, yellow and dry tongue coating, red eyes, thirst, sore throat, or red urine. These are all Fire syndromes, treated with cooling methods. Other types of fire, such as those arising from the Five Emotions (Wuzhi) or Dragon-Lei fire, belong to internal injury categories and are not discussed here."